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In Ancient Households of the Americas archaeologists investigate the fundamental role of household production in ancient, colonial, and contemporary households. Several different cultures-Iroquois, Coosa, Anasazi, Hohokam, San Agustín, Wankarani, Formative Gulf Coast Mexico, and Formative, Classic, Colonial, and contemporary Maya-are analyzed through the lens of household archaeology in concrete, data-driven case studies. The text is divided into three sections: Section I examines the spatial and social organization and context of household production; Section II looks at the role and results of households as primary producers; and Section III investigates the role of, and interplay among, households in their greater political and socioeconomic communities. In the past few decades, household archaeology has made substantial contributions to our understanding and explanation of the past through the documentation of the household as a social unit-whether small or large, rural or urban, commoner or elite. These case studies from a broad swath of the Americas make Ancient Households of the Americas extremely valuable for continuing the comparative interdisciplinary study of households.

Indians --- Land settlement patterns. --- Antiquities

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Beginning about A.D. 1250, the Zuni area of New Mexico witnessed a massive population aggregation in which the inhabitants of hundreds of widely dispersed villages relocated to a small number of large, architecturally planned pueblos. Over the next century, twenty-seven of these pueblos were constructed, occupied briefly, and then abandoned. Another dramatic settlement shift occurred about A.D. 1400, when the locus of population moved west to the "Cities of Cibola" discovered by Coronado in 1540. Keith W. Kintigh demonstrates how changing agricultural strategies and developing mechanisms of social integration contributed to these population shifts. In particular, he argues that occupants of the earliest large pueblos relied on runoff agriculture, but that gradually spring-and river-fed irrigation systems were adopted. Resultant strengthening of the mechanisms of social integration allowed the increased occupational stability of the protohistorical Zuni towns.

Land settlement patterns. --- Patterns, Land settlement --- Settlement patterns --- Human geography --- Land settlement --- Society & culture: general

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The archaeological remains at Howick consist of a Mesolithic hut site and an Early Bronze Age cist cemetery located on a modern cliff edge overlooking a small estuary. This volume is devoted solely to the reporting and interpretation of the Mesolithic remains. Three huts had been constructed on the Howick site, all on the same footprint, with no evidence to indicate a gap between these occupations, and the remains inside the hut were all consistent with its use as a habitation site. The lithic material from Howick is the most accurately dated assemblage from any British Mesolithic site and is

Excavations (Archaeology) -- England -- Northumberland. --- Howick Site (England). --- Land settlement patterns, Prehistoric -- England -- Northumberland. --- Mesolithic period -- England -- Northumberland. --- Northumberland (England) -- Antiquities. --- Mesolithic period --- Land settlement patterns, Prehistoric --- Excavations (Archaeology) --- Anthropology --- Social Sciences --- Prehistoric Anthropology --- Archaeological digs --- Archaeological excavations --- Digs (Archaeology) --- Excavation sites (Archaeology) --- Ruins --- Sites, Excavation (Archaeology) --- Archaeology --- Prehistoric land settlement patterns --- Middle Stone age --- Stone age --- Northumberland (England) --- Antiquities. --- Northumberland --- County of Northumberland (England) --- Tyne and Wear (England) --- England --- Antiquities --- Howick Site (England)

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Cet ouvrage rend compte de l’approche pluridisciplinaire de deux sites mésolithiques du Jura : Choisey et Ruffey-sur-Seille. La part importante de l’étude paléoenvironnementale a permis de préciser le cadre chronostratigraphique des occupations humaines, elles-mêmes étudiées sous l’aspect technologique (24 000 pièces), de l’approvisionnement en matière première puis de l’organisation spatiale Une étude de la faune et d’une des plus anciennes sépultures à incinération viennent compléter l’étude typologique de l’industrie lithique et permettent de conclure sur le rôle de carrefour de la Franche-Comté quant aux appartenances culturelles de ces campements de chasseurs du Mésolithique. A combination of paleo-environmental and archaeological analytical methods has provided information on Ruffey and Choisey-sur-Seille, two open-air sites from the Mesolithic period. It has thus been possible to determine the environmental framework of the camps. Study of finds distribution, stone-tool industry, the origins of flint raw materials and faunal remains has enabled archaeologists to reconstruct the camps’ spatial organisation and to better de fine the cultural identity of hunter groups Excavations at Ruffey produced a significant discovery one of the oldest cremation burials from the middle Sauveterrian. Evidence of different cultural groups passing through the Bresse area of the Jura confirms the Franche- Comlé’s rote as a crossroads.

Mesolithic period --- Land settlement patterns, Prehistoric --- Excavations (Archaeology) --- Bresse (France : Region) --- Antiquities. --- Archaeological digs --- Archaeological excavations --- Digs (Archaeology) --- Excavation sites (Archaeology) --- Ruins --- Sites, Excavation (Archaeology) --- Archaeology --- Prehistoric land settlement patterns --- Middle Stone age --- Stone age --- La Bresse (France : Region) --- économie --- paléoenvironnement --- culture --- plaine alluviale --- cadre chronostratigraphique --- organisation spatiale --- paléohydrologie --- sépulture à incinération --- technologie lithique --- unité d’activité

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Gerritsen's study investigates how small groups of people 'households, or local communities' constitute and represent their social identity by shaping the landscape around them. Examining things like house building and habitation, cremation and burial, and farming and ritual practice, Gerritsen develops a new theoretical and empirical perspective on the practices that create collective senses of identity and belonging. An explicitly diachronic approach reveals processes of cultural and social change that have previously gone unnoticed, providing a basis for a much more dynamic history of the late prehistoric inhabitants of this region.

History of Belgium and Luxembourg --- Prehistory --- Human settlements --- Land settlement patterns, Prehistoric --- Prehistoric peoples --- Cavemen (Prehistoric peoples) --- Early man --- Man, Prehistoric --- Prehistoric archaeology --- Prehistoric human beings --- Prehistoric humans --- Human beings --- Antiquities, Prehistoric --- Prehistoric land settlement patterns --- Habitat, Human --- Human habitat --- Settlements, Human --- Human ecology --- Human geography --- Population --- Sociology --- Land settlement --- Europe, Western --- Antiquities. --- Homme préhistorique --- Colonisation intérieure --- Etablissements humains --- Types préhistoriques --- Europe de l'Ouest --- Antiquités --- Primitive societies --- archeologie --- archeology