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Using natural products and developing pharmaceutical drugs are emerging topics to reduce blood cholesterol levels for preventing heart disease and stroke. Covering recent progresses in cholesterol-lowering drugs and therapy, this book describes the natural and pharmaceutical products that are in clinical uses to lower cholesterol and lipids and compares these drugs in responses to different diseases such as homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia, atherosclerosis, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. The relationship between ethnicity and cholesterol-lowering drug responses is also reviewed. Each chapter is a building block for the book, but each individual chapter is also a complete subject package for the readers. Researchers from basic and clinic science interested in lipid and cholesterol metabolism, regulation, and lowering will find this book very useful. Features: - Up-to-date information of the molecular mechanisms of cholesterol lowering, the drugs from natural and pharmaceutical products, and their associated therapeutic strategies in human diseases. - Discussion of the pathogenesis of several human diseases, which are associated with high cholesterol levels and evaluation of the results of different cholesterol-lowering drug treatment in these diseases. - Discussion of the combinations of cancer chemotherapy and cholesterol lowering in potential cancer treatment and cancer prevention by cholesterol-lowering drugs. - Critical analysis of the effect of ethnicity on responses to cholesterol-lowering drug therapy leading to rational dose adjustment of cholesterol-lowering drugs for different people use.
Hypercholesteremia. --- Cholesteremia --- Cholesterolemia --- Hypercholesterolemia --- Hyperlipidemia --- Blood cholesterol --- Medicine --- Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine --- Cardiac Electrophysiology --- Health Sciences
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Cardiovascular diseases are the first cause of death worldwide, in which genetic and environmental factors seem to play a determinant role. In fact, several lifestyle (i.e., dietary, physical inactivity) factors and nutritional-related diseases (i.e., obesity, type 2 diabetes) are strongly associated with cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, genome-wide association studies have also identified numerous genomic loci that determine susceptibility to cardiovascular events. Therefore, nutrition and genetics seem to interact in predisposing an individual to cardiovascular diseases. This book provides a presentation of recent advances in knowledge on nutrition, genetics, and cardiovascular disease coming from diverse scientific disciplines.
renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system --- tissue --- expression --- physiology --- dietary intake --- nutrition --- cardiovascular disease --- obesity --- hookah --- overweight --- shisha --- abdominal obesity --- weight management --- treatment --- adolescents --- arterial stiffness --- birth weight --- body-size trajectories --- cardio-metabolic health --- children --- growth --- intima-media thickness --- blood pressure --- acute rheumatic fever --- rheumatic heart diseases --- MT-CYB --- mutation --- Senegal --- hypercholesterolemia --- cluster of differentiation 14 --- rs2569190A> --- G --- single nucleotide polymorphisms --- association analysis --- n/a
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This special issue of JCM ‘The Prevention and Treatment of Atherosclerosis’ will walk the Readers across novel diagnostic achievements in atherosclerosis and contemporary actions towards optimizing therapy.Everything begins with diagnosis. Accurate diagnostic tools and tests are of utmost importance. Contemporary research on microparticles, non-coding RNAs, proteomic characterization, …, offers detailed molecular characteristics of athero-thrombosis.Prevention is equally important as treatment. The impact of eating habits in prophylaxis of many pathologies, including cardiovascular disease has been documented.Then new pharmacological agents. Managing hypercholesterolemia with PCSK9 inhibitors, shown great potential in efficient lipid lowering to achieve LDL-C treatment goals, as well as reduction in cardiovascular mortality and morbidity.However, therapeutic goals accomplishment requires supervision. Arising number of data support that cardiovascular risk prediction can be improved with imaging modalities displaying atheroma: carotid plaque ultrasonography, coronary calcium score, intravascular ultrasonography, and optical coherent tomography or many others.As atherosclerosis is a progressive disease, it comes the time for more radical management, including endovascular and surgical intervention. There is field for new stent and equipment technologies, new surgical and endovascular techniques, supervision of endovascular procedures with IVUS, OCT, functional flow assessment or cell therapy.From diagnosis to risk stratification, elaborated prevention models, finally to modern and optimized therapeutic intervention.
familial hypercholesterolemia --- genetic screening --- atherosclerosis prevention --- early detection --- atherosclerosis --- cigarette smoking --- miR-27b --- peripheral artery disease --- subclinical atherosclerosis --- SCORE --- Framingham --- QRISK --- PROCAM --- cardiovascular risk --- pulse wave velocity --- intima media thickness --- malondialdehyde low-density lipoprotein --- high-risk plaque --- coronary computed tomography angiography --- statin --- cardiovascular risk factors --- heart failure --- major cardiac and cerebral ischemic events --- degenerative aortic stenosis --- risk stratification --- vascular resistance --- cardiovascular disease --- acute myocardial infarction --- intravascular imaging --- statins --- control-theoretic model --- logistic growth --- coronary artery disease --- fibrin clot --- fibrinolysis --- thromboembolism --- carotid intima-media complex --- carotid plaque --- major adverse cardiac and cerebral events --- prevention --- scores --- vitamin D --- myocardial infarction --- males --- Coronary Artery Surgery Study Score --- n/a
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The field of design and health, formerly known as the domain of healthcare design professionals, has now reached a turning point with the proliferation of a plethora of non-invasive wearable technologies, to provide the objective and near-real-time measurement of the impact of many features of the built environment on aspects of health, wellbeing and performance. In turn, new materials and the Internet of Things are allowing the development of smart buildings, which can interact with occupants to optimize their health, wellbeing, performance and overall experience. Companies that have previously focused on positioning themselves as “green” are now turning to positioning themselves in the marketplace as both green and healthy. This Special Issue will include articles that address new cutting edge technologies and materials at the interface between design and health, and review some of the latest findings related to studies which use these technologies. This SI will also suggest exciting future directions for the field. It will include articles which focus on the objective data gathered to document the effects of the built environment on health. Importantly, it will focus on the use of innovative methods of measurement, such as state-of-the-art wearable and environmental sensors, quantifying some aspects of health, such as stress and relaxation responses, activity, posture, sleep quality, cognitive performance and wellbeing outcomes. It will also examine the impacts of different elements of the built environment on these health and wellbeing outcomes. The published articles will focus on the design interventions informed by these measurements, along with innovative integrated building materials that can shape the design of built environments for better health, productivity, and performance. It will also address the return on investment (ROI) of such design interventions. This Special Issue will provide both the foundational knowledge and fundamentals for characterizing human health and wellbeing in the built environment, as well as the emerging trends and design methods for innovations in this field.
lifestyle --- mood states --- perceived restorativeness scale --- positive and negative affect schedule --- quality of life --- resilience --- restorative outcome scale --- Shinrin-yoku --- stress coping --- subjective vitality scale --- open spaces 2 --- CKD 3 --- renal function --- exercise --- obesity --- urban environment --- walkability --- active transportation --- college students --- supportive soundscape --- sonic environment --- nursing homes --- ageing --- dementia --- green spaces --- cardiovascular risk factors --- gender --- hypercholesterolemia --- hypertension --- diabetes --- bamboo forest therapy --- psychological responses --- physiological responses --- immune system --- violent crime --- urban parks --- greenspace --- green space --- scoping review --- systematic review --- literature review --- urban --- landscape --- brain --- visual --- green --- contemplative --- mental health --- well-being --- FAA --- EEG --- UGS --- depression --- human health --- built environment --- urban open space --- forest healing --- wellbeing --- psychology --- physiology
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Dyslipidemia, and particularly hypercholesterolemia, remains a main cardiovascular disease risk factor, partly reversible with the improvement of life-style, including dietary, habits. Even when a pharmacological treatment is begun, dietary support to lipid-lowering is always desired. This book will provide a selection of new evidence on the possible lipid-lowering effects of some dietary and medicinal plant components, reporting some interesting reviews, experimental data and results from clinical trials. The book is adapted for experts in nutrition but also for all scientists involved in cardiovascular disease prevention.
beta-glucan --- fiber --- lipid profile --- cholesterol --- intestinal function --- green tea --- epigallocatechin gallate --- chitosan --- microspheres --- Eudragit --- metabolic diseases --- LCD score --- CHNS --- dyslipidemia --- dietary factor --- plant based --- animal based --- Chinese adults --- nutraceuticals --- PCSK9 --- SREBP --- HNF1α --- berberine --- metabolic syndrome --- plant extracts --- natural antioxidant --- polyphenols --- bergamot --- blackcurrant --- liver steatosis --- ovariectomized --- phytoestrogen --- vitamin B12 --- healthy --- Saudi Arabia --- serum cholesterol --- serum triglycerides --- serum low density lipoprotein --- serum high density lipoprotein --- dietary intake --- lifestyle --- black raspberry --- excessive choline --- TMAO --- hypercholesterolemia --- hepatic inflammation --- review --- CVD --- cardiovascular health --- dietary fats --- dietary fiber --- phytosterols --- plant-based diet --- dietary pattern --- sustainability --- propolis --- formononetin --- gastric ulcer --- rats --- Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat leaves --- obesity --- lipidomics --- liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry --- phospholipid --- sphingolipid --- monacolins --- LDL-cholesterol --- red yeast rice --- clinical trial --- endothelial function --- alpha-linolenic acid --- flaxseed --- lipids --- omega-3 --- walnuts --- type 2 diabetes mellitus --- glibenclamide --- omega-3 fatty acids --- high fat diet --- transcription factors --- streptozotocin --- Armolipid Plus® --- nutraceutical --- supplementation --- blood pressure --- fasting plasma glucose --- n/a
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Oxidative stress and altered redox signaling have been described in a plethora of pathological conditions. Redox-active molecules can thus potentially be used to modulate the etiology/progression of such diseases. Recent advances in molecular biology and pharmacology have strengthened this area of research by providing novel mechanistic insights. This book compiles a collection of 13 articles, covering a range of topics from in vitro studies to clinical research, focused on the potential therapeutic effects of either natural or synthetic compounds, applicable to different redox-related diseases.
non-small cell lung cancer --- cisplatin --- apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 --- E3330 --- cytotoxicity --- apoptosis --- migration --- invasion --- oxidative stress --- sildenafil --- DNA damage --- systemic sclerosis --- bioactivity-based assays --- cyanidin --- metabolomics --- Rubus genus --- (poly)phenols --- yeast-based discovery platform --- withanolide --- breast cancer --- mitochondrial reactive oxygen species --- peroxiredoxin 3 --- pro-oxidant therapy --- thiostrepton --- GSH --- Cysteamine --- N-acetyl cysteine --- KEAP1 --- NRF2 --- ATF4 --- adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell --- amniotic membrane-derived mesenchymal stem cell --- antioxidants --- assisted reproductive technology --- conditioned medium --- embryo --- in vitro culture --- in vitro fertilization --- BAPN --- cell invasion --- EMT --- lysyl-oxidase --- lysyl-oxidase like 2 --- metastases --- inhibitors --- doxorubicin --- chemoresistance --- redox signaling --- nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) --- cancer therapy --- hydrogen sulfide --- reactive oxygen species --- H2S donors --- cardiorenal syndrome --- thiosulfate --- selenium-enriched Enterococcus faecium --- selenium-enriched Streptococcus thermophilus --- antioxidant capacity --- glutathione reductase --- glutathione peroxidase --- CD IGS rats --- lactic acid bacteria --- verbascoside --- hypercholesterolemia --- prostate cancer --- curcumin --- carnosic acid --- cell cycle --- OxPhos --- SGK1 --- n/a
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Nutritional epidemiology examines dietary or nutritional factors in relation to the occurrence of disease in various populations. It is a fact that substantial progress has been made in recent years in nutritional epidemiology. Compared to the practice during the 1990s, and with the improvements in data analytics, several new approaches are gaining ground. Results from a variety of large-scale studies in the field of nutrition epidemiology have substantially contributed toward the evidence used in guiding dietary recommendations for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases, metabolic disorders, some types of cancer, and other morbidities. In this Special Issue, we would like to bring readers closer to the state-of-the-art in the field by gathering papers covering different aspects of nutrition epidemiology from population-based observational studies. Topics of the submitted articles may, but not necessarily, include eating habits of various populations, especially of those not well-studied, such as in Africa, Oceania, South Americas, immigrants, minorities, as well as a variety of associations between nutrients/foods/food patterns and chronic diseases, like cardiovascular, diabetes, obesity, cancer, etc., and gene–nutrient and epigenome–nutrient interactions related to human health at all ages.
healthy diet indexes --- food intake --- apulia --- mind index --- dash index --- med-diet score --- dietary patterns --- eating restrictions --- food involvement --- adults --- obesity --- nutrition assessment --- diet survey --- dietary pattern analysis --- nutrient inadequacy --- overweight and obesity --- nutritional epidemiology --- nutrition transition --- pastoral nomadism --- Mongolia --- central Asia --- breakfast consumption --- breakfast composition --- children --- dietary intake --- dietary quality --- diet patterns --- cardiometabolic outcomes --- adiposity --- short-chain fatty acids --- BMI --- waist-to-height ratio --- fiber --- gut metagenome --- diet --- plant sterols --- stanols --- omega-3 fatty acids --- familial hypercholesterolemia --- nutritional status --- population survey --- oral frailty --- health behavior --- eating competence --- health outcomes --- validation --- questionnaire --- food consumption --- salty snack products --- students --- consumption --- salt intake --- health policies --- nutrition policies --- Europe --- primary care --- breakfast intake --- lifestyle behaviors --- sociodemographic factors
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The first national conference with international participation, “Fundamental aspects of atherosclerosis: scientific research for improving the technologies of personalized medicine”, was held in Novosibirsk on 15 October, 2021. The purpose of this conference was to disseminate the latest basic and clinical findings in the fields of etiology, clinical characteristics, and modern diagnostics and treatments of atherosclerosis among various relevant specialists. The conference was intended for practicing cardiologists, primary care physicians, medical geneticists, and physician–scientists. The conference included plenary sessions, specialty sessions, satellite symposia, an open competition for young scientists.
metalloproteinases --- calcification --- atherosclerosis --- multiplex assay --- coronary heart disease --- aspirin --- resistance --- non-sensitivity --- antiplatelet --- light transmission aggregometry --- Plateletworks® --- familial hypercholesterolemia --- targeted sequencing technologies --- multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification --- LDLR --- APOB --- ABCG5 --- APOC3 --- LPL --- SREBF1 --- rare variants --- coronary atherosclerosis --- ischemic heart disease --- saturated fatty acids --- monounsaturated fatty acids --- polyunsaturated fatty acids --- oxidative stress --- superoxide dismutase --- catalase --- glutathione peroxidase --- cumulative LDL-C level --- prognosis --- DNA methylation --- epigenetic age --- myocardial infarction --- acute coronary syndrome --- population --- nested case-control --- HAPIEE project --- HAPIEE study --- atrial fibrillation --- arterial hypertension --- obesity --- diabetes mellitus --- aging --- determinants --- prevalence --- Russian population cohort --- Cox regression analysis --- adiponectin --- leptin --- interleukin-6 --- epicardial adipose tissue --- perivascular adipose tissue --- circulating biochemical markers --- coronary atherosclerosis presence and severity --- integrated biomarker (i-BIO) --- validation --- visual markers --- lipoprotein(a) --- immune cells blood count --- n/a
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Acute kidney injury (AKI) is still associated with high morbidity and mortality incidence rates, and also bears an elevated risk of chronic kidney disease in the sequel. Whereas the kidney has a remarkable capacity for regeneration after injury and may recover completely depending on the type of renal lesions, the options for clinical intervention are restricted to fluid management and extracorporeal kidney support. The development of novel therapies to prevent AKI, to improve renal regeneration capacity after AKI, and to preserve renal function—in both the short- and long-term—is urgently needed. This Special Issue includes papers investigating the pathological mechanisms of renal inflammation and AKI and diagnostics using new biomarkers. Furthermore, experimental in vitro and in vivo studies examining potential new approaches to attenuate kidney dysfunction are included, as well as review articles.
inflammation --- chronic kidney disease --- anemia --- anemia of inflammation --- ESA hyporesponsiveness --- renal tubular epithelial cells --- macrophages --- lipocalin-2 --- iron --- cilastatin --- hypoxia inducible factor-1-α --- ischemia-reperfusion injury --- acute kidney injury --- cyclophilin A --- fibrosis --- renal fibrosis --- tubular necrosis --- preeclampsia --- podocytes --- VEGF --- FSGS --- proteinuria --- endocan --- ESM-1 --- renal replacement therapy --- kidney transplantation --- biomarker --- diabetic nephropathy --- focal segmental glomerulosclerosis --- innate immunity --- membranous nephropathy --- minimal change diseases --- TLR --- NOX1 --- ML171 --- reactive oxygen species --- ERK --- T cells --- glomerulonephritis --- chemokines --- renal disease --- DJ-1 --- ND-13 --- renal inflammation --- oxidative stress --- UUO --- autophagy --- apoptosis --- trehalose --- simvastatin --- endotoxin --- tubular apoptosis --- cytochrome C --- Bcl-XL --- survivin --- hypercholesterolemia --- xanthine oxidase --- NF-κB pathway --- tertiary lymphoid organs --- B cells --- BAFF --- kidney fibrosis --- myofibroblast activation --- extracellular matrix --- Hippo pathway --- verteporfin --- IgAN --- CKD --- progression --- ACEI --- corticosteroids --- costimulation --- coinhibition --- kidney transplant --- SPR --- protein binding affinity --- adaptive immunity --- epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition --- E. cava extracts --- dieckol --- spontaneously hypertensive rats --- angiotensin II --- n/a
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Contemporary healthcare trends indicate that many chronic and communicable diseases are related to lifestyle, stress, personal choices and systemic factors. In response to the shortfalls of modern medicine regarding the prevention of these diseases and the promotion of whole-person health, providers and consumers worldwide are exploring integrative, natural and complementary approaches to prevention, treatment and health promotion. These trends harbor the future of medicine. The issues of clinician burnout, high rates of adverse effects, high cost, and lack of rigorous methods to promote individual and collective immunity are addressed by leading physicians and scientists from around the world. The original research and reviews in this volume investigate efficacy, molecular mechanisms and hypotheses that suggest that traditional systems of medicine and health, e.g., Ayurveda, yoga, traditional Chinese medicine, and mind–body–lifestyle medicine, may offer preventive and cost-effective solutions to contemporary health care challenges. Integrating innovative health approaches with conventional medicine offers a whole system of medicine that encompasses the individual, family, community and environment—from single person to planetary health.
asthma --- diagnosis --- treatment strategies --- oxidative stress --- antioxidants --- microbiome --- Ayurveda --- gut bacteria --- diet --- lifestyle --- disease --- prevention --- integrative medicine --- Ayurgenomics --- genomics --- P4 medicine --- personalized medicine --- epigenetics --- genotype --- phenotype --- Prakriti --- doshas --- meditation --- focused attention --- open monitoring --- Transcendental Meditation --- antiviral --- medicinal plants --- pandemic --- SARS-CoV-2 --- zoonotic virus --- Artemisia --- Artemisinin --- ARTs --- phytochemicals --- chronic stress --- transcendental meditation --- gene expression --- energy metabolism --- biological aging --- epigenetic effects --- allostatic load --- complementary medicine --- plastic surgery --- anthroposophic medicine --- pandemic and women --- women and heart disease --- psychological effects of pandemic --- cardiac prevention --- risk of heart disease in women --- hypercholesterolemia --- ayurveda --- ayurvedic herbs --- systematic review --- meta-analysis --- integrative health --- whole-person health --- systems research --- reductionism --- complementary and alternative medicine --- healing --- healthcare transformation --- overview --- stroke --- vegetarian --- vegan --- dosha --- prakriti --- integrative nutrition --- n/a
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