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Doctoral thesis based on a corpus of thirty novelists or short story writers - including six women - and about one hundred and twenty novels and collections of short stories, The character of the woman in the novel and the short story in Egypt from 1914 to 1960 draws its guiding thread the following observation: the concepts of "novel" and "woman" are, so to speak, discoveries altogether new in Egypt of the XX th century, the traditions, whether political, moral or literary begin to be shaken by contact with Europe. Thus, Charles Vial maintains that the problem of the condition of women did not arise in Egypt from “within”, at a particular stage of its social evolution. It was imposed on him by his confrontation with the West in modern times. Starting from this axiom, it dialectically unfolds the evolution of female characters in Egyptian fictions, from their oppression to their liberation and their sublimation, which the author nevertheless intends to put into perspective. Far from promoting any kind of sexual fulfilment or social responsibility, writers prefer to free their character from “truly feminine” virtues. Some of them even detect in women dispositions for tyranny which they compare to the famous "feminine cunning" and they add to it a mysterious tendency to harm. There is a resurgence of long-held, old beliefs here, but perhaps also the more modern fear of a woman's revenge.

Égypte --- roman --- féminisme --- condition féminine --- litterature

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This book offers a specialized study focusing on the phenomenon of the female mystic and the divine feminine in the global Sufi experience. Drawing on classical and modern periods, it presents a considered approach to the topic from the disciplines of literature, history, religion, philosophy, language and linguistics, and anthropology. As each author offers their expertise in their respective fields, each article, therefore, whilst a standalone piece, contributes collectively to the multidisciplinary understanding of the female and the feminine in Sufi experience. The book addresses the topic from different points of view, showing the authors’ interest in subjectivity, literary and artistic productivity, as well as notable figures of importance, but narrows the purview of its examination to case studies, historical periods, and philosophical concerns of relevance. Focused areas of inquiry include the economic power of Sufi women in history; the hierophanic dialectics of mystical Islamic poetry with regard to “the feminine” experience in Yunus Emre; the ontology of the sacred feminine and female mystic in classical Sufi poiesis; the mystical autochthonous presence in local Sufi praxis of Indonesia; reconfigurations of gendered understanding in Argentinian Sufism; and symbolism and spiritual psychology in Sufi cosmology. This book is an interdisciplinary publication that brings together an international host of scholars from around the world, including University of Amsterdam, University of St Gallen, University of Haifa, Western Sydney University, Monash University, and Australian National University.

sacred feminine --- divine feminine in Sufism --- Sufi orders --- female saints --- female leadership in Sufism --- Dewi Anjani --- Nahdlatul Wathan --- Lombok --- Indonesia --- indigenous feminine --- Sufism --- female mystic --- divine feminine --- phenomenology --- history --- mysticism --- Aredvi Sura Anahita --- Mount Qaf --- Divine Feminine --- Xvarnah --- Khezr --- mystical experience --- Yunus Emre --- the Feminine --- hierophanic dialectics --- deconstruction --- literary analysis --- phenomenology of Sufi --- arfāq al-niswān (women’s donations) --- sisters --- mothers --- ḥaqq al-wālida (mother’s right) --- poverty --- charity --- khidma (service) --- Sufism in Latin America --- Islam in Latin America --- gender and Sufism --- Naqshbandiyya Haqqaniyya

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This original analysis of the representation and self-representation of women in literature and visual arts revolves around multiple early modern senses of "painting": the creation of visual art in the form of paint on canvas and the use of cosmetics to paint women's bodies. Situating her study in sixteenth- and seventeenth-century Italy, France, and England, Patricia Phillippy brings together three distinct actors: women who paint themselves with cosmetics, women who paint on canvas, and women and men who paint women—either with pigment or with words. Phillippy asserts that early modern attitudes toward painting, cosmetics, and poetry emerge from and respond to a common cultural history. Materially, she connects those who created images of women with pigment to those who applied cosmetics to their own bodies through similar mediums, tools, techniques, and exposure to toxic materials. Discursively, she illuminates historical and social issues such as gender and morality with the nexus of painting, painted women, and women painters.Teasing out the intricate relationships between these activities as carried out by women and their visual and literary representation by women and by men, Phillippy aims to reveal the delineation and transgression of women's creative roles, both artistic and biological. In Painting Women, Phillippy provides a cross-disciplinary study of women as objects and agents of painting.

Arts, European --- Cosmetics --- Feminine beauty (Aesthetics) --- Gender identity in art. --- Women in art. --- Social aspects --- Literature: history & criticism

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Passer devant un juge pour régler un conflit de couple est aujourd’hui chose banale. Mais banal ne veut pas dire récent. Le phénomène a une longue histoire, retracée ici dans le cadre de l’Europe occidentale préindustrielle, des Pays-Bas à l’Espagne et à l’Italie, de la France à la Roumanie, sans négliger les évolutions de la diaspora juive installée au sein de la société chrétienne. Partout, les infractions possibles à la loi qui définit le mariage se durcissent et les procès se multiplient devant les tribunaux laïques ou ecclésiastiques. Rapts, viols, mariages clandestins, adultères et toutes les formes de violences conjugales sont autant de chefs d’accusation maniés par la justice, mais le plus souvent à la demande du couple ou de sa parenté. La question est bien de savoir comment et pourquoi la justice a pu être utilisée, voire instrumentalisée comme une arme dans les querelles matrimoniales, et quel regard a pu être porté sur ces conflits où s’est en particulier joué le sort des femmes.

History --- Law --- justice --- procès matrimonial --- époux --- conflit conjugal --- infraction --- loi --- tribunal laïque --- tribunal ecclésiastique --- adultère --- violence conjugale --- chef d’accusation --- couple --- condition féminine

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Loin d'établir un énième bilan des avancées et des reculs de la place des femmes dans le monde arabo-musulman, les auteurs étudient comment la « question féminine » est révélatrice de l'état global des sociétés égyptiennes, marocaines et jordaniennes. Les volontés émancipatrices de la femme provoquent le débat. Cependant, le clivage n'est pas aussi net entre les « modernistes » et les « traditionalistes ». La mouvance islamique est à la fois un lieu de résistance aux changements et un terreau où s'expérimentent des formes d'affirmation de la condition féminine. Néanmoins, une fracture existe entre des élites féministes, dites « occidentalisées », et les courants islamistes, qui trouvent écho dans de larges secteurs de la population féminine.

Women --- Women in Islam --- Femmes --- Femmes dans l'Islam --- Social conditions --- Conditions sociales --- Feminism --- Emancipation of women --- Feminist movement --- Women's lib --- Women's liberation --- Women's liberation movement --- Women's movement --- Social movements --- Anti-feminism --- Human females --- Wimmin --- Woman --- Womon --- Womyn --- Females --- Human beings --- Femininity --- Emancipation --- islamisme --- Jordanie --- question féminine --- Égypte --- modernité --- féminisme --- condition féminine --- femmes