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Ausgeprägte metasprachliche Fähigkeiten werden häufig als positiver Effekt eines mehrfachen Spracherwerbs angesehen. Jedoch scheint es im Deutschunterricht nicht zu gelingen, diese Fähigkeiten - so sie denn vorliegen - aufzugreifen und für die Förderung sprachlicher Kompetenzen in der Zweitsprache zu nutzen. Diese interdisziplinär zwischen Spracherwerbsforschung und Sprachdidaktik angesiedelte Arbeit geht der Frage nach, ob die optimistische Einschätzung der metasprachlichen Fähigkeiten von Kindern mit Deutsch als früher Zweitsprache berechtigt ist. In einer mit 80 Schülerinnen und Schülern durchgeführten Querschnittstudie wurden Unterschiede zwischen den metasprachlichen Fähigkeiten ein- und mehrsprachiger Kinder zu Beginn und am Ende der Grundschulzeit ermittelt. Eingesetzt wurden dabei Methoden, mittels derer bereits in anderen Studien ausgeprägte metasprachliche Fähigkeiten von Kindern mit doppeltem Erstspracherwerb nachgewiesen werden konnten (z. B. Grammatikalitätsurteile, lexikalische Segmentierung). Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass eine pauschale Annahme überdurchschnittlicher Sprachaufmerksamkeit bei mehrsprachigen Lernerinnen und Lernern nicht berechtigt ist. Auch geben sie Anlass, die aktuelle Praxis des Sprachunterrichts in der Grundschule zu hinterfragen. Die Nutzung der besonderen Stärken mehrsprachiger Kinder hinsichtlich der Kontrolle der sprachlichen Verarbeitung bei gleichzeitiger Arbeit an ihren Schwächen hinsichtlich des analysierten sprachlichen Wissens ist eine Herausforderung, der die Sprachdidaktik sich dringend stellen muss.
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Digital discourse has become a widespread way of communicating worldwide, WhatsApp being one of the most popular Instant Messaging tools. This book offers a critical state-of-the-art review of WhatsApp linguistic studies. After evaluating a wide range of sources, seeking to identify relevant works, two major thematic domains were found. On the one hand, references addressing WhatsApp linguistic characteristics: status notifications, multimodal elements such as emojis or memes, language variation, among others. On the other, the volume offers an overview of references describing the use of WhatsApp to learn English as a foreign or second language (EFL/ESL). The author provides a broad critical review of previous works to date, which has enabled her to detect areas of research still unexplored.
Language acquisition --- Linguistics --- Language and linguistics --- Linguistic science --- Science of language --- Language and languages --- Acquisition of language --- Developmental linguistics --- Developmental psycholinguistics --- Language development in children --- Psycholinguistics, Developmental --- Interpersonal communication in children --- Psycholinguistics --- Acquisition --- Language acquisition. --- Linguistics. --- Language and linguistics. --- WhatsApp (Application software) --- WhatsApp Messenger (Application software) --- Mass communications --- Pragmatics
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This book describes in detail the fundamental mathematics and algorithms of machine learning (an example of artificial intelligence) and signal processing, two of the most important and exciting technologies in the modern information economy. Taking a gradual approach, it builds up concepts in a solid, step-by-step fashion so that the ideas and algorithms can be implemented in practical software applications.Digital signal processing (DSP) is one of the 'foundational' engineering topics of the modern world, without which technologies such the mobile phone, television, CD and MP3 players, WiFi and radar, would not be possible. A relative newcomer by comparison, statistical machine learning is the theoretical backbone of exciting technologies such as automatic techniques for car registration plate recognition, speech recognition, stock market prediction, defect detection on assembly lines, robotguidance, and autonomous car navigation. Statistical machine learning exploits the analogy between intelligent information processing in biological brains and sophisticated statistical modelling and inference.DSP and statistical machine learning are of such wide importance to the knowledge economy that both have undergone rapid changes and seen radical improvements in scope and applicability. Both make use of key topics in applied mathematics such as probability and statistics, algebra, calculus, graphs and networks. Intimate formal links between the two subjects exist and because of this many overlaps exist between the two subjects that can be exploited to produce new DSP tools of surprisingutility, highly suited to the contemporary world of pervasive digital sensors and high-powered, yet cheap, computing hardware. This book gives a solid mathematical foundation to, and details the key concepts and algorithms in this important topic.
Machine learning --- Signal processing --- Mathematics --- Digital techniques. --- Machine learning. --- Traitement du signal. --- Apprentissage automatique. --- Learning, Machine --- Artificial intelligence --- Machine theory --- 681.3*I26 --- 681.3*I26 Learning: analogies; concept learning; induction; knowledge acquisition; language acquisition; parameter learning (Artificial intelligence)--See also {681.3*K32} --- Learning: analogies; concept learning; induction; knowledge acquisition; language acquisition; parameter learning (Artificial intelligence)--See also {681.3*K32} --- Machine learning - Mathematics --- Signal processing - Mathematics --- Signal processing - Digital techniques. --- Digital signal processing --- Digital communications --- Digital electronics --- Mathematics.
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