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L'hétérogénéité profonde des réalités dont les sciences sociales ont à se saisir crée du trouble, mais elle laisse surtout entrevoir de nouvelles lignes de recherche. Ce que nous pointons, ce n'est pas la variabilité qui émerge nécessairement d'une enquête empirique, et qu'un chercheur s'attache en partie à réduire. Ce ne sont pas non plus les interdépendances entre des formes de matérialité non sociales et les objets que les sciences sociales ont placés au cœur de leur investigation (cultures, groupes, institutions, interactions sociales, dispositions). Par hétérogénéité profonde nous entendons cette consistance particulière des objets qui, associant les unes aux autres des entités aux capacités modulables relevant de catégories différentes, parfois au-delà de dualités fortement établies (matière et langage, nature et culture, technique et politique), obligent les chercheurs à imaginer les notions et les méthodes propres à les appréhender. En somme, des objets « composés ». Pointer cette hétérogénéité et s'y affronter a été une préoccupation de Michel Foucault, Gilles Deleuze et Félix Guattari, puis de la théorie de l'acteur-réseau, de la sociologie des régimes d'engagement, et plus récemment de l'anthropologie des agencements globaux. Mais les fronts aujourd'hui se déplacent. Venant de différents horizons de l'anthropologie et de la sociologie, issus des mondes anglophones et francophones, des chercheurs éprouvent le besoin de re-conceptualiser les notions et de redéfinir les enquêtes qui leur sont associées. Trois directions s'en dégagent, autour de trois concepts clefs - agencements, dispositifs, assemblages –, qui forgent un regard inédit sur les lieux où règnent les objets composés : des expériences de la vulnérabilité aux lieux d'énonciation du droit, des laboratoires scientifiques à l'expression des impératifs religieux, des milieux urbains, industriels et agricoles à l'exercice du pouvoir politique. Ainsi émerge un espace de recherches, dont ce numéro met…
Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary --- agencement --- champ --- assemblage --- dispositif --- démonstration
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According to the Chinese zodiac, 2018 was the year of the ‘earthly dog’. In the middle of the long, hot, and feverish dog days of the summer of 2018, some workers at Shenzhen Jasic Technology took their chances and attempted to form an independent union. While this action was met by the harshest repression, it also led to extraordinary demonstrations of solidarity from small groups of radical students from all over the country, which in turn were immediately and severely suppressed. China’s year of the dog was also imbued with the spirit of another canine, Cerberus—the three-headed hound of Hades—with the ravenous advance of the surveillance state and the increasing securitisation of Chinese society, starting from the northwestern region of Xinjiang. This Yearbook traces these latest developments in Chinese society through a collection of 50 original essays on labour, civil society, and human rights in China and beyond, penned by leading scholars and practitioners from around the world.
Labor policy --- Civil society --- China --- Politics and government --- Demonstration --- Human Rights
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Equipping robots with complex capabilities still requires a great amount of effort. In this work, a novel approach is proposed to understand, to represent and to execute object manipulation tasks learned from observation by combining methods of data analysis, graphical modeling and artificial intelligence. Employing this approach enables robots to reason about how to solve tasks in dynamic environments and to adapt to unseen situations.
Autonomous systems --- Graphical programming --- Humanoide Robotik --- Programming by demonstration --- Autonome Systeme --- Robotik --- Programmieren durch Vormachen --- Robotics --- Humanoid robotics --- Graphische Programmierung
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In Zeiten vielschichtiger Krisen stellt der beschleunigte soziale Wandel Spaniens zwischen 2011 und 2016 ein Paradebeispiel für polarisierte Gesellschaften dar. Die Platzbesetzungen der Indignados (der »Empörten«) und die ihnen folgenden Entwicklungen in Zivilgesellschaft und Politik veränderten das Land grundlegend. Mit Diskursanalysen, Interviews, Ethnographien und einer historischen Einbettung rekonstruiert Conrad Lluis in einer umfassenden empirischen Studie die politischen Umbrüche Spaniens. Parallel dazu entfaltet er im Dialog mit der Empirie eine Hegemonietheorie, die Laclau und Mouffe weiterdenkt, und ebnet damit den Weg für eine postfundamentalistische Sozialtheorie.
SOCIAL SCIENCE / Sociology / General. --- Civil Society. --- Crisis. --- Democracy. --- Demonstration. --- Discourse. --- Ethnography. --- Hegemony. --- Party. --- Political Ideologies. --- Political Sociology. --- Politics. --- Post-structuralism. --- Protest. --- Social Movement. --- Society. --- Sociological Theory. --- Sociology.
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Palladium (Pd)-based membranes have received a great deal of attention from both academia and industry thanks to their ability to selectively separate hydrogen from gas streams. The integration of such membranes with appropriate catalysts in membrane reactors allows for hydrogen production with CO2 capture that can be applied in smaller bioenergy or combined heat and power (CHP) plants, as well as in large-scale power plants. Pd-based membranes are therefore regarded as a Key Enabling Technology (KET) to facilitate the transition towards a knowledge-based, low-carbon, and resource-efficient economy. This Special Issue of the journal Membranes on “Pd-based Membranes: Overview and Perspectives” contains nine peer-reviewed articles. Topics include manufacturing techniques, understanding of material phenomena, module and reactor design, novel applications, and demonstration efforts and industrial exploitation.
hydrides --- membrane --- Pd-Ag membranes --- electroless plating --- defect distribution --- hydrogen --- hydrogen production --- suspension plasma spraying --- chemical potential --- review --- grain boundary --- manufacturing --- palladium --- LOHC --- palladium alloy --- open architecture --- PdAg-membrane --- hydrogen permeation --- modelling --- membranes --- pore mouth size distribution --- MLLDP --- solubility --- closed architecture --- demonstration --- Pd-based membrane --- methanol steam reforming --- activity --- micro reactor --- microstructured --- hydrogen separation --- membrane reactors --- Pd alloy --- hydrogen purification --- palladium-based membrane --- gas to liquid --- dense Pd membrane --- propylene --- heat treatment --- surface characterization --- porous membrane --- multi-stage --- membrane reactor --- dehydrogenation
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This book focuses on the recent development of forecasting and risk management techniques for electricity markets. In addition, we discuss research on new trading platforms and environments using blockchain-based peer-to-peer (P2P) markets and computer agents. The book consists of two parts. The first part is entitled “Forecasting and Risk Management Techniques” and contains five chapters related to weather and electricity derivatives, and load and price forecasting for supporting electricity trading. The second part is entitled “Peer-to-Peer (P2P) Electricity Trading System and Strategy” and contains the following five chapters related to the feasibility and enhancement of P2P energy trading from various aspects.
Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- electricity markets --- non-parametric regression --- minimum variance hedge --- spline basis functions --- cyclic cubic spline --- weather derivatives --- n/a --- distributed energy resources (DER) --- P2P energy trading --- cooperative mechanism --- renewable energy --- multi agent system --- blockchain --- cashflow management of electricity businesses --- electricity derivatives and forwards --- retailers and power producers --- solar power and thermal energy --- optimal hedging using nonparametric techniques --- empirical simulations --- peer-to-peer energy trading --- distributed energy resources --- microgrid --- digital grid --- bidding strategy --- electricity price --- electricity load --- electricity price forecasting --- wind energy --- day-ahead market --- intra-day market --- balancing power market --- peer to peer energy market --- hardware control --- demonstration experiment --- home energy management systems --- electric vehicles --- bidding agent --- electric vehicle --- functional autoregressive model --- functional principle component analysis --- vector autoregressive model --- functional final prediction error (FFPE) --- naive method --- P2P electricity market --- market maker --- liquidity --- price fluctuation --- artificial market simulation
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Environmental problems are forcing a rethinking of the world’s energy supply system. In parallel, there is an increasing amount of global solid waste production. A fundamental shift toward greater reliance on biomass wastes in the world’s energy system is plausible because of ongoing major technological advances that hold the promise of making the conversion of biomass into high-quality energy carriers, like electricity and gaseous or liquid fuels, economically competitive with fossil fuels. Therefore, waste-to-energy systems have become a paramount topic for both industry and researchers due to interest in energy production from waste and improved chemical and thermal efficiencies with more cost-effective designs. This biomass shift is also important for industries to become more efficient by using their own wastes to produce their own energy in the light of the circular economy concept. This book on “Biomass Wastes for Energy Production” brings novel advances on waste-to-energy technologies, life cycle assessment, and computational models, and contributes to promoting rethinking of the world’s energy supply systems.
torrefaction --- biorenewable energy --- biowaste --- biocoal --- alternative fuel --- waste management --- manure --- thermal valorization --- thermogravimetric analysis --- differential scanning calorimetry --- autothermal gasification --- downdraft reactor --- thermodynamics --- chemical equilibrium --- carbon boundary point --- dairy wastewater --- biogas --- anaerobic digestion --- anaerobic horizontal flow reactor --- microwave radiation --- ultrasound --- biomass residues --- forestry --- thermal treatment --- biomass valorization --- torrefied material properties --- biomass gasification --- demonstration-scale plant --- syngas --- circular economy --- wastewater management --- activated carbon adsorption --- steam boilers --- co-firing --- biomass --- characteristics --- boiler efficiency --- GHG emissions --- decision parameters --- result parameters --- structural parameters --- peach pruning residues --- electricity production --- life cycle assessment --- LCA --- biomass-to-energy --- biomass waste --- competing uses --- biomass applications --- bio-based economy --- biomass value pyramid --- co-occurrence analysis --- internal combustion engines-generator --- small-scale systems --- energy efficiency --- techno-economic analysis --- Monte Carlo method --- organic waste --- energy recovery --- cost analysis
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The rapid urbanization, sometimes lacking adequate planning and design, has led to worsening city syndrome situations, such as urban flooding, water pollution, heat island effects, and ecologic deterioration. Sponge city construction have become the new paradigm for a sustainable urban stormwater management strategy. Deviating from the traditional rapid draining approach, the new paradigm calls for the use of natural systems, such as soil and vegetation, as part of the urban runoff control strategy. It has become a widespread focus in urban water management research and practices globally. In this Special Issue reprint, there are 13 original scientific articles that address the different related urban runoff control issues. We are happy to see that all papers presented findings characterized as innovative and methodologically new. We hope that the readers can enjoy and learn deeply about urban runoff control and sponge city construction using the published material, and we hope that sharing of the researches results with the scientific community, policymakers and stakeholders can prompt the urban runoff control and sponge city construction globally.
urban runoff remediation --- Talipariti tiliaceum --- modular bioretention tree --- field study --- tree-pit --- Green-Ampt method --- infiltration --- overland flow --- urban flood modelling --- 1D/2D coupled modelling --- dual drainage modelling --- extreme rainfall --- flooding --- safety criteria --- urban drainage --- uncertainty --- combined sewer overflows --- optimization --- SWMM --- NSGA-III --- sponge city --- bioretention facility --- rain infiltration --- slope stability --- urban water management --- drainage function --- permeable pavement --- biological retention --- control-oriented model --- urban drainage system --- real-time optimization --- Simuwater --- Sponge City --- aquifer recharge --- urban stormwater --- green infrastructure --- low impact development --- Sustainable Development Goals --- non-point source pollution --- enhanced dephosphorization bioretention --- modified bioretention facility --- road stormwater runoff --- combined soil filter media --- soil moisture conservation rope --- microbial diversity --- urban stormwater runoff management --- field monitoring --- ABC Waters design features --- water quality --- bioretention --- swales --- low-impact development --- pilot exploration --- systematic demonstration --- construction scale --- stakeholders --- multifunctional decision-making framework --- cost-effectiveness --- site suitability --- stakeholders’ preference --- n/a --- stakeholders' preference
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MEDER 2018, the IFToMM International Symposium on Mechanism Design for Robotics, was the fourth event in a series that was started in 2010 as a specific conference activity on mechanisms for robots. The aim of the MEDER Symposium is to bring researchers, industry professionals, and students together from a broad range of disciplines dealing with mechanisms for robots, in an intimate, collegial, and stimulating environment. In the 2018 MEDER event, we received significant attention regarding this initiative, as can be seen by the fact that the Proceedings contain contributions by authors from all around the world.The Proceedings of the MEDER 2018 Symposium have been published within the Springer book series on MMS, and the book contains 52 papers that have been selected after review for oral presentation. These papers cover several aspects of the wide field of robotics dealing with mechanism aspects in theory, design, numerical evaluations, and applications.This Special Issue of Robotics (https://www.mdpi.com/journal/robotics/special_issues/MDR) has been obtained as a result of a second review process and selection, but all the papers that have been accepted for MEDER 2018 are of very good quality with interesting contents that are suitable for journal publication, and the selection process has been difficult.
n/a --- robot control --- cylindrical --- V2SOM --- 3-UPU parallel mechanism --- McKibben muscle --- compliance control --- gait planning --- grasp stability --- robot singularity --- safety mechanism --- robot --- exercising device --- hexapod walking robot --- inadvertent braking --- energy efficiency --- robotic cell --- humanoid robots --- collaborative robot --- robot wrists --- humanoid robotic hands --- stability --- cable-driven robots --- image processing --- fail-safe operation --- VSA --- graphical user interface --- computer-aided design --- robotic legs --- human-robot-interaction --- shape changing --- painting robot --- shape memory alloy --- velocity control --- underactuated fingers --- safe physical human–robot interaction (pHRI) --- human-machine interaction --- compliant mechanism --- iCub --- robot-assisted Doppler sonography --- pHRI --- spherical parallel mechanism --- mobile manipulation --- economic locomotion --- haptic glove --- learning by demonstration --- robot kinematics --- variable stiffness actuator (VSA) --- workspace analysis --- singularity analysis --- collaborative robots --- parallel mechanisms --- rolling --- SMA actuator --- elliptical --- cable-driven parallel robots --- non-photorealistic rendering --- redundancy --- kinematic redundancy --- variable stiffness actuator --- trajectory planning --- kinematics --- pneumatic artificial muscle --- artistic rendering --- force reflection --- safe physical human–robot interaction --- orientational mechanisms --- teleoperation --- actuation burden --- cobot --- hand exoskeleton --- safe physical human-robot interaction (pHRI) --- safe physical human-robot interaction
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This volume consists of a collection of articles that touch on very different research aspects within a broad scientific field known in recent years as Early Childhood Science Education. The field has gradually emerged from the interaction between three distinct scientific areas of theory and research: Early Childhood Education, Psychology, which is oriented towards the study of learning, and Science Education. At the center of the progress in this field are efforts to initiate children aged 4-8 years in the Physical and Biological Sciences. A wide range of research themes have developed around this main axis: children's mental representations of phenomena of the natural world and scientific concepts, the study of the implementation and effectiveness of specific teaching activities related to curricula or activities focusing on the specific characteristics of teaching processes such as reasoning, explanation, communication, interaction or argumentation, the issue of teachers' relevance to the teaching of science, the use of pecialized teaching materials, the emergence of the issue of scientific skills, the highly contemporary issue of the differentiation and inclusion of children in the world of science, important socio-scientific issues, the role of family-related factors etc. Within this context, this collective book aims to reflect contemporary research trends in the field of Early Childhood Science Education.
shape of the Earth --- conceptual development --- mental models --- astronomy --- EARTH2 test --- knowledge-as-elements --- knowledge-as-theory --- cultural differences --- science --- early childhood --- science education --- literature review --- concepts --- infants --- toddlers --- preschoolers --- preschool --- representations --- epistemology --- preschool children --- explanations --- precursor models --- natural phenomena --- combustion --- argumentation --- competence --- self-efficacy --- design --- problem-solving --- socio-cultural psychology --- collaboration --- genetic epistemology --- mental representations --- physical sciences --- sound --- address --- interpersonal meaning --- involvement --- multimodal texts --- social distance --- socio-cognitive perspective --- verbal text–image relations --- young children --- sustainable development --- early science education --- dual language learners --- low-income --- teacher language use --- integrated e-learning --- inquiry-based learning --- primary school --- 3rd-grade pupils --- project --- Science --- temperature measurement --- STEM education --- problem solving --- observation tool --- perezhivanie --- early childhood science education --- scientific competence --- teaching interventions and activities teacher training --- inquiry --- scientific practice --- health --- school gardens --- sustainability education --- cognitive skills --- experimental skills --- early childhood education --- discovery demonstration and inquiry-based teaching methods --- theory of planned behavior --- kindergarten teacher training --- STEM --- STEAM --- preschools --- parental involvement --- engagement --- kindergarten --- children --- heat --- temperature --- ideas --- experience --- Early Childhood Science Education --- research trends
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