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This book is a general introduction to the statistical analysis of networks, and can serve both as a research monograph and as a textbook. Numerous fundamental tools and concepts needed for the analysis of networks are presented, such as network modeling, community detection, graph-based semi-supervised learning and sampling in networks. The description of these concepts is self-contained, with both theoretical justifications and applications provided for the presented algorithms.Researchers, including postgraduate students, working in the area of network science, complex network analysis, or social network analysis, will find up-to-date statistical methods relevant to their research tasks. This book can also serve as textbook material for courses related to thestatistical approach to the analysis of complex networks.In general, the chapters are fairly independent and self-supporting, and the book could be used for course composition “à la carte”. Nevertheless, Chapter 2 is needed to a certain degree for all parts of the book. It is also recommended to read Chapter 4 before reading Chapters 5 and 6, but this is not absolutely necessary. Reading Chapter 3 can also be helpful before reading Chapters 5 and 7. As prerequisites for reading this book, a basic knowledge in probability, linear algebra and elementary notions of graph theory is advised. Appendices describing required notions from the above mentioned disciplines have been added to help readers gain further understanding.
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The celebrated information bottleneck (IB) principle of Tishby et al. has recently enjoyed renewed attention due to its application in the area of deep learning. This collection investigates the IB principle in this new context. The individual chapters in this collection: • provide novel insights into the functional properties of the IB; • discuss the IB principle (and its derivates) as an objective for training multi-layer machine learning structures such as neural networks and decision trees; and • offer a new perspective on neural network learning via the lens of the IB framework. Our collection thus contributes to a better understanding of the IB principle specifically for deep learning and, more generally, of information–theoretic cost functions in machine learning. This paves the way toward explainable artificial intelligence.
information theory --- variational inference --- machine learning --- learnability --- information bottleneck --- representation learning --- conspicuous subset --- stochastic neural networks --- mutual information --- neural networks --- information --- bottleneck --- compression --- classification --- optimization --- classifier --- decision tree --- ensemble --- deep neural networks --- regularization methods --- information bottleneck principle --- deep networks --- semi-supervised classification --- latent space representation --- hand crafted priors --- learnable priors --- regularization --- deep learning
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Machine learning is extending its applications in various fields, such as image processing, the Internet of Things, user interface, big data, manufacturing, management, etc. As data are required to build machine learning networks, sensors are one of the most important technologies. In addition, machine learning networks can contribute to the improvement in sensor performance and the creation of new sensor applications. This Special Issue addresses all types of machine learning applications related to sensors and imaging. It covers computer vision-based control, activity recognition, fuzzy label classification, failure classification, motor temperature estimation, the camera calibration of intelligent vehicles, error detection, color prior model, compressive sensing, wildfire risk assessment, shelf auditing, forest-growing stem volume estimation, road management, image denoising, and touchscreens.
star image --- image denoising --- reinforcement learning --- maximum likelihood estimation --- mixed Poisson–Gaussian likelihood --- machine learning-based classification --- non-uniform foundation --- stochastic analysis --- vehicle–pavement–foundation interaction --- forest growing stem volume --- coniferous plantations --- variable selection --- texture feature --- random forest --- red-edge band --- on-shelf availability --- semi-supervised learning --- deep learning --- image classification --- machine learning --- explainable artificial intelligence --- wildfire --- risk assessment --- Naïve bayes --- transmission-line corridors --- image encryption --- compressive sensing --- plaintext related --- chaotic system --- convolutional neural network --- color prior model --- object detection --- piston error detection --- segmented telescope --- BP artificial neural network --- modulation transfer function --- computer vision --- intelligent vehicles --- extrinsic camera calibration --- structure from motion --- convex optimization --- temperature estimation --- BLDC --- electric machine protection --- touchscreen --- capacitive --- display --- SNR --- stylus --- laser cutting --- quality monitoring --- artificial neural network --- burr formation --- cut interruption --- fiber laser --- semi-supervised --- fuzzy --- noisy --- real-world --- plankton --- marine --- activity recognition --- wearable sensors --- imbalanced activities --- sampling methods --- path planning --- Q-learning --- neural network --- YOLO algorithm --- robot arm --- target reaching --- obstacle avoidance
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Tribology has been and continues to be one of the most relevant fields, being present in almost all aspects of our lives. The understanding of tribology provides us with solutions for future technical challenges. At the root of all advances made so far are multitudes of precise experiments and an increasing number of advanced computer simulations across different scales and multiple physical disciplines. Based upon this sound and data-rich foundation, advanced data handling, analysis and learning methods can be developed and employed to expand existing knowledge. Therefore, modern machine learning (ML) or artificial intelligence (AI) methods provide opportunities to explore the complex processes in tribological systems and to classify or quantify their behavior in an efficient or even real-time way. Thus, their potential also goes beyond purely academic aspects into actual industrial applications. To help pave the way, this article collection aimed to present the latest research on ML or AI approaches for solving tribology-related issues generating true added value beyond just buzzwords. In this sense, this Special Issue can support researchers in identifying initial selections and best practice solutions for ML in tribology.
artificial intelligence --- machine learning --- artificial neural networks --- tribology --- condition monitoring --- semi-supervised learning --- random forest classifier --- self-lubricating journal bearings --- reduced order modelling --- dynamic friction --- rubber seal applications --- tensor decomposition --- laser surface texturing --- texturing during moulding --- digital twin --- PINN --- reynolds equation --- triboinformatics --- databases --- data mining --- meta-modeling --- monitoring --- analysis --- prediction --- optimization --- fault data generation --- Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) --- Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) --- bearing fault diagnosis --- unbalanced datasets --- tribo-testing --- tribo-informatics --- natural language processing --- tribAIn --- BERT --- amorphous carbon coatings --- UHWMPE --- total knee replacement --- Gaussian processes --- rolling bearing dynamics --- cage instability --- regression --- neural networks --- random forest --- gradient boosting --- evolutionary algorithms --- rolling bearings --- remaining useful life --- feature engineering --- structure-borne sound --- n/a
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This book aims to provide a new vision of how algorithms are the core of decision support systems (DSSs), which are increasingly important information systems that help to make decisions related to unstructured and semi-unstructured decision problems that do not have a simple solution from a human point of view. It begins with a discussion of how DSSs will be vital to improving the health of the population. The following article deals with how DSSs can be applied to improve the performance of people doing a specific task, like playing tennis. It continues with a work in which authors apply DSSs to insect pest management, together with an interactive platform for fitting data and carrying out spatial visualization. The next article improves how to reschedule trains whenever disturbances occur, together with an evaluation framework. The final works focus on different relevant areas of DSSs: 1) a comparison of ensemble and dimensionality reduction models based on an entropy criterion; 2) a radar emitter identification method based on semi-supervised and transfer learning; 3) design limitations, errors, and hazards in creating very large-scale DSSs; and 4) efficient rule generation for associative classification. We hope you enjoy all the contents in the book.
semi-supervised learning --- transfer learning --- radar emitter --- decision support systems --- population health management --- big data --- machine learning --- deep learning --- personalized patient care --- Nonlinear regression --- interactive platform --- component-based approach --- software architecture --- Eclipse-RCP (Rich Client Platform) --- spatial prediction --- rule-based expert systems --- tennis hitting technique --- computer algebra systems --- Groebner bases --- Boolean logic --- data envelopment analysis --- dimensionality reduction --- ensembles --- exhaustive state space search --- entropy --- associative classification --- class association rule --- vertical data representation --- classification --- algorithm evaluation --- parallel algorithms --- multi-objective optimization --- train rescheduling --- very large-scale decision support systems --- very large-scale data and program cores of information systems --- meta-database --- teleological meta-database --- thematic list --- indicators list --- computational methods list --- geographically dispersed systems --- external sources
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Artificial intelligence techniques, such as expert systems, fuzzy logic, and artificial neural network techniques have become efficient tools in modeling and control applications. For example, there are several benefits in optimizing cost-effectiveness, because fuzzy logic is a methodology for the handling of inexact, imprecise, qualitative, fuzzy, and verbal information systematically and rigorously. A neuro-fuzzy controller generates or tunes the rules or membership functions of a fuzzy controller with an artificial neural network approach. There are new instantaneous power theories that may address several challenges in power quality. So, this book presents different applications of artificial intelligence techniques in advanced high-tech electronics, such as applications in power electronics, motor drives, renewable energy systems and smart grids.
droop curve --- frequency regulation --- fuzzy logic --- the rate of change of frequency --- reserve power --- smart grid --- energy Internet --- convolutional neural network --- decision optimization --- deep reinforcement learning --- electric load forecasting --- non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II --- multi-layer perceptron --- adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system --- meta-heuristic algorithms --- automatic generation control --- fuzzy neural network control --- thermostatically controlled loads --- back propagation algorithm --- particle swarm optimization --- load disaggregation --- artificial intelligence --- cognitive meters --- machine learning --- state machine --- NILM --- non-technical losses --- semi-supervised learning --- knowledge embed --- deep learning --- distribution network equipment --- condition assessment --- multi information source --- fuzzy iteration --- current balancing algorithm --- level-shifted SPWM --- medium-voltage applications --- multilevel current source inverter --- motor drives --- phase-shifted carrier SPWM --- STATCOM --- electricity forecasting --- CNN–LSTM --- very short-term forecasting (VSTF) --- short-term forecasting (STF) --- medium-term forecasting (MTF) --- long-term forecasting (LTF) --- asynchronous motor --- linear active disturbance rejection control --- error differentiation --- vector control --- renewable energy --- solar power plant --- Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) --- Fuzzy Analytical Network Process (FANP) --- Fuzzy Theory
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Due to advent of sensor technology, hyperspectral imaging has become an emerging technology in remote sensing. Many problems, which cannot be resolved by multispectral imaging, can now be solved by hyperspectral imaging. The aim of this Special Issue "Hyperspectral Imaging and Applications" is to publish new ideas and technologies to facilitate the utility of hyperspectral imaging in data exploitation and to further explore its potential in different applications. This Special Issue has accepted and published 25 papers in various areas, which can be organized into 7 categories with the number of papers published in every category included in its open parenthesis. 1. Data Unmixing (2 papers)2. Spectral variability (2 papers)3. Target Detection (3 papers)4. Hyperspectral Image Classification (6 papers)5. Band Selection (2 papers)6. Data Fusion (2 papers)7. Applications (8 papers) Under every category each paper is briefly summarized by a short description so that readers can quickly grab its content to find what they are interested in.
biodiversity --- peatland --- vegetation type --- classification --- hyperspectral --- in situ measurements --- hyperspectral image (HSI) --- multiscale union regions adaptive sparse representation (MURASR) --- multiscale spatial information --- imaging spectroscopy --- airborne laser scanning --- minimum noise fraction --- class imbalance --- Africa --- agroforestry --- tree species --- hyperspectral unmixing --- endmember extraction --- band selection --- spectral variability --- prototype space --- ensemble learning --- rotation forest --- semi-supervised local discriminant analysis --- optical spectral region --- thermal infrared spectral region --- mineral mapping --- data integration --- HyMap --- AHS --- raw material --- remote sensing --- nonnegative matrix factorization --- data-guided constraints --- sparseness --- evenness --- hashing ensemble --- hierarchical feature --- hyperspectral classification --- band expansion process (BEP) --- constrained energy minimization (CEM) --- correlation band expansion process (CBEP) --- iterative CEM (ICEM) --- nonlinear band expansion (NBE) --- Otsu’s method --- sparse unmixing --- local abundance --- nuclear norm --- hyperspectral detection --- target detection --- sprout detection --- constrained energy minimization --- iterative algorithm --- adaptive window --- hyperspectral imagery --- recursive anomaly detection --- local summation RX detector (LS-RXD) --- sliding window --- band selection (BS) --- band subset selection (BSS) --- hyperspectral image classification --- linearly constrained minimum variance (LCMV) --- successive LCMV-BSS (SC LCMV-BSS) --- sequential LCMV-BSS (SQ LCMV-BSS) --- vicarious calibration --- reflectance-based method --- irradiance-based method --- Dunhuang site --- 90° yaw imaging --- terrestrial hyperspectral imaging --- vineyard --- water stress --- machine learning --- tree-based ensemble --- progressive sample processing (PSP) --- real-time processing --- image fusion --- hyperspectral image --- panchromatic image --- structure tensor --- image enhancement --- weighted fusion --- spectral mixture analysis --- fire severity --- AVIRIS --- deep belief networks --- deep learning --- texture feature enhancement --- band grouping --- hyperspectral compression --- lossy compression --- on-board compression --- orthogonal projections --- Gram–Schmidt orthogonalization --- parallel processing --- anomaly detection --- sparse coding --- KSVD --- hyperspectral images (HSIs) --- SVM --- composite kernel --- algebraic multigrid methods --- hyperspectral pansharpening --- panchromatic --- intrinsic image decomposition --- weighted least squares filter --- spectral-spatial classification --- label propagation --- superpixel --- semi-supervised learning --- rolling guidance filtering (RGF) --- graph --- deep pipelined background statistics --- high-level synthesis --- data fusion --- data unmixing --- hyperspectral imaging
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This book presents interesting samples of theoretical and practical advances of symmetry in multidisciplinary engineering applications. It covers several applications, such as accessibility and traffic congestion management, path planning for mobile robots, analysis of shipment service networks, fault diagnosis methods in electrical circuits and electrical machines, geometrical issues in architecture, geometric modeling and virtual reconstruction, design of noise detectors, filters, and segmentation methods for image processing, and cyclic symmetric structures in turbomachinery applications, to name but a few. The contributions included in this book depict the state of the art in this field and lay the foundation for the possibilities that the study of symmetry has in multidisciplinary applications in the field of engineering.
edge preserving --- fault diagnosis --- accessibility --- urban traffic planning --- sensitivity analysis --- graphic modelling --- Coalbrookdale (Shropshire) --- mobile robot --- asymmetry --- convexity/concavity --- flying buttresses --- vibration --- time-space network --- linearization technique --- friction damping --- adaptive threshold --- ring damper --- broad learning model --- Hilbert transform --- express shipment --- symmetry --- traffic control --- railcar flow distribution --- optimization --- industrial archaeology --- high order urban hospitals (HOUHs) --- thin-walled gear --- rampant arch --- traffic congestion --- railway transportation --- robots --- virtual reconstruction --- feature selection --- geometric modeling --- path search --- industrial heritage --- weighted mean filter --- topology --- A* algorithm --- traffic forecasting --- feature interaction --- classification --- peaks distribution --- rolling bearings --- noise detector --- 3D slicer --- inclined plane --- computing applications --- environmental modeling --- extension --- service network design --- evaluation model --- anomaly detection --- random forest --- local preserving projection --- complex networks --- computer engineering --- electronic devices --- BP neural network --- mechanical structures --- segmentation --- lifting wavelet --- semi-supervised random forest --- railway network --- cathedral --- local monotonicity --- aged --- optimum --- path planning --- local data features --- local inflection --- conditional mutual information --- energy dissipation --- support vector machine --- variational mode decomposition --- Agustín de Betancourt --- optimization criteria --- tumor --- trip impedance based on public transportation --- Fisher linear discriminant analysis --- synchronization --- clustering --- geometry --- electrical circuits --- random value impulse noise
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The reprint focuses on artificial intelligence-based learning approaches and their applications in remote sensing fields. The explosive development of machine learning, deep learning approaches and its wide applications in signal processing have been witnessed in remote sensing. The new developments in remote sensing have led to a high resolution monitoring of ground on a global scale, giving a huge amount of ground observation data. Thus, artificial intelligence-based deep learning approaches and its applied signal processing are required for remote sensing. These approaches can be universal or specific tools of artificial intelligence, including well known neural networks, regression methods, decision trees, etc. It is worth compiling the various cutting-edge techniques and reporting on their promising applications.
Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- Environmental science, engineering & technology --- pine wilt disease dataset --- GIS application visualization --- test-time augmentation --- object detection --- hard negative mining --- video synthetic aperture radar (SAR) --- moving target --- shadow detection --- deep learning --- false alarms --- missed detections --- synthetic aperture radar (SAR) --- on-board --- ship detection --- YOLOv5 --- lightweight detector --- remote sensing image --- spectral domain translation --- generative adversarial network --- paired translation --- synthetic aperture radar --- ship instance segmentation --- global context modeling --- boundary-aware box prediction --- land-use and land-cover --- built-up expansion --- probability modelling --- landscape fragmentation --- machine learning --- support vector machine --- frequency ratio --- fuzzy logic --- artificial intelligence --- remote sensing --- interferometric phase filtering --- sparse regularization (SR) --- deep learning (DL) --- neural convolutional network (CNN) --- semantic segmentation --- open data --- building extraction --- unet --- deeplab --- classifying-inversion method --- AIS --- atmospheric duct --- ship detection and classification --- rotated bounding box --- attention --- feature alignment --- weather nowcasting --- ResNeXt --- radar data --- spectral-spatial interaction network --- spectral-spatial attention --- pansharpening --- UAV visual navigation --- Siamese network --- multi-order feature --- MIoU --- imbalanced data classification --- data over-sampling --- graph convolutional network --- semi-supervised learning --- troposcatter --- tropospheric turbulence --- intercity co-channel interference --- concrete bridge --- visual inspection --- defect --- deep convolutional neural network --- transfer learning --- interpretation techniques --- weakly supervised semantic segmentation --- n/a
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In many machine learning applications, available datasets are sometimes incomplete, noisy or affected by artifacts. In supervised scenarios, it could happen that label information has low quality, which might include unbalanced training sets, noisy labels and other problems. Moreover, in practice, it is very common that available data samples are not enough to derive useful supervised or unsupervised classifiers. All these issues are commonly referred to as the low-quality data problem. This book collects novel contributions on machine learning methods for low-quality datasets, to contribute to the dissemination of new ideas to solve this challenging problem, and to provide clear examples of application in real scenarios.
open contours --- similarly shaped fish species --- Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) --- Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) --- Extreme Learning Machines (ELM) --- feature engineering --- small data-sets --- optimization --- machine learning --- preprocessing --- image generation --- weighted interpolation map --- binarization --- single sample per person --- root canal measurement --- multifrequency impedance --- data augmentation --- neural network --- functional magnetic resonance imaging --- independent component analysis --- deep learning --- recurrent neural network --- functional connectivity --- episodic memory --- small sample learning --- feature selection --- noise elimination --- space consistency --- label correlations --- empirical mode decomposition --- sparse representations --- tensor decomposition --- tensor completion --- machine translation --- pairwise evaluation --- educational data --- small datasets --- noisy datasets --- smart building --- Internet of Things (IoT) --- Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) --- ontology --- graph model --- Artificial Neural Network --- Discriminant Analysis --- dengue --- feature extraction --- sound event detection --- non-negative matrix factorization --- ultrasound images --- shadow detection --- shadow estimation --- auto-encoders --- semi-supervised learning --- prediction --- feature importance --- feature elimination --- hierarchical clustering --- Parkinson’s disease --- few-shot learning --- permutation-variable importance --- topological data analysis --- persistent entropy --- support-vector machine --- data science --- intelligent decision support --- social vulnerability --- gender-gap --- digital-gap --- COVID19 --- policy-making support --- artificial intelligence --- imperfect dataset
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