Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Nanostructured materials exploit physical phenomena and mechanisms that cannot be derived by simply scaling down the associated bulk structures and phenomena; furthermore, new quantum effects come into play in nanosystems. The exploitation of these emerging nanoscale interactions prompts the innovative design of nanomaterials. Understanding the behavior of materials on all length scales—from the nanostructure up to the macroscopic response—is a critical challenge for materials science. Modern analytical technologies based on synchrotron radiation (SR) allow for the non-destructive investigation of the chemical, electronic, and magnetic structure of materials in any environment. SR facilities have developed revolutionary new ideas and experimental setups for characterizing nanomaterials, involving spectroscopy, diffraction, scatterings, microscopy, tomography, and all kinds of highly sophisticated combinations of such investigation techniques. This book is a collection of contributions addressing several aspects of synchrotron radiation as applied to the investigation of chemical, electronic, and magnetic structure of nanostructured materials. The results reported here provide not only an interesting and multidisciplinary overview of the chemicophysical investigations of nanostructured materials carried out by state-of-the-art SR-induced techniques, but also an exciting glance into the future perspectives of nanomaterial characterization methods.

binding energies --- electrochemical impedance spectroscopy --- laser heating --- crystallization kinetics --- Ge(001)-2 --- supercapacitor materials --- in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy --- thermal expansion --- XPS --- self-assembling peptides --- multilayers --- magnetic annealing --- metallic glasses --- synchrotron radiation --- micro-mesoporous carbon electrode --- nuclear forward scattering --- NEXAFS --- synchrotron radiation induced spectroscopies --- bioactive materials --- nanostructures --- thin films --- cyclic voltammetry --- room temperature ionic liquids --- titanium alloy --- synchrotron pump-probe powder scattering --- thermal conductivity

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

The development of materials from industrial wastes has attracted the attention of the research community for years. A material's physico-chemical characteristics have specific impacts its properties and their application in environmental, energetic, and biomedical areas, such as in pollutant removal; CO2 capture; energy storage; catalytic oxidation and reduction processes; the conversion of biomass to biofuels; and drug delivery. Examples of such materials are activated carbons, clays, and zeolites, among others. The aim of this Special Issue is to collect the recent advances and progresses developed in this field considering valorised materials from industrial wastes and their applications in environmental, energetic, and biomedical areas.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- biomass gasification --- agricultural residues --- cogeneration plant --- life cycle assessment --- environmental impact --- greenhouse gas --- kinetics --- polyolefins --- aerobic biodegradation --- waste plastic materials --- biodegradation of plastic --- standard plastic testing --- gas explosion --- equivalent stoichiometric cloud --- Q9 --- explosion risk assessment --- model evaluation --- precoat layer --- precoat filtration --- cellulose fibres --- filter aids --- backwash filtration --- filter regeneration --- filter media resistance --- filter cake resistance --- turbidity --- particle layer --- LNG vapour --- dispersion --- hazard distances --- CFD --- topography --- phase change --- cold venting --- municipal solid waste --- SWDS --- composting process --- DOC --- IPCC guidelines --- GHG emissions --- wastewater treatment --- natural clays --- emerging contaminants --- zeolite --- bentonite --- Daphnia magna --- adsorption --- copper --- ion exchange --- thiourea --- X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) --- reductive extraction --- resource recovery --- n/a

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Nanomaterials possess astonishing physical and chemical properties. They play a key role in the development of novel and effective drugs, catalysts, sensors, and pesticides, to cite just a few examples. Notably, the synthesis of nanomaterials is usually achieved with chemical and physical methods needing the use of extremely toxic chemicals or high-energy inputs. To move towards more eco-friendly processes, researchers have recently focused on so-called “green synthesis”, where microbial, animal-, and plant-borne compounds can be used as cheap reducing and stabilizing agents to fabricate nanomaterials. Green synthesis routes are cheap, environmentally sustainable, and can lead to the fabrication of nano-objects with controlled sizes and shapes—two key features determining their bioactivity.

anti-fungal --- chitosan --- graphene oxide --- n/a --- energy density --- sponges --- Escherichia coli --- filariasis --- titanium dioxide nanoparticles --- synthetic amorphous silica (SAS) --- green synthesis --- ionic nanocomplexes --- methylene blue --- cacao --- mesoporous materials --- polyol-assisted fluoride ions slow-release strategy --- stored product insects --- polyarginine --- solvothermal synthesis --- agricultural pests --- time dependence --- magnetic nanomaterials --- in vitro testing --- poly-L-lactic acid --- Raman spectroscopy --- sample preparation --- self-assembly --- solid carbon spheres --- crystallographic phase control --- microwave injured cells --- CuInS2 --- antimicrobial --- ZnO NPs --- Scadoxus multiflorus --- lipase --- mosquito control --- biocatalysis --- hyaluronic acid --- hybrid nanoflowers --- Desulfovibrio desulfuricans --- reduced graphene oxide --- ovicidal --- enzyme immobilization --- palladium nanoparticles --- non-cytotoxic --- photocatalysis --- insecticides --- ultrasonic dispersing (USD) --- X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy --- cell proliferation --- CVD process --- NaYF4 mesocrystals --- microwave energy --- leaf --- dengue --- hollow carbon spheres --- gum kondagogu --- functionalization --- silver nanoparticles --- larvicidal --- nanostructured --- plasma --- electrical conductivity --- larvicides --- TEM --- nanomaterials (NMs) --- carbon spheres

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

This book is a selection of manuscripts devoted to the conservation and preservation of wooden cultural heritage. The articles present the new methods for conservation of various historical wooden artefacts, reliable modern techniques for characterisation of the wood structure, properties and degree of degradation, and discusses problems and doubts related to all aspects of conservation and re-conservation of wooden cultural heritage. It contains both review and research papers to give the readers a broader picture of the problems and issues related to the conservation of wooden historical objects and structures. We need to remember that wooden cultural heritage is an integral part of our culture and history that define our humanity. We are obliged to protect it, save it from oblivion, and preserve it for future generations.

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) --- X-ray diffraction (XRD) --- dynamic vapor sorption (DVS) --- archaeological wood --- wood conservation and preservation --- piles --- waterlogged wood --- soft rot --- decay --- microscopy --- degraded wood --- silane --- FT-IR --- alkoxysilanes --- wood-silane interactions --- wood stabilisation --- wood conservation --- silane treatment --- reliquary --- electron microscopy --- wood --- restoration --- halloysite nanotubes --- Nanhai No. 1 shipwreck --- waterlogged archaeological wood (WAW) --- wood properties --- microbial composition --- gap-fillers --- gap-filling materials --- wooden artefacts --- wood exposed outdoors --- microballoons --- resins --- glass beads --- cellulose powder --- binders --- hygrothermal performance --- timber buildings --- cultural heritage --- numerical simulations --- monitoring and sensors --- climate models --- fungi identification --- mold growth modelling --- soda lignin --- penetration --- infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) --- pyrolysis gas chromatography mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) --- scanning electron microscopy (SEM) --- historical wood --- wood degradation --- artefact --- heritage --- conservation --- cultural conservator --- consolidation --- sorption --- degradation --- drying --- PEG --- alum --- reburial --- in situ preservation --- medieval shipwreck --- charred wood --- chemical analysis --- EDS --- FTIR --- XRD --- proximate analysis --- PEG treatment --- acetic acid --- volatile emissions --- GC–MS --- marine archaeological wood --- moisture content --- polyethylene glycol --- computational modelling --- Mary Rose --- predictive model --- archaeological wooden structures --- structural analysis --- geodetic systems --- drying process --- heritage wood --- sustainability --- bio-based polymers --- consolidants

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Natural polymers are already used for a variety of biomedical applications, including drug delivery, wound healing, tissue engineering, biosensors, etc. However, they have also found other applications, for example, in the food industry, the pharmaceutical industry, as firefighting materials, water purification, etc. Different polysaccharide and protein-based systems have been developed. They each have their properties that render them useful for certain applications such as the water solubility of alginate, the thermo-sensitivity of chitosan, the abundance of cellulose and starch, or the cell adhesion and proliferation of gelatin and collagen. This Special Issue will explore the design, synthesis, processing, characterization, and applications of new functional natural-based polymers.

light conversion film --- cellulose acetate --- europium --- sensitization --- X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy --- surface plasmon resonance --- thin film --- quantum dot --- 4-(2-pyridylazo)resorcinol --- chitosan --- graphene oxide --- 3D printing --- carboxymethyl cellulose --- hydrogel --- lyophilization --- dissolution --- release model --- customization --- NO-donor --- topical release --- polymeric matrices --- microbial infections --- wound healing --- blood circulation --- semisynthetic polymers --- natural rubber --- rice husk ash --- alginate --- mechanical properties --- dielectric properties --- nanohydrogel --- food applications --- biopolymers --- polysaccharide --- neural network --- chicken feet --- sensorial quality --- food quality --- gelatine --- hyaluronic acid --- polyethylene oxide --- electrospinning --- nanofibers --- wound dressings --- pectin --- pectinase --- wheat bran --- banana peel --- Bacillus amyloliquefaciens --- prebiotics --- mucilage --- pectin polysaccharide --- Opuntia ficus-indica --- aloe vera --- acemannan --- Cactaceae --- Asphodelaceae --- porcine gastric mucin --- methacryloyl mucin --- double-cross-linked networks --- circular dichroism --- mechanical characterization --- date palm trunk mesh --- cellulose --- lignocellulosic waste --- alpha cellulose --- nanocellulose --- agro-byproduct --- Bacillus licheniformis --- bioconversion --- pomelo albedo --- sucrolytic --- lubricant --- tribology --- albumin deposition --- contact lens --- surface roughness --- bio-based polyurethanes --- prepolymers --- cellulose-derived polyol --- cellulose-citrate --- polyurethane composites --- poly(lactic acid) --- nanocomposites --- tannin --- lignin --- thermal degradation kinetics --- decomposition mechanism --- pyrolysis --- nanocomposite --- nanofertilizer --- slow release --- ammonia oxidase gene --- quantitative polymerase chain reaction --- microflora N cycle --- nutrient use efficiency --- soil N content --- aerogels --- cold plasma coating --- hydrophobization --- pore structure --- chitinous fishery wastes --- chitinase --- crab shells --- Paenibacillus --- N-acetyl-D-glucosamine --- phenol --- adhesive hydrogels --- nanomaterials --- surface modification --- latex --- lignocellulosic fibers --- conventional fillers --- CNC --- esterification reaction --- graft copolymerization --- hydrophobic modification --- flocculant --- crosslinking --- peptides --- glutaraldehyde --- specified risk materials --- laccase --- melanin --- decolorization --- natural mediators --- glycerol --- polymer electrolyte --- ionic conductivity --- biochemistry --- pH and rumen temperature --- protozoa --- zero valent iron --- nanoparticles --- ethylene glycol --- methylene blue --- polyhydroxyalkanoates --- poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate --- melt processing --- extrusion --- injection molding --- elongation at break --- crystallization --- DoE --- oil palm biomass waste --- anionic hydrogel --- swelling --- salt crosslinking agent --- CoNi nanocomposite --- cellulose paper --- antibacterial potential --- degradation --- annealing --- acetylation --- potato starch --- emulsion capacity --- FTIR --- Malva parviflora --- natural polymers --- physicochemical properties --- rheology --- birch wood --- pre-treatment --- process parameter --- lignocellulose --- 2-furaldehyde --- Komagataeibacter --- stretchable bacterial cellulose --- enhanced strain --- vitamin C --- collagen --- anisotropy --- electron irradiation --- tensile test --- activated carbon --- MnO2 --- Co NPs --- antibacterial activity --- hydrogels --- antimicrobial activities --- functionalized materials --- cellulose derivatives --- flexor tendon repair --- anti-inflammatory --- anti-adhesion --- antimicrobial --- polymer-based constructs --- biosorbent --- copper --- adsorption --- model studies --- aqueous medium --- biodegradable polymers --- chemical modification --- food packaging --- free radical polymerization --- superabsorbent --- water-retaining agent --- thermal properties --- Mimosa pudica mucilage --- extraction optimization --- Box-Behnken design --- response surface methodology --- pH-responsive on–off switching --- zero-order release --- antimicrobial activity --- bacterial cellulose --- cytotoxicity --- nisin --- stability