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"We started working on the first edition of this book (Miller and Blair, 1985) in the late 1970s. At that time, input-output as an academic topic (outside of Wassily Leontief's Harvard research group) was a little more than 25 years old - approximately 1952-1979. We use 1952 because that was when the first author was introduced to input-output analysis in a sophomore-year economics class at Harvard taught by Robert Kuenne, who later claimed that was the first time input-output had been included (anywhere) in an undergraduate economics course. In 1962, the first author joined the faculty of the Regional Science Department at the University of Pennsylvania. He was asked by then department chair Walter Isard to teach the graduate course in linear models for regional analysis; this was to include a strong input-output component. At that time coverage of the topic in texts was to be found primarily in two chapters of Dorfman, Samuelson and Solow (1958), in Chenery and Clark (1959), in Stone (1961) and in a long chapter on input-output at the regional level in Isard et al. (1960); later there were texts by Miernyk (1965), Yan (1969), and Richardson (1972)"--

Input-output analysis. --- Interindustry economics --- Economics, Mathematical --- National income --- Input-output tables --- Accounting --- National accounts

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This Selected Issues paper examines the vulnerability of firms in Malta and investigates the effect of their balance sheets on investment in innovation. The results indicate that, while the financial health of medium and large firms has improved in recent years, vulnerabilities remain in the construction sector and for small and medium enterprises. Firms with weaker balance sheets tend to invest less in innovation, even during good times. Policy implications call for (1) accelerating the restructuring of corporate balance sheets of highly leveraged but viable firms, (2) improving the insolvency framework to allow a fast exit of nonviable companies, and (3) expanding corporate funding options for small and medium enterprises, including via nonbank financing alternatives.

Economic development --- Input-output analysis --- Interindustry economics --- Economics, Mathematical --- National income --- Input-output tables --- Development, Economic --- Economic growth --- Growth, Economic --- Economic policy --- Economics --- Statics and dynamics (Social sciences) --- Development economics --- Resource curse --- Accounting --- International Monetary Fund --- Internationaal monetair fonds --- International monetary fund --- Macroeconomics --- Real Estate --- Industries: Service --- Industries: Financial Services --- Housing Supply and Markets --- Banks --- Depository Institutions --- Micro Finance Institutions --- Mortgages --- Public Administration --- Public Sector Accounting and Audits --- Business Fluctuations --- Cycles --- Industry Studies: Services: General --- Property & real estate --- Finance --- Financial reporting, financial statements --- Housing prices --- Financial statements --- Financial conditions index --- Services sector --- Prices --- Financial institutions --- Public financial management (PFM) --- Economic sectors --- Financial sector policy and analysis --- Housing --- Finance, Public --- Business cycles --- Service industries --- Malta