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In Japan, as a large number of sewer lines approach and exceed their design service life, rehabilitation of these ageing sewers to ensure their safe operation and upgrade their functions gains urgence. In this pioneering work, Z. Shi, M. Nakano and Y. Takahashi present a systematic treatment of structural analysis and renovation design of ageing sewers as semi-composite pipes, including testing and construction guidelines. The concept of a semi-composite pipe and the application of fracture mechanics of concrete in numerical modelling are the two distinctive features of the established design theories, which have been employed for sewer renovation in Japan for more than 20 years, with the total length of renovation construction now exceeding 700 km. The leading authors have engaged in designing the renovation of ageing sewers since the mid 1990s, and the book will become a valuable reference work for sewer engineers worldwide, and academics and students in civil, urban and architectural engineering departments.

Sewerage --- Maintenance and repair. --- semi-composite pipe, sewer renovation.

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"The central objective of the International Year of Sanitation was to put the global community on track to achieve the Millennium Development Goals MDG sanitation target. However, one year later, it is still difficult to keep sanitation high on the agenda, while practical action is required to encourage demand driven and sustainable solutions. With the support of the German Ministry for Development and Cooperation and together with the European Investment Bank EIB and the French Development Agency AFD, KfW organised a two day Symposium to specifically address ways in which financing institutions can better promote the achievement of the MDG sanitation target. More than 70 experts from various backgrounds explored the challenges of sanitation and discussed ways to further develop innovative financing mechanisms for improved hygiene, sanitation and wastewater management in low-income countries. Four thematic areas were tackled by detailed background papers, presentations and high-level open floor discussions. Session 1: Financing Change in Personal Hygiene Behaviour and Demand Creation for Sanitation Motivation This section contains a rapid review of past experiences in developed countries and the evolution of methods used in developing countries to change hygiene and sanitation behaviors, including successes and failures. Relative costs and impacts, the role of institutional arrangements and actors, as well as approaches for linking hygiene behavior change and sanitation demand creation (so called software investments) with hardware investments are examined. Finally, considerations and opportunities for development banks and other financing agencies to become engaged in the scale-up of hygiene behavior change and sanitation demand creation approaches which have demonstrated success are presented. Session 2: Targeting the Poor with Facilities and Improved Services Motivation The interventions that can help poor people to access sanitation goods and services are examined. The focus is on three types of interventions: the use of low-cost technologies, the use of micro-credit and the use of targeted public finance (or subsidies) to reduce the funding gap that poor people face to meet the capital and recurrent costs of sustainable sanitation. Targeted public finance, performance assessment, effectiveness, sustainability, public funding strategies and performance are analysed. Session 3: Urban Spaces - How to Provide and Finance Service to Peri-urban Areas New approaches to meet sanitation challenges arising from absolute population growth and rapid urbanization are examined from a technical point of view. Simplified solutions and semi-centralised supply and treatment systems are examined in detail and with the help of examples. Session 4: The Potential Role of Utilities in Sanitation Provision for Peri-urban Areas and Poor Target Groups The question why sanitation service provision by local government authorities is poor is addressed. Examples of how water supply and sanitation utilities are being encouraged to support peri-urban areas and poor target groups with the provision of sanitation services are provided. The difficulties of utilities to provide piped water and sewers in a commercially viable manner is addressed. The role of local government authorities, of the regulatory framework, of education and public awareness is highlighted. A theme that appeared in all four sessions concerned the process of project design by development banks. Recommendations to improve it in order to best tackle sanitation issues were as follows: 1. address the entire sanitation chain 2. plan for all urban areas including informal housing areas and slums 3. ensure the sustainable operation of all sections of the sanitation chain (long-term effectiveness). For the full proceedings and the main findings and recommendations, please visit www.iwaponline.com to download free of charge."

Industrial applications of scientific research & technological innovation --- Water supply & treatment --- sanitation --- finance --- developing countries --- hygiene --- Behavior change (public health) --- Local government --- Poverty --- Sewerage --- Subsidy --- Water supply

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The generation of wastes as a result of human activities has been continuously speeding up since the beginning of the industrial revolution. Hence, both optimized waste water treatment technologies and modern tools to assess the effects of pollution sources are necessary to prevent the contamination of aquatic ecosystems The book offers an interdisciplinary collection of topics concerning waste water treatment technologies, water quality monitoring and evaluation of waste water impact on natural environments. We hope that this publication will be helpful for graduate students, environmental professionals and researchers of various disciplines related to waste water.

Sewage --- Sewage disposal. --- Sewerage. --- Purification. --- House drainage --- Sewers --- Drainage, House --- Hydraulic structures --- Municipal engineering --- Sanitary engineering --- Underground utility lines --- Drainage --- Plumbing --- Waste disposal --- Refuse and refuse disposal --- Effluent treatment --- Purification of sewage --- Sewage treatment --- Water treatment --- Disinfection --- Hydrology & the hydrosphere

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Impacts of Climate Change on Rainfall Extremes and Urban Drainage Systems provides a state-of-the-art overview of existing methodologies and relevant results related to the assessment of the climate change impacts on urban rainfall extremes as well as on urban hydrology and hydraulics. This overview focuses mainly on several difficulties and limitations regarding the current methods and discusses various issues and challenges facing the research community in dealing with the climate change impact assessment and adaptation for urban drainage infrastructure design and management

Rainfall anomalies. --- Drainage --- Climatic changes --- Changes, Climatic --- Changes in climate --- Climate change --- Climate change science --- Climate changes --- Climate variations --- Climatic change --- Climatic fluctuations --- Climatic variations --- Global climate changes --- Global climatic changes --- Climatology --- Climate change mitigation --- Teleconnections (Climatology) --- Anomalies, Rainfall --- Fluctuations, Rainfall --- Rainfall fluctuations --- Precipitation anomalies --- Rain and rainfall --- Land drainage --- Agricultural engineering --- Hydraulic engineering --- Reclamation of land --- Sanitary engineering --- Sewerage --- Environmental aspects. --- Environmental aspects --- Global environmental change

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This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue Recent Advances in Water Management: Saving, Treatment and Reuse that was published in Water

anaerobic processes --- risk assessment --- B. adusta --- environmental education --- foreign countries --- ornamental plants --- filter media --- Pb(II) --- passive treatment systems --- lignin --- oxygen injection --- water treatment --- guidelines --- microbiological quality --- membrane technology --- contaminated sites --- pulp-and-paper-mill c --- milk production --- wastewater --- efficiency --- forest waste --- vertical flow --- emerging contaminant --- decomposition analysis --- active sites --- water --- sustainability --- water treatment technology --- adsorption thermodynamic --- surface water --- agricultural occupations --- zeolite --- conservation --- trickling filter --- hydrogen sulfide --- nitrification --- organic matter --- constructed wetlands --- sewerage --- water recycling --- treated wastewater reuse --- advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) --- odor control --- anammox bacteria --- wastewater treatment --- ferrous iron --- combined sewer --- surveys --- occurrence --- denitrification --- research and development strategy --- carbamazepine toxicity --- global patent data --- activated carbon adsorption --- China --- food industry --- COD --- palm mulch --- ferrous sulfide --- nano illite/smectite clay --- pharmaceuticals --- footprint --- conventional treatment processes --- anticorrosive agent --- pumping mains --- adsorption kinetics --- swine wastewater --- P. crysosporium --- micropollutant removal --- tezontle --- delignification --- partitioning --- white rot fungi --- river --- anaerobic digester --- benzotriazole