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Dear Readers, Oncolytic Viruses (OV) are self-propagating agents that can selectively induce the lysis of cancer cells while sparing normal tissues. OV-mediated cancer cell death is often immunogenic and triggers robust anticancer immune responses and immunoconversion of tumor microenvironments. This makes oncolytic virotherapy a promising new form of immunotherapy and OVs ideal candidates for combination therapy with other anticancer agents, including other immunotherapeutics. There are more than 40 OVs from nine different families in clinical development and many more at the preclinical stage. Each OV has its own unique characteristics, its pros and cons. Although herpes simplex virus is currently the lead clinical agent, a real champion among the OVs has not yet emerged, justifying the continuous development and optimization of these agents. This book, “Oncolytic Virus Immunotherapy”, summarizes the state-of-the-art and gives a comprehensive overview of the OV arena with a particular focus on new trends, directions, challenges, and opportunities.

oncolytic viruses --- melanoma --- immunotherapy --- checkpoint inhibitors --- combinatory therapy --- reovirus --- oncolytic virus --- adenovirus --- oncolytic --- virotherapy --- targeting --- immunogenic cell death --- αvβ6 integrin --- oncolytic adenovirus --- cancer immunotherapy --- multi-stage --- immunostimulatory --- arming --- HSV-1 --- clinical trials --- newcastle disease virus --- NDV --- cancer --- immune checkpoint inhibitor --- PD-1 --- PD-L1 --- CTLA-4 --- type I interferon --- herpes simplex virus --- retargeted virus --- tropism retargeting --- tumor --- checkpoint inhibitor --- vaccination --- antigen-agnostic vaccination --- HER2 --- parvovirus --- tumor microenvironment --- combination therapy --- glioblastoma --- pancreatic cancer --- colorectal cancer --- measles virus --- vector engineering --- immune checkpoint blockade --- antitumor immune response --- delivery --- genetic modification --- biomarkers --- personalized oncolyticvirotherapy --- class I HLA --- immunosurveillance --- immunoediting --- oncogenic signaling --- RAS --- DNA methyltransferase inhibitor (DNMTi) --- viral mimicry --- epigenetic silencing --- adoptive T cell therapy --- CAR T cell --- pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma --- vesicular stomatitis virus --- small molecule --- cancer immune therapy --- cancer therapy --- n/a

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International migration, particularly to Europe, has increased in the last few decades, making research on aspects of this phenomenon, including numbers, challenges, and successes, particularly vital. This Special Issue highlights this necessary and relevant area of research. It presents 37 articles including studies on diverse topics relating to the health of refugees and migrants. Most articles (28) present studies focusing on European host countries. The focus on Europe is justified if we take into consideration the increased number of refugees and migrants who have come to Europe in recent years. However, there are also articles which present studies from countries in other continents. The topics discussed in the Issue include healthcare utilization, infectious diseases, mother and child health, mental health, and chronic diseases. Finding from the included articles indicate that further development of guidelines and policies at both local and international levels is needed. Priorities must be set by encouraging and funding in-depth research that aims to evaluate the impact of existing policies and interventions. Such research will help us formulate recommendations for the development of strategies and approaches that improve and strengthen the integration of migrants and refugees into the host countries.

young women --- healthcare system strengthening --- asylum --- migrant --- Tensta --- knowledge --- disparities --- health systems --- sexual and reproductive health --- schistosomiasis/schistosoma --- tuberculosis --- Africa --- pregnancy --- lifestyle behavior --- understanding of illness --- chronic disease --- treatment --- refugees women --- access --- hepatitis C --- communicable diseases --- linkage --- early trauma --- intercultural competence --- refugee and migrant (R&M) health --- immigrants --- help-seeking behavior --- medical care --- European Union --- CHB --- screening --- refugees --- infectious diseases --- Portuguese --- religiosity --- reception center --- discrimination --- HBV --- AIDS --- complementary feeding --- Italy --- training --- applicants for international protection --- VPD --- vegetable --- multidimensional intercultural training acculturation model (MITA) --- health care provision --- overweight --- health care --- North Korean refugees --- path analysis --- pain --- traumatic events --- Middle Eastern refugee adolescents --- pain perception --- migrants --- migration --- asylum seeker --- economic recession --- n/a --- education --- mental health --- migrant populations --- infant --- Greece --- triage --- health care professionals --- North African --- ambulance --- refugee crisis --- immigrant mothers --- Southeast Europe --- negative automatic thoughts --- refugee health --- cost effectiveness --- Germany --- vaccination --- care --- infection --- inequalities --- healthcare --- prevalence --- asylum seekers --- immigrant --- involuntary treatment --- family-oriented societies --- European Union (EU) --- immigration --- sexual violence --- health --- aggression --- systematic review --- protective factor --- economic crisis --- emergency medical service --- preparedness --- HIV --- culture --- refugee --- Chinese --- immunisation strategies --- breastfeeding --- vaccine hesitancy --- Rinkeby --- health survey --- primary healthcare system --- MMR vaccination --- strongyloidiasis/strongyloides --- psychiatric hospitalisation --- workplace violence --- psychiatric emergency services --- obesity --- sexual health --- medical service --- Europe --- refugee and migrant women --- emergency department --- experiences --- National Health System --- adolescent --- GRADE --- emergency care --- migrant health --- stigma --- fruit --- viral hepatitis elimination --- alcohol consumption --- Electronic Health Insurance Card --- disease prevention --- acute stress --- smoking --- post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) --- public health --- Polish --- confidence --- access to care --- LTBI --- risk factor --- autism --- IGRA --- physical activity --- doctor --- psychiatric hospitalization --- infectious disease --- screening/diagnosis --- failed asylum seekers --- depression --- measles --- Minority Health. --- Health Disparate, Minority and Vulnerable Populations. --- Refugees. --- Emigrants and Immigrants. 0 https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D054242 --- Social Conditions. --- Living Conditions --- Condition, Living --- Condition, Social --- Conditions, Living --- Conditions, Social --- Living Condition --- Social Condition --- Asylum Seekers --- Displaced Persons --- Internally Displaced Persons --- Political Asylum Seekers --- Political Refugees --- Asylum Seeker --- Asylum Seeker, Political --- Asylum Seekers, Political --- Displaced Person --- Displaced Person, Internally --- Displaced Persons, Internally --- Internally Displaced Person --- Person, Displaced --- Persons, Displaced --- Political Asylum Seeker --- Political Refugee --- Refugee --- Refugee, Political --- Refugees, Political --- Seeker, Asylum --- Seekers, Asylum --- Seekers, Political Asylum --- Health Disparate Populations --- Health Disparity Populations --- Health Disparity, Minority and Vulnerable Populations --- Minority Populations --- Health Disparate Population --- Health Disparity Population --- Minority Population --- Population, Health Disparate --- Population, Health Disparity --- Population, Minority --- Minority Health and Health Disparities Research and Education Act of 2000 --- Health, Minority --- Minority Groups --- Emigrants and Immigrants. --- Aliens --- Foreigners --- Emigrants --- Immigrants --- Alien --- Emigrant --- Foreigner --- Immigrant --- Immigrants and Emigrants --- Emigration and Immigration --- Health Disparate Minority and Vulnerable Populations.