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This book focuses on light invariant bare hand gesture recognition while there is no restriction on the types of gestures. Observations and results have confirmed that this research work can be used to remotely control a robotic hand using hand gestures. The system developed here is also able to recognize hand gestures in different lighting conditions. The pre-processing is performed by developing an image-cropping algorithm that ensures only the area of interest is included in the segmented image. The segmented image is compared with a predefined gesture set which must be installed in the recognition system. These images are stored and feature vectors are extracted from them. These feature vectors are subsequently presented using an orientation histogram, which provides a view of the edges in the form of frequency. Thereby, if the same gesture is shown twice in different lighting intensities, both repetitions will map to the same gesture in the stored data. The mapping of the segmented image's orientation histogram is firstly done using the Euclidian distance method. Secondly, the supervised neural network is trained for the same, producing better recognition results. An approach to controlling electro-mechanical robotic hands using dynamic hand gestures is also presented using a robot simulator. Such robotic hands have applications in commercial, military or emergency operations where human life cannot be risked. For such applications, an artificial robotic hand is required to perform real-time operations. This robotic hand should be able to move its fingers in the same manner as a human hand. For this purpose, hand geometry parameters are obtained using a webcam and also using KINECT. The parameter detection is direction invariant in both methods. Once the hand parameters are obtained, the fingers’ angle information is obtained by performing a geometrical analysis. An artificial neural network is also implemented to calculate the angles. These two methods can be used with only one hand, either right or left. A separate method that is applicable to both hands simultaneously is also developed and fingers angles are calculated. The contents of this book will be useful for researchers and professional engineers working on robotic arm/hand systems.

Robust control. --- Robot hands --- Control. --- Hands, Robot --- Robustness (Control systems) --- Engineering. --- Artificial intelligence. --- Control engineering. --- Robotics. --- Automation. --- Robotics and Automation. --- Artificial Intelligence (incl. Robotics). --- Robots --- Automatic control --- Artificial Intelligence. --- Control and Systems Theory. --- AI (Artificial intelligence) --- Artificial thinking --- Electronic brains --- Intellectronics --- Intelligence, Artificial --- Intelligent machines --- Machine intelligence --- Thinking, Artificial --- Bionics --- Cognitive science --- Digital computer simulation --- Electronic data processing --- Logic machines --- Machine theory --- Self-organizing systems --- Simulation methods --- Fifth generation computers --- Neural computers --- Automatic factories --- Automatic production --- Computer control --- Engineering cybernetics --- Factories --- Industrial engineering --- Mechanization --- Assembly-line methods --- Automatic machinery --- CAD/CAM systems --- Robotics --- Automation --- Control engineering --- Control equipment --- Control theory --- Engineering instruments --- Programmable controllers

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The first complete history of US industry's most influential and controversial lobbyistFounded in 1895, the National Association of Manufacturers—NAM—helped make manufacturing the basis of the US economy and a major source of jobs in the twentieth century. The Industrialists traces the history of the advocacy group from its origins to today, examining its role in shaping modern capitalism, while also highlighting the many tensions and contradictions within the organization that sometimes hampered its mission.In this compelling book, Jennifer Delton argues that NAM—an organization best known for fighting unions, promoting "free enterprise," and defending corporate interests—was also surprisingly progressive. She shows how it encouraged companies to adopt innovations such as safety standards, workers' comp, and affirmative action, and worked with the US government and international organizations to promote the free exchange of goods and services across national borders. While NAM's modernizing and globalizing activities helped to make American industry the most profitable and productive in the world by midcentury, they also eventually led to deindustrialization, plant closings, and the decline of manufacturing jobs.Taking readers from the Progressive Era and the New Deal to the Reagan Revolution and the Trump presidency, The Industrialists is the story of a powerful organization that fought US manufacturing's political battles, created its economic infrastructure, and expanded its global markets—only to contribute to the widespread collapse of US manufacturing by the close of the twentieth century.

Capitalism --- History. --- National Association of Manufacturers (U.S.) --- United States. --- USA --- 20th century American history. --- Allan Lichtman. --- American labor history. --- Benjamin Waterhouse. --- Elizabeth Fones-Wolf. --- Howell John Harris. --- Invisible Hands. --- Julie Greene. --- Kevin Kruse. --- Kim Phillips-Fein. --- Lobbying America. --- One Nation under God. --- Pure and Simple Politics. --- Selling Free Enterprise. --- The Right to Manage. --- U.S. labor history. --- US labor history. --- White Protestant Nation. --- conservatism. --- corporate America. --- globalization. --- labor. --- lobbyists. --- neoliberalism. --- twentieth-century American history.

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The WHO Guidelines on Hand Hygiene in Health Care provide health-care workers (HCWs) hospital administrators and health authorities with a thorough review of evidence on hand hygiene in health care and specific recommendations to improve practices and reduce transmission of pathogenic microorganisms to patients and HCWs. The present Guidelines are intended to be implemented in any situation in which health care is delivered either to a patient or to a specific group in a population. Therefore this concept applies to all settings where health care is permanently or occasionally performed, such as home care by birth attendants.

Cross infection -- Prevention. --- Hand washing. --- Handwashing -- methods. --- Handwashing -- standards. --- Health facilities -- Standards. --- Hygiene. --- Hand washing --- Hygiene --- Cross infection --- Health facilities --- Health Care Facilities, Manpower, and Services --- Public Health --- Investigative Techniques --- Infection --- Therapeutics --- Communicable Disease Control --- Bacterial Infections and Mycoses --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Health Care --- Environment and Public Health --- Public Health Practice --- Diseases --- Health Facilities --- Cross Infection --- Handwashing --- Methods --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Public Health - General --- Prevention --- Standards --- Methodological Studies --- Methodological Study --- Procedures --- Studies, Methodological --- Study, Methodological --- Method --- Procedure --- Hand Sanitization --- Hand Washing --- Scrubbing, Surgical --- Surgical Scrubbing --- Disinfection, Hand --- Hand Washings --- Sanitization, Hand --- Washing, Hand --- Washings, Hand --- Health Care Associated Infection --- Health Care Associated Infections --- Healthcare Associated Infections --- Infection, Cross --- Infections, Hospital --- Infections, Nosocomial --- Hospital Infections --- Nosocomial Infections --- Associated Infection, Healthcare --- Associated Infections, Healthcare --- Cross Infections --- Healthcare Associated Infection --- Hospital Infection --- Infection, Healthcare Associated --- Infection, Hospital --- Infection, Nosocomial --- Infections, Cross --- Infections, Healthcare Associated --- Nosocomial Infection --- Facilities, Health --- Facility, Health --- Health Facility --- Health Practice, Public --- Health Practices, Public --- Practice, Public Health --- Practices, Public Health --- Public Health Practices --- Community-Based Distribution --- Contraceptive Distribution --- Delivery of Healthcare --- Dental Care Delivery --- Distribution, Non-Clinical --- Distribution, Nonclinical --- Distributional Activities --- Healthcare --- Healthcare Delivery --- Healthcare Systems --- Non-Clinical Distribution --- Nonclinical Distribution --- Delivery of Dental Care --- Health Care Delivery --- Health Care Systems --- Activities, Distributional --- Activity, Distributional --- Care, Health --- Community Based Distribution --- Community-Based Distributions --- Contraceptive Distributions --- Deliveries, Healthcare --- Delivery, Dental Care --- Delivery, Health Care --- Delivery, Healthcare --- Distribution, Community-Based --- Distribution, Contraceptive --- Distribution, Non Clinical --- Distributional Activity --- Distributions, Community-Based --- Distributions, Contraceptive --- Distributions, Non-Clinical --- Distributions, Nonclinical --- Health Care System --- Healthcare Deliveries --- Healthcare System --- Non Clinical Distribution --- Non-Clinical Distributions --- Nonclinical Distributions --- System, Health Care --- System, Healthcare --- Systems, Health Care --- Systems, Healthcare --- Parasite Control --- Control, Communicable Disease --- Control, Parasite --- Communicable Diseases --- Therapy --- Treatment --- Therapeutic --- Therapies --- Treatments --- Disease --- Infections --- Investigative Technics --- Investigative Technic --- Investigative Technique --- Technic, Investigative --- Technics, Investigative --- Technique, Investigative --- Techniques, Investigative --- Environment, Preventive Medicine & Public Health --- Environment, Preventive Medicine and Public Health --- Health, Public --- Healthcare Facilities, Manpower, and Services --- Health care facilities --- Health care institutions --- Health institutions --- Institutions, Health --- Medical care facilities --- Medical care institutions --- Medical facilities --- Body care --- Cleanliness --- Human body --- Personal body care --- Personal cleanliness --- Personal hygiene --- Washing of hands --- prevention & control --- therapy --- Care and hygiene --- Hand Sanitizers --- Staphylococcal Infections --- Community-Acquired Infections --- Catheter-Related Infections --- Infectious Disease Medicine --- Disease Eradication --- Community Health --- Health, Community --- Preventive Medicine --- Education, Public Health Professional --- Medical care --- Public health --- Medicine, Preventive --- Health --- Sanitation --- Hand --- Infection and Infestation --- Infections and Infestations --- Infestation and Infection --- Infestations and Infections --- Flatten the Curve of Epidemic --- Flattening the Curve, Communicable Disease Control --- Hand Disinfection --- standards. --- prevention & control.