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Earle Christmas Grafton Page (1880-1961) - surgeon, Country Party leader, treasurer and prime minister - was perhaps the most extraordinary visionary to hold high public office in twentieth-century Australia. Over decades, he made determined efforts to seize 'the psychological moment', and thereby realise his vision of a decentralised, regionalised and rationally ordered nation. Page's unique dreaming of a very different Australia encompassed new states, hydroelectricity, economic planning, cooperative federalism and rural universities. His story casts light on the wider place in history of visions of national development. He was Australia's most important advocate of developmentalism, the important yet little-studied stream of thought that assumes that governments can lead the nation to realise its economic potential. His audacious synthesis of ideas delineated and stretched the Australian political imagination. Page's rich career confirms that Australia has long inspired popular ideals of national development, but also suggests that their practical implementation was increasingly challenged during the twentieth century. Effervescent, intelligent and somewhat eccentric, Page was one of Australia's great optimists. Few Australian leaders who stood for so much have since been so neglected.

Politicians --- Prime ministers --- Statesmen --- Public officers --- Chancellors (Prime ministers) --- Chief ministers (Prime ministers) --- First ministers (Prime ministers) --- Premiers (Prime ministers) --- Cabinet officers --- Heads of state --- Page, Earle, --- Australia --- Politics and government --- Social conditions. --- Economic conditions.

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Teaching Mathematics is nothing less than a mathematical manifesto. Arising in response to a limited National Curriculum, and engaged with secondary schooling for those aged 11 ̶ 14 (Key Stage 3) in particular, this handbook for teachers will help them broaden and enrich their students’ mathematical education. It avoids specifying how to teach, and focuses instead on the central principles and concepts that need to be borne in mind by all teachers and textbook authors—but which are little appreciated in the UK at present. This study is aimed at anyone who would like to think more deeply about the discipline of ‘elementary mathematics’, in England and Wales and anywhere else. By analysing and supplementing the current curriculum, Teaching Mathematics provides food for thought for all those involved in school mathematics, whether as aspiring teachers or as experienced professionals. It challenges us all to reflect upon what it is that makes secondary school mathematics educationally, culturally, and socially important.

Mathematics --- Study and teaching (Secondary) --- key stage 3 --- mathematics --- teaching --- secondary education --- principles and concepts --- secondary school --- Arithmetic --- Fraction (mathematics) --- Geometry --- Integer --- Line (geometry) --- Prime number --- Rectangle

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According to Carl Friedrich Gauss (1777–1855), mathematics is the queen of the sciences—and number theory is the queen of mathematics. Numbers (integers, algebraic integers, transcendental numbers, p-adic numbers) and symmetries are investigated in the nine refereed papers of this MDPI issue. This book shows how symmetry pervades number theory. In particular, it highlights connections between symmetry and number theory, quantum computing and elementary particles (thanks to 3-manifolds), and other branches of mathematics (such as probability spaces) and revisits standard subjects (such as the Sieve procedure, primality tests, and Pascal’s triangle). The book should be of interest to all mathematicians, and physicists.

quantum computation --- IC-POVMs --- knot theory --- three-manifolds --- branch coverings --- Dehn surgeries --- zeta function --- Pólya-Hilbert conjecture --- Riemann interferometer --- prime numbers --- Prime Number Theorem (P.N.T.) --- modified Sieve procedure --- binary periodical sequences --- prime number function --- prime characteristic function --- limited intervals --- logarithmic integral estimations --- twin prime numbers --- free probability --- p-adic number fields ℚp --- Banach ∗-probability spaces --- C*-algebras --- semicircular elements --- the semicircular law --- asymptotic semicircular laws --- Kaprekar constants --- Kaprekar transformation --- fixed points for recursive functions --- Baker’s theorem --- Gel’fond–Schneider theorem --- algebraic number --- transcendental number --- standard model of elementary particles --- 4-manifold topology --- particles as 3-Braids --- branched coverings --- knots and links --- charge as Hirzebruch defect --- umbral moonshine --- number of generations --- the pe-Pascal’s triangle --- Lucas’ result on the Pascal’s triangle --- congruences of binomial expansions --- primality test --- Miller–Rabin primality test --- strong pseudoprimes --- primality witnesses

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Le marché des matières premières n'a jusqu'alors pas fait l'objet d'une réflexion approfondie de la part des historiens et des archéologues, alors que ces produits jouaient un rôle important dans l'économie des sociétés anciennes. Surtout, l'étude comparative des conditions de circulation et des modalités d'échange, nécessaire pour mieux cerner les modes sociaux d'organisation des marchés, n'a jamais été entreprise à l'échelle du bassin méditerranéen et pour une ample séquence chronologique, de l'Antiquité romaine au Moyen Âge tardif. C'est une telle étude qu'ambitionne de réaliser le volume. Il considère les lieux d'échange et de stockage, la circulation des matières premières (produits naturels bruts : pierres et roches décoratives, terres, laine, bois, argile, etc., ou produits issus d'une première phase de traitement : alun, métaux, terres cuites architecturales, etc.) et les acteurs des échanges.

E-books --- Commodity exchanges --- Raw materials --- Commerce --- History. --- History --- Matières premières --- Transport --- Matières premières --- transport --- antiquité --- moyen âge --- histoire --- commerce --- matières premières --- Comercio --- materias primas --- commercio --- materie prime --- Europe --- Council of Europe countries --- Eastern Hemisphere --- Eurasia

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Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg, Reichskanzler von 1909 bis 1917, gilt als eine der umstrittensten Figuren der Geschichte des 20. Jahrhunderts. Sein Privatnachlass in Hohenfinow nordöstlich von Berlin wurde beim Vormarsch der Roten Armee 1945 vernichtet. Ziel der Edition ist es, die verschollenen Dokumente zu rekonstruieren. Etwa 2000 Stück, die meisten unveröffentlicht, konnten in verschiedenen Archiven ausfindig gemacht werden, z. B. im Politischen Archiv des Auswärtigen Amtes und im Bundesarchiv Berlin. Sie korrigieren das Bild dieses in der deutschen und internationalen Geschichtswissenschaft zumeist verkannten Kriegskanzlers in zahlreichen wesentlichen Zügen. Bethmann Hollweg verfügte über einen tiefen Blick in die Bewegungen der Zeit. Diesen ausgeprägten Vorausblick hatten in der neueren deutschen Geschichte neben ihm nur ganz wenige Kanzler wie Bismarck und Adenauer. / "Imperial Chancellor Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg 1909-1921" -- Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg was Imperial Chancellor from 1909 to 1917. His private papers were destroyed when the Red Army advanced towards Berlin in spring 1945. The purpose of the book is to reconstruct the documents that got lost. The editor collected about 2000 pieces, mostly unpublished, in a number of archives, among them the Archives of the German Foreign Ministry and of the Imperial Chancellery in Berlin. The documents show Bethmann Hollweg in a new light. They testify that he is one of the most high-standing political figures of 20th-century German and European history.

Prime ministers --- Bethmann-Hollweg, Theobald von, --- Germany --- Politics and government --- Chancellors (Prime ministers) --- Chief ministers (Prime ministers) --- First ministers (Prime ministers) --- Premiers (Prime ministers) --- Cabinet officers --- Heads of state --- Hollweg, Theobald von Bethmann, --- Von Bethmann Hollweg, Theobald, --- Alemania --- Ashkenaz --- BRD --- Bu̇gd Naĭramdakh German Uls --- Bundesrepublik Deutschland --- Deguo --- 德国 --- Deutsches Reich --- Deutschland --- Doitsu --- Doitsu Renpō Kyōwakoku --- Federal Republic of Germany --- Federalʹna Respublika Nimechchyny --- FRN --- Gėrman --- German Uls --- Герман Улс --- Germania --- Germanii︠a︡ --- Germanyah --- Gjermani --- Grossdeutsches Reich --- Jirmānīya --- KhBNGU --- Kholboony Bu̇gd Naĭramdakh German Uls --- Nimechchyna --- Repoblika Federalin'i Alemana --- República de Alemania --- República Federal de Alemania --- Republika Federal Alemmana --- Vācijā --- Veĭmarskai︠a︡ Respublika --- Weimar Republic --- Weimarer Republik --- ХБНГУ --- Германия --- جرمانيا --- ドイツ --- ドイツ連邦共和国 --- ドイツ レンポウ キョウワコク --- Germany (East) --- Germany (Territory under Allied occupation, 1945-1955) --- Germany (Territory under Allied occupation, 1945-1955 : British Zone) --- Germany (Territory under Allied occupation, 1945-1955 : French Zone) --- Germany (Territory under Allied occupation, 1945-1955 : Russian Zone) --- Germany (Territory under Allied occupation, 1945-1955 : U.S. Zone) --- Germany (West) --- Holy Roman Empire