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The Omnibus : A Cultural History of Urban Transportation
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ISBN: 9783031187087 9783031187070 9783031187094 9783031187100 Year: 2023 Publisher: Cham Springer Nature, Imprint: Palgrave Macmillan

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Abstract

The introduction of omnibus services in the late 1820s revolutionised urban life in Paris, London and many other cities. As the first form of mass transportation—in principle, they were ‘for everyone’—they offered large swaths of the population new ways of seeing both the urban space and one another. This study examines how the omnibus gave rise to a vast body of cultural representations that probed the unique social experience of urban transit. These representations took many forms—from stories, plays and poems to songs, caricatures and paintings—and include works by many well-known artists and authors such as Picasso and Pissarro and Charles Dickens, Wilkie Collins and Guy de Maupassant. Analysing this corpus, the book explores how the omnibus and horse-drawn tram functioned in the cultural imagination of the nineteenth century and looks at the types of stories and values that were projected upon them. The study is comparative in approach and considers issues of gender, class and politics, as well as genre and narrative technique. Elizabeth Amann is Professor in the Department of Literary Studies at Ghent University. She is the author of two books, Importing Madame Bovary: The Politics of Adultery (Palgrave Macmillan, 2006) and Dandyism in the Age of Revolution: The Art of the Cut (2015), and the co-editor of three edited volumes, the most recent of which is Reverberations of Revolution: Transnational Perspectives, 1770-1850 (2021). She has written numerous articles on nineteenth-century literature and culture.


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The Critique of Work in Modern French Thought : From Charles Fourier to Guy Debord
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ISBN: 3030125866 3030125858 Year: 2019 Publisher: Cham : Springer International Publishing : Imprint: Palgrave Macmillan,

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What is work? Why do we do it? Since time immemorial the answer to these questions, from both the left and the right, has been that work is both a natural necessity and, barring exploitation, a social good. One might criticise its management, its compensation and who benefits from it the most, but never work itself, never work as such. In this book, Alastair Hemmens seeks to challenge these received ideas. Drawing on the new ‘critique-of-value’ school of Marxian critical theory, Hemmens demonstrates that capitalism and its final crisis cannot be properly understood except in terms of the historically specific and socially destructive character of labour. It is from this radical perspective that Hemmens turns to an innovative critical analysis of the rich history of radical French thinkers who, over the past two centuries, have challenged the labour form head on: from the utopian-socialist Charles Fourier, who called for the abolition of the separation between work and play, and Marx’s wayward son-in-law, Paul Lafargue, who demanded The Right to Laziness (1880), to the father of Surrealism, André Breton, who inaugurated a ‘war on work’, and, of course, the French Situationist, Guy Debord, author of the famous graffito, ‘never work’. Ultimately, Hemmens considers normative changes in attitudes to work since the 1960s and the future of anti-capitalist social movements today. This book will be a crucial point of reference for contemporary debates about labour and the anti-work tradition in France.


Book
Everyday Mobilities in Nineteenth- and Twentieth-Century British Diaries
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ISBN: 3031126831 303112684X Year: 2022 Publisher: Cham : Springer International Publishing : Imprint: Palgrave Macmillan,

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This book uses diaries written by ordinary British people over the past two centuries to examine and explain the nature and extent of everyday mobilities, such as travel to school, to work, to shop or to visit friends, and to explore the meanings attached to these mobilities. After a critical evaluation of diary writing, the ways in which mobility changed over time, interacted with new forms of transport technology, and varied from place to place are examined. Further chapters focus on the roles of family and life course, gender, income and class, and journey purpose in shaping mobilities, including immobility. It is argued that easy and frequent everyday mobilities were experienced by most of the diarists studied, that travellers could exercise their own agency to adapt easily to new forms of transport technology, but that factors such as gender, class, and location also created significant mobility inequalities. Colin G. Pooley is Emeritus Professor of Social and Historical Geography in the Environment Centre and the Centre for Mobilities Studies (CeMoRe), Lancaster University, UK. His research focuses on the social geography of Britain and continental Europe since circa 1800, with recent projects focused on residential migration, travel to work, everyday mobilities and sustainable transport. Marilyn E. Pooley is an Historical Geographer. She was formerly a Teaching Associate in the Environment Centre at Lancaster University, UK, and in retirement is researching (with Colin Pooley) everyday mobility in nineteenth- and twentieth-century Britain using life writing. .

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