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Dienstorientierte Architekturen werden ihr volles Potenzial nur dann entfalten können, wenn es gelingt, Dienste fallweise und zur Laufzeit einzubinden. Hierdurch entstünde eine weitaus robustere und besser an den Kontext angepasste Architektur, da ungeeignete Dienstgeber dynamisch ausgetauscht werden könnten. Ziel der Arbeit war daher die Schaffung einer semantischen Dienstbeschreibungssprache, die als Grundlage für eine solche Dienstnutzung dienen kann.
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This volume is a reprint of the Special Issue "Theory and Application of Web 3.0 in the Media Sector". Launched to highlight vital multidisciplinary perspectives, the SI's contents are both theory- and application-oriented. The advancements of computational processing and storage capacities (at affordable or decreasing costs), the evolution of content compression techniques, and the constant update of networking infrastructures led to the domination of the so-called User-Generated Content (UGC). The proliferation of mobile devices, offering inherent networking with enhanced content capturing and sharing capabilities, also fueling the models of Participatory and Citizens' Journalism. Thus, the interest has shifted to semantic services, purposing, among others, to automate content production, publishing, validation, documentation, and management. Such technological solutions have already entered the media sector, with their successful growth and elaboration requiring multidisciplinary effort supported by digital literacy initiatives. Nevertheless, further research is needed for the transition to the new media era in which algorithmic automations and semantic services will serve their original purposes, helping both media professionals and broader audiences. A total of 11 contributions were published within this volume, enlightening various aspects of contemporary Web 3.0 services from both technological/algorithmic and conceptual/social science approaches.
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In this book we show how semantic technologies and in particular the use of ontologies can be employed to address a number of typical challenges in distributed information systems: First, we illustrate how ontologies enable the integration of information across heterogeneous nodes. Second, we show how ontology evolution allows dealing with the dynamics in the information in a consistent manner. Third, we present a model for ontologybased coordination using semantic overlay networks.
Semantic Web --- Semantic Technologies --- Ontologies --- Information Systems --- Information Integration
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In this book (Volume I), 13 papers have been published on different topics of the wide research areas of Semantic Web and Recommender systems. These papers have been carefully selected based on the peer review of several respectful reviewers organized by MDPI's BDCC journal. This issue has attracted well-known international research teams, who we would like to thank for their work.
Semantic Web. --- Semantic integration (Computer systems) --- Semantic networks (Information theory) --- World Wide Web --- Microformats
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Ranking - the algorithmic decision on how relevant an information artifact is for a given information need and the sorting of artifacts by their concluded relevancy - is an integral part of every search engine. In this book we investigate how structured Web data can be leveraged for ranking with the goal to improve the effectiveness of search. We propose new solutions for ranking using on-the-fly data integration and experimentally analyze and evaluate them against the latest baselines.
search --- information retrieval --- web data --- semantic search
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What does it mean to say that an object or system computes? What is it about laptops, smartphones, and nervous systems that they are considered to compute, and why does it seldom occur to us to describe stomachs, hurricanes, rocks, or chairs that way? Though computing systems are everywhere today, it is very difficult to answer these questions. The book aims to shed light on the subject by arguing for the semantic view of computation, which states that computing systems are always accompanied by representations. This view is presented as an alternative to non-semantic views such as the mechanistic account of computation.
Computers --- Computer science --- Semantic computing. --- Philosophy.
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As the amount of biological and its diversity accumulates massively there is a critical need to facilitate the integration of this data to allow new and unexpected conclusions to be drawn from it. The Semantic Web is a new wave of web-based technologies that allows the linking of data between diverse data sets via standardised data formats ("big data"). Semantic Biology is the application of semantic web technology in the biological domain (including medical and health informatics). The Special Topic welcomes papers in this very broad area, including not only ontologies (development and applications), but also text mining, data integration and data analysis making use of the technologies of the Semantic Web. Ontologies are a critical requirement for such integration as they allow conclusions drawn about biological experiments, or descriptions of biological entities, to be understandable and integratable despite being contained in different databases and analysed by different software systems. Ontologies are the standard structures used in biology, and more broadly in computer science, to hold standardized terminologies for particular domains of knowledge. Ontologies consist of sets of standard terms, which are defined and may have synonyms for ease of searching and to accommodate different usages by different communities. These terms are linked by standard relationships, such as “is a” (an eye “is a” sense organ) or “part of” (an eye is “part of” a head). By linking terms in this way, more detailed, or granular, terms can be linked to broader terms, allowing computation to be carried out that takes these relationships into account.
Telecommunications --- Electrical & Computer Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Semantic Web --- data representation --- data analysis --- ontologies --- semantic biology
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For speaking, words in the lexicon are somehow activated from conceptual representations but we know surprisingly little about how this works precisely. Which of the attributes of the concept DOG (e.g. BARKS, IS WALKED WITH A LEASH, CARNIVORE, ANIMATE) have to be activated in a given situation to be able to select the word ‘dog’? Are there things we know about dogs that are always activated for naming and others that are only activated in certain contexts or even never? To date, investigations on lexical access in speaking have largely focused on the effects of distractor nouns on the naming latency of a target noun. We have learned that distractors from the same semantic category (e.g. ‘cat’) hinder naming, but associatively related distractors (‘leash’) may facilitate or hinder naming. However, associatively related words can have all kinds of semantic relationships to a target word, and, with few exceptions, the effects of specific semantic relationships other than membership in the same category as the target concept have not been systematically investigated. This special issue aims at moving forward towards a more detailed account of how precisely conceptual information is used to access the lexicon in speaking and what corresponding format of conceptual representations needs to be assumed.
conceptual representations --- concepts --- word production --- Language production --- semantic semantics --- semantic distracters
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Die Bestimmung der Haltbarkeitsdauer kosmetischer Emulsionen ist von großem industriellen Interesse. Bisherige Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Stabilität von Emulsionen sind nur sehr bedingt auf langzeitstabile Emulsionen anwendbar.In dieser Arbeit wurde erstmals eine optische Zentrifuge zur Vorhersage der Langzeitstabilität von kosmetischen Emulsionen eingesetzt.Diese Methode erfordert keine Wiederholungsmessungen und wurde sowohl auf W/O- als auch auf O/W-Emulsionen angewandt.
Semantic Web --- Wissensmanagement --- Verbandstheorie --- Formale Begriffsanalyse --- Data Mining --- Terminologische Logik
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This work introduces Relational Exploration, a method for acquiring complete relational knowledge about a domain of interest by successively consulting a domain expert without ever asking redundant questions. This is achieved by combining Description Logics (DL) and Formal Concept Analysis (FCA): DL formalisms are used for defining FCA attributes while FCA exploration techniques are deployed to obtain or refine DL knowledge specifications.
Semantic Web --- Wissensmanagement --- Verbandstheorie --- Formale Begriffsanalyse --- Data Mining --- Terminologische Logik
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