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Optical fiber communication industry has gained unprecedented opportunities and achieved rapid progress in recent years. However, with the increase of data transmission volume and the enhancement of transmission demand, the optical communication field still needs to be upgraded to better meet the challenges in the future development. Artificial intelligence technology in optical communication and optical network is still in its infancy, but the existing achievements show great application potential. In the future, with the further development of artificial intelligence technology, AI algorithms combining channel characteristics and physical properties will shine in optical communication. This reprint introduces some recent advances in optical fiber communication and optical network, and provides alternative directions for the development of the next generation optical fiber communication technology.

optical communication --- frame transmission --- synchronization word --- blind recognition --- Hough transform --- machine learning --- optical communications --- patent analysis --- network analysis --- technical analysis --- fiber nonlinearities --- deep learning (DL) --- artificial intelligence (AI) --- BPSK-VSB --- BPSK-SSB --- fiber transmission --- optical neural networks --- time lens --- fiber --- dispersion Fourier transform --- high-flux imaging --- classification --- cancer cell recognition --- photon time stretching (PTS) --- passive optical networks --- laser tuning time --- TWDM --- Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation --- optical access networks --- scheduling --- FSOC system --- omnidirectional communication --- miniaturization --- ASE noise --- ICC --- DWDM-FSO/PON optical fiber network --- hybrid OOK/M-ary DPPM-M-PAPM --- hybrid fiber FSO (HFFSO) link --- n/a