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Biofuels have recently attracted a lot of attention, mainly as alternative fuels for applications in energy generation and transportation. The utilization of biofuels in such controlled combustion processes has the great advantage of not depleting the limited resources of fossil fuels while leading to emissions of greenhouse gases and smoke particles similar to those of fossil fuels. On the other hand, a vast amount of biofuels are subjected to combustion in small-scale processes, such as for heating and cooking in residential dwellings, as well as in agricultural operations, such as crop residue removal and land clearing. In addition, large amounts of biomass are consumed annually during forest and savanna fires in many parts of the world. These types of burning processes are typically uncontrolled and unregulated. Consequently, the emissions from these processes may be larger compared to industrial-type operations. Aside from direct effects on human health, especially due to a sizeable fraction of the smoke emissions remaining inside residential homes, the smoke particles and gases released from uncontrolled biofuel combustion impose significant effects on the regional and global climate. Estimates have shown the majority of carbonaceous airborne particulate matter to be derived from the combustion of biofuels and biomass. “Production of Biofuels and Numerical Modelling of Chemical Combustion Systems” comprehensively overviews and includes in-depth technical research papers addressing recent progress in biofuel production and combustion processes. To be specific, this book contains sixteen high-quality studies (fifteen research papers and one review paper) addressing techniques and methods for bioenergy and biofuel production as well as challenges in the broad area of process modelling and control in combustion processes.

microalgae --- hydrothermal liquefaction --- pretreatment --- low O and N biocrude --- biodiesel --- esterification --- free fatty acids --- glycerol --- waste cooking oil --- Computational Fluid Dynamics --- two-stroke --- dual-fuel engine --- simulation --- pre-combustion chamber --- internal combustion engine --- particulate matter emissions --- biomorphic silicon carbide --- vegetal waste --- diesel particulate filter --- biocrude --- metal-oxide catalyst --- bioethanol --- dilute acid pretreatment --- enzymatic hydrolysis --- olive stones --- Pachysolen tannophilus --- response surface methodology --- compression ignition --- direct injection --- cryogenic gas --- diesel engines --- dual fuel engines --- natural gas --- greenhouse gas emissions --- particulate matter --- carotenoids --- extremophiles --- microalgal biotechnology --- eucalyptus kraft lignin --- tree leaf --- pellet --- additive --- biofuel --- circular economy --- piston bowl --- alternative fuel --- vanes --- emulsified biofuel --- combustion --- gasification --- olive --- olive oils --- olive-pruning debris --- olive pomaces --- pyrolysis --- biogas --- environmental impact --- life cycle assessment --- olive pomace --- sustainability --- TGA --- hemicellulose --- cellulose --- lignin --- pseudocomponent kinetic model --- biomass --- culture --- scale-up --- Phaeodactylum tricornutum --- burning characteristics --- fatty acid methyl ester --- added water content --- fuel structure --- distillation temperature --- layered double hydroxide --- toluene steam reforming --- tar --- Ni-based catalyst --- hydrotalcite --- hydrogen production --- n/a

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Clean energy and fuel storage are often required for both stationary and automotive applications. Some of these clean energy and fuel storage technologies currently under extensive research and development include hydrogen storage, direct electric storage, mechanical energy storage, solar–thermal energy storage, electrochemical (batteries and supercapacitors), and thermochemical storage. The gravimetric and volumetric storage capacity, energy storage density, power output, operating temperature and pressure, cycle life, recyclability, and cost of clean energy or fuel storage are some of the factors that govern efficient energy and fuel storage technologies for potential deployment in energy harvesting (solar and wind farms) stations and onboard vehicular transportation. This Special Issue thus serves the need for promoting exploratory research and development on clean energy and fuel storage technologies while addressing their challenges to practical and sustainable infrastructures.

MgH2 --- vertically oriented graphene --- gas loss --- concentrated solar power (CSP) --- complex hydrides --- PCM roof --- hydrogen storage systems --- slag --- bubbles transportation --- dye-sensitized solar cells --- undercooling --- methanogenesis --- electrochemical energy storage --- hydrogen storage --- Fischer–Tropsch --- state of charge estimator --- gas turbine engine --- simplified electrochemical model --- hot summer and cold winter area --- rock permeability --- flutter instability --- charge density --- binder --- salt cavern energy storage --- battery energy storage system --- capacitance --- LiNH2 --- ball milling --- production rate --- leaching tubing --- quality function deployment (QFD) --- nanocatalyst --- lab-scale --- thermal energy storage (TES) --- comprehensive incremental benefit --- lean direct injection --- Li-ion batteries --- separator --- four-point --- salt cavern --- low emissions combustion --- ionic liquid --- carbon materials --- nanocomposite materials --- electrical double layers --- recovery factor --- thermochemical energy storage --- Klinkenberg method --- flow-induced vibration --- cathode --- porous media --- metal hydride --- aquifer size --- diffusion --- auxiliary services compensation --- water invasion --- conjugate phase change heat transfer --- heat transfer enhancement --- failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) --- magnetism --- carbonate gas reservoirs --- equivalent loss of cycle life --- internal and reverse external axial flows --- thermal energy storage --- lithium-ion batteries --- bacterial sulfate reduction --- crystal growth rates --- optimal capacity --- gas storage --- energy discharge --- anode --- Ag nanoparticles --- regenerator --- hydrogen absorption --- freestanding TiO2 nanotube arrays --- material science --- extended kalman filter --- reactive transport modeling --- synthetic rock salt testing --- hydrogen energy storage --- lattice Boltzmann method --- dynamic modeling --- bubbles burst --- Power to Liquid --- large-scale wind farm --- PHREEQC