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This book comprehensively investigates the challenges to Myanmar’s access to the global market. Myanmar is a late entrant in the global trade and investment scenario after years of isolation. However, it has large untapped potentials for trade and investment in minerals, agro and forest based industries, other labour intensive industries, services like tourism, IT, etc. Different chapters of the book explore the implication of democratic transition of Myanmar, the progress of Myanmar’s industry and infrastructure, its international linkages and feasible options for integrating more in regional economic groups and also analyses how far Myanmar could exploit the global value chain. Although a number of reports have discussed sector specific prospects of Myanmar, this book is an authoritative work on these aspects for policy planners, academicians, researchers as well as potential investors.

Globalization. --- Markets. --- Trade. --- Business. --- Commerce. --- International economics. --- Economic policy. --- Economic development. --- Economics. --- International Economics. --- Emerging Markets/Globalization. --- Regional Development. --- Economic Policy. --- Development, Economic --- Economic growth --- Growth, Economic --- Economic policy --- Economics --- Statics and dynamics (Social sciences) --- Development economics --- Resource curse --- Economic nationalism --- Economic planning --- National planning --- State planning --- Planning --- National security --- Social policy --- Economic policy, Foreign --- Economic relations, Foreign --- Economics, International --- Foreign economic policy --- Foreign economic relations --- Interdependence of nations --- International economic policy --- International economics --- New international economic order --- International relations --- Economic sanctions --- Trade --- Business --- Transportation --- Management --- Commerce --- Industrial management --- Public markets --- Fairs --- Market towns --- Global cities --- Globalisation --- Internationalization --- Anti-globalization movement --- Burma --- Economic conditions --- Foreign economic relations. --- Birmanskiĭ Soi︠u︡z --- Union of Burma --- Burma (Union) --- Socialist Republic of the Union of Burma --- Pyidaungsu Myanmma Naing Ngan-Daw --- Birmanie --- Birmânia --- Myanmar --- Mien Chin --- Burmah --- Pyidaungzu Myanma Naingngandaw --- Myanma Naingngandaw --- Pyidaungsu Socialist Thammada Myanma Naingngandaw --- Mranʻ mā --- Praññʻ thoṅʻ cu Chuirhayʻlacʻ Sammata Mranʻ mā Nuiṅʻ ṅaṃ toʻ --- Union of Myanmar --- Birma --- Myanma --- Republic of the Union of Myanmar --- Pyidaunzu Thanmăda Myăma Nainngandaw --- Mianmar --- Unie van Mianmar --- Unie van Birma --- Pyi-daung-zu Myan-mar Naing-ngan-daw --- Myanma Birliyi Respublikası --- М'янма --- M'i︠a︡nma --- Рэспубліка Саюз М'янма --- Rėspublika Sai︠u︡z M'i︠a︡nma --- П'ідаўнзу М'янма Найнганда --- P'idaŭnzu M'i︠a︡nma Naĭnhanda --- Саюз М'янма --- Sai︠u︡z M'i︠a︡nma --- Mijanmar --- Mijanmarska Unija --- Мианмар --- Република Съюз Мианмар --- Republika Sŭi︠u︡z Mianmar --- República de la Unió de Myanmar --- Birmanya --- Barma --- Svazová republika Myanmar --- Undeb Myanmar --- Myanmar Unionens Republik --- Pyidaungsu Thamada Myanmar Naing-Ngan-Daw --- Pye Tawngsu Thammada Myanma Naingngan --- Republik der Union von Myanmar --- Myanmari Liidu Vabariik --- Μιανμάρ --- ʼΕνωση του Μιανμαρ --- Enōsē tou Mianmar --- Βιρμανία --- Virmania --- Μπούρμα --- Bourma --- Δημοκρατία της ʼΕνωσης της Μιανμάρ --- Dēmokratia tēs Enōsēs tēs Mianmar --- Unión de Myanmar --- República de la Unión de Myanmar --- Birmo --- Mjanmao --- Mjanmaa Unio --- Myanmarko Batasuna --- République de l'Union du Myanmar --- Myanmarin tasavallan unioni --- Puruma --- Maenmar --- Unión de Birmania --- Mjanmar --- Mjanma --- Unija Mjanmar --- Mianmari Államszövetség Köztársasága --- ミャンマー --- 미얀마 --- Miyanma --- 버마 --- Bŏma --- 缅甸 --- Miandian --- Praññʻ thoṅʻ cu Sammata Mranʻ mā Nuiṅʻ ṅaṃ toʻ --- Mranʻ mā Nuiṅʻ ṅaṃ toʻ --- Pyidaungzu Thammada Myanma Naingngandaw --- Traffic (Commerce) --- Merchants --- International economic relations.

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Military enterprises, ostensibly set up to feed and supply soldiers, were some of the earliest and largest Burmese commercial conglomerates, established in the 1950s. Union Myanmar Economic Holdings Limited (UMEHL) and Myanmar Economic Corporation (MEC) are two profit-seeking military enterprises established by the military after the dissolution of the Burma Socialist Programme Party in 1988, which remain central players in Myanmar's post-2011 economy. Military conglomerates are a major source of off-budget revenue for the military and a main employer of retired soldiers. Yet few veterans receive more than a small piece of the profits from UMEHL. The vast bulk of formal dividends instead disproportionately benefit higher ranking officers and institutions within the Tatmadaw. Military capitalism entrenches the autonomy of the Tatmadaw from civilian oversight. Despite this, obligatory or semi-coerced contributions from active-duty soldiers are a source of cash flow for UMEHL, effectively constituting a transfer from the government budget to the military's off-budget entities. The most significant source of livelihoods support for most veterans is the service pension dispersed by the Ministry of Finance and Planning (MoPF). Despite delivering suboptimal welfare outcomes for most soldiers and veterans while eroding the legitimacy of ceasefires, successive governments since 1988, including Aung San Suu Kyi's National League for Democracy (NLD) administration, have entrenched military capitalism by encouraging commercial activities of armed groups that enter into ceasefire agreements. Extending military pensions already paid by the Ministry of Planning and Finance to retired members of armed groups could deliver a far more consistent and tangible "peace dividend" than the commercial extraction of resources from ceasefire areas. More balanced civil-military relations, and fairer social outcomes for military personnel, will rely on civilian-led state institutions delivering effective and substantive welfare support beyond the commercially oriented welfare arrangements of military conglomerates.

Civil-military relations. --- Capitalism. --- Armed Forces. --- Civil-military relations --- Capitalism --- Market economy --- Economics --- Profit --- Capital --- Military and civilian power --- Military-civil relations --- Executive power --- Sociology, Military --- Military government --- Armed Services --- Military, The --- Military art and science --- Disarmament --- Burma. --- Burma --- Barma --- Birma --- Birmânia --- Birmanie --- Birmanskiĭ Soi͡uz --- Birmanya --- Birmo --- Bŏma --- Bourma --- Burmah --- Dēmokratia tēs Enōsēs tēs Mianmar --- Enōsē tou Mianmar --- Maenmar --- Miandian --- M'i͡anma --- Mianmar --- Mianmari Államszövetség Köztársasága --- Mien Chin --- Mijanmar --- Mijanmarska Unija --- Miyanma --- Mjanma --- Mjanmaa Unio --- Mjanmao --- Mjanmar --- Mranʻ m --- Mranʻ mā Nuiṅʻ ṅaṃ toʻ --- Myanma --- Myanma Birliyi Respublikası --- Myanma Naingngandaw --- Myanmar --- Myanmar Unionens Republik --- Myanmari Liidu Vabariik --- Myanmarin tasavallan unioni --- Myanmarko Batasuna --- P'idaŭnzu M'i͡anma Naĭnhanda --- Praññʻ thoṅʻ cu Chuirhayʻlacʻ Sammata Mranʻ mā Nuiṅʻ ṅaṃ toʻ --- Praññʻ thoṅʻ cu Sammata Mranʻ mā Nuiṅʻ ṅaṃ toʻ --- Puruma --- Pye Tawngsu Thammada Myanma Naingngan --- Pyi-daung-zu Myan-mar Naing-ngan-daw --- Pyidaungsu Myanmma Naing Ngan-Daw --- Pyidaungsu Socialist Thammada Myanma Naingngandaw --- Pyidaungsu Thamada Myanmar Naing-Ngan-Daw --- Pyidaungzu Myanma Naingngandaw --- Pyidaungzu Thammada Myanma Naingngandaw --- Pyidaunzu Thanmăda Myăma Nainngandaw --- Republic of the Union of Myanmar --- República de la Unió de Myanmar --- República de la Unión de Myanmar --- Republik der Union von Myanmar --- Republika Sŭi͡uz Mianmar --- République de l'Union du Myanmar --- Rėspublika Sai͡uz M'i͡anma --- Sai͡uz M'i͡anma --- Socialist Republic of the Union of Burma --- Svazová republika Myanmar --- Undeb Myanmar --- Unie van Birma --- Unie van Mianmar --- Unija Mjanmar --- Unión de Birmania --- Unión de Myanmar --- Union of Burma --- Union of Myanmar --- Virmania --- Birmanskiĭ Soi︠u︡z --- Burma (Union) --- Mranʻ mā --- М'янма --- M'i︠a︡nma --- Рэспубліка Саюз М'янма --- Rėspublika Sai︠u︡z M'i︠a︡nma --- П'ідаўнзу М'янма Найнганда --- P'idaŭnzu M'i︠a︡nma Naĭnhanda --- Саюз М'янма --- Sai︠u︡z M'i︠a︡nma --- Мианмар --- Република Съюз Мианмар --- Republika Sŭi︠u︡z Mianmar --- Μιανμάρ --- ʼΕνωση του Μιανμαρ --- Βιρμανία --- Μπούρμα --- Δημοκρατία της ʼΕνωσης της Μιανμάρ --- ミャンマー --- 미얀마 --- 버마 --- 缅甸 --- Defense industries --- Politics and government. --- Armaments industries --- Arms sales --- Military sales --- Military supplies industry --- Munitions --- Sale of military equipment --- Industries --- Arms transfers --- National Unity Government of Myanmar --- National Unity Government of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar