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The complexity of technical systems increases, breakdowns occur quite often. The mission of organic computing is to tame these challenges by providing degrees of freedom for self-organised behaviour. To achieve these goals, new methods have to be developed. The proposed observer/controller architecture constitutes one way to achieve controlled self-organisation. To improve its design, multi-agent scenarios are investigated. Especially, learning using learning classifier systems is addressed.
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Modern cities cannot be imagined without traffic lights controlling the road network. To handle the network's changing demands efficiently, the signal plan specification needs to be shifted from the design time to the run-time of a signal system. The generic observer/controller architecture proposed for Organic Computing facilitates this shift. A two-levelled learning mechanism optimises signal plans on-line while a distributed coordination mechanism establishes green waves in the road network.
traffic signal control --- organic computing --- two-levelled learning --- generic observer/controller architecture --- coordination
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First placed on the market in 1939, the design of PID controllers remains a challenging area that requires new approaches to solving PID tuning problems while capturing the effects of noise and process variations. The augmented complexity of modern applications concerning areas like automotive applications, microsystems technology, pneumatic mechanisms, dc motors, industry processes, require controllers that incorporate into their design important characteristics of the systems. These characteristics include but are not limited to: model uncertainties, system's nonlinearities, time delays, disturbance rejection requirements and performance criteria. The scope of this book is to propose different PID controllers designs for numerous modern technology applications in order to cover the needs of an audience including researchers, scholars and professionals who are interested in advances in PID controllers and related topics.
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Der Management Approach ist ein zentrales Rechnungslegungsprinzip innerhalb der IFRS. Zunächst in den 1990er-Jahren in der Diskussion um die Segmentberichterstattung nach SFAS 131 eingeführt und später in IAS 14 übernommen, wird der Begriff Management Approach heute in einem weiteren Verständnis verwendet. Nämlich immer dann, wenn Controllinginformationen einer Zweitverwendung in der (IFRS-)Bilanzierung zugeführt werden. Eine zentrale Annahme dieser Arbeit ist, daß im Controlling aussagekräftige Informationen über die wirtschaftliche Situation des Unternehmens vorliegen und diese Informationen auch für die Adressaten der Finanzberichterstattung von Interesse sind. Auf dieser Basis wird erörtert, welche Verwendungsmöglichkeiten für Controllinginformationen in der Finanzberichterstattung existieren. Weitergehend wird untersucht, welche Auswirkungen eine solche Umsetzung des Management Approach auf die Ausgestaltung des Controllings, wesentliche Qualitätsmerkmale der Finanzberichterstattung sowie auf das Verhältnis zwischen bilanzierenden Unternehmen und Abschlußprüfern haben kann.
Abschlußprüfer --- Approach --- Bilanzpolitik --- Controller --- Controlling --- Finanzberichterstattung --- Hedge-Accounting --- Herausforderungen --- IFRS --- Kontext --- Maier --- Management --- Zirkularitätseffekt des Management Approach
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"This book comparatively examines the preferences of four key arms-producing states towards European joint armaments programmes. The European defence market is characterised by a mixture of inter-state competition and European cooperation, and this work assesses why countries sometimes decide to cooperate with their partners, while in other instances they refrain from doing so. In order to shed light on this empirical puzzle, the book focuses on state-defence industry relations in the four major European arms producers: France, Germany, Italy and the UK. The main argument is that the public or private governance of industrial suppliers and market size are the two decisive variables that explain the simultaneous presence of cooperation and competition in European defence procurement. Specifically, it argues that in public governance ecosystems, arms industries are able to 'capture' the state's decision-making processes to their own advantage. In private governance ecosystems, the state is relatively autonomous from defence industry's influence and able to pursue larger macro-economic and military benefits. Moreover, the strategy pursued by governments and defence firms is decisively shaped by market size because of its importance in determining the relative costs and benefits of collaborative arrangements. This book will be of much interest to students of EU policy, defence studies, European politics and International Relations"--
Defense industries --- Armaments industries --- Arms sales --- Military sales --- Military supplies industry --- Munitions --- Sale of military equipment --- Industries --- Arms transfers --- International cooperation. --- European Union countries --- Europe --- Military policy. --- Armed Forces --- Appropriations and expenditures. --- Procurement. --- Council of Europe countries --- Eastern Hemisphere --- Eurasia --- Control --- Observer/Controller-Architektur --- Mobile Arbeitsmaschine --- SimulationComplexity --- Simulation --- Komplexität --- Steuerung --- Mobile Machines --- Observer/Controller-Architecture --- International relations. Foreign policy --- Polemology
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This book covers the technological progress and developments of a large-scale wind energy conversion system along with its future trends, with each chapter constituting a contribution by a different leader in the wind energy arena. Recent developments in wind energy conversion systems, system optimization, stability augmentation, power smoothing, and many other fascinating topics are included in this book. Chapters are supported through modeling, control, and simulation analysis. This book contains both technical and review articles.
doubly-fed induction generator --- fault current limiters --- power system --- power smoothing --- fault characteristics --- prediction intervals --- wind forecast --- PI controller --- transmission line --- wake effect --- real fault cases --- reliability of electricity supplies --- load frequency control --- optimization --- reserve power --- battery energy storage system --- wind turbine allocation --- primary frequency control --- low voltage ride through (LVRT) --- de-loading --- fault ride-through --- fault diagnosis and isolation --- fractional order proportional-integral-differential controller --- multi-objective artificial bee colony algorithm --- Fault Ride Through (FRT) --- distance protection --- droop curve --- Distribution Static VAr Compensator(D-SVC) --- Distributed-Flexible AC Transmission system (D-FACTS) --- rotor inertia --- power wind turbine --- LPV observer --- doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) --- squirrel cage induction generator (SCIG) --- wind farm --- optimal control --- fuzzy logic controller (FLC) --- wind power forecasting --- wavelet neural network --- DFIG-based wind farm --- permanent magnet synchronous generator --- automatic generation control --- series dynamic braking resistor --- hardware-in-the-loop --- superconductor --- Distribution Static Synchronous Compensator (D-STATCOM) --- control wind turbine --- kinetic energy storage --- multiple sensor faults --- large-scale wind farm
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Power converters have progressively become the most efficient and attractive solution in recent decades in many industrial sectors, ranging from electric mobility, aerospace applications to attain better electric aircraft concepts, vast renewable energy resource integration in the transmission and distribution grid, the design of smart and efficient energy management systems, the usage of energy storage systems, and the achievement of smart grid paradigm development, among others.In order to achieve efficient solutions in this wide energy scenario, over the past few decades, considerable attention has been paid by the academia and industry in order to develop new methods to achieve power systems with maximum harmonic performance aiming for two main targets. On the one hand, the high-performance harmonic performance of power systems would lead to improvements in their power density, size and weight. This becomes critical in applications such as aerospace or electric mobility, where the power converters are on-board systems. On the other hand, current standards are becoming more and more strict in order to reduce the EMI and EMC noise, as well as meeting minimum power quality requirements (i.e., grid code standards for grid-tied power systems).
multiphase drives --- pulse width modulation --- current harmonics --- effective voltage regulation --- generalized delayed signal cancellation --- harmonic distortion --- power quality --- repetitive controller --- harmonic analysis --- power converters --- pulse-width modulation (PWM) --- frequency-domain model --- voltage-source inverter (VSI) --- closed-loop control --- full electric aircraft (FEA) --- cascaded H-bridge (CHB) --- multi-level inverter --- permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) --- total harmonic distortion (THD) --- pulse-width modulation --- metaheuristic search algorithms
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This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue Advances in Intelligent Vehicle Control that was published in the journal Sensors. It presents a collection of eleven papers that covers a range of topics, such as the development of intelligent control algorithms for active safety systems, smart sensors, and intelligent and efficient driving. The contributions presented in these papers can serve as useful tools for researchers who are interested in new vehicle technology and in the improvement of vehicle control systems.
Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- nonlinear height control --- active air suspension --- output constraints --- random road excitation --- disturbance observer design --- electric vehicles --- in-vehicle network --- controller area network --- cybersecurity --- intrusion detection --- deep learning --- transfer learning --- model-based control --- vehicle dynamic potential --- tyre thermodynamics --- tyre wear --- weather influence --- vehicle safety --- double lane change --- safety optimization --- noninverting buck–boost converter --- high efficiency --- wide bandwidth control --- discrete-time sliding-mode current control (DSMCC) --- electric vehicle (EV) --- driver vehicle system --- energy management --- vehicle localization --- GNSS receivers --- RTK corrections --- sensor redundancy --- VMS --- machine learning --- ADAS --- image processing --- environment perception --- semantics --- 3D multiple object detection --- multiple object tracking --- dynamic SLAM --- roll angle estimator --- Kalman filter --- LQR controller --- inertial sensors --- motorcycle lean angle --- electrical vehicles --- EV charging scheduling --- binary linear programming --- binary quadratic programming --- vehicle control --- reinforcement learning --- curriculum learning --- sim-to-real world --- intelligent mobility --- heterogeneous vehicular communication --- Internet of connected vehicles --- vehicular ad hoc networks --- heterogeneous networking --- Internet of Things --- n/a --- noninverting buck-boost converter
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Intel® Galileo and Intel® Galileo Gen 2: API Features and Arduino Projects for Linux Programmers provides detailed information about Intel® Galileo and Intel® Galileo Gen 2 boards for all software developers interested in Arduino and the Linux platform. The book covers the new Arduino APIs and is an introduction for developers on natively using Linux. Author Manoel Carlos Ramon is a member of the Intel Galileo development team; in this book he draws on his practical experience in working on the Galileo project as he shares the team’s findings, problems, fixes, workarounds, and techniques with the open source community. His areas of expertise are wide-ranging, including Linux-embedded kernel and device drivers, C/C++, Java, OpenGL, Assembler, Android NDK/SDK/ADK, and 2G/3G/4G modem integration. He has more than 17 years of experience in research and development of mobile devices and embedded circuits. His personal blog about programming is BytesThink (www.bytesthink.com).
Application program interfaces (Computer software) --- Arduino (Programmable controller) --- Programming. --- Arduino (Microcontroller) --- Programmable controllers --- APIs (Computer software) --- Interfaces, Application program (Computer software) --- Application software --- Linux. --- Slackware Linux --- SUSE Linux --- Computer input-output equipment. --- Computer hardware. --- Hardware and Maker. --- Computer Hardware. --- Computer hardware --- Computer I/O equipment --- Computers --- Electronic analog computers --- Electronic digital computers --- Hardware, Computer --- I/O equipment (Computers) --- Input equipment (Computers) --- Input-output equipment (Computers) --- Output equipment (Computers) --- Computer systems --- Input-output equipment
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The investigation of rail vehicle running dynamics plays an important role in the more than 200 year development of railway vehicles and infrastructure. Currently, there are a number of new requirements for rail transport associated with the reduced environmental impact, energy consumption and wear, whilst increasing train speed and passenger comfort. Therefore, the running dynamics of rail vehicles is still a research topic that requires improved simulation tools and experimental procedures. The book focuses on the current research topics in railway vehicles running dynamics. Special attention is given to high-speed railway transport, acoustic and vibrational impact of railway transport to the surroundings, optimization of energy supply systems for railway transport, traction drives optimization and wear of wheels and rails.
Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- Environmental science, engineering & technology --- wear --- turnout --- rail --- stiffness --- high-speed --- dynamic characteristics --- traction drive system --- direct torque control --- electromechanical coupling modeling --- variable conditions --- rail vehicle --- rail infrastructure --- threshold effect --- dynamics --- numerical simulations --- testing --- optimal controller --- traction drive --- vector control system --- railway noise --- high-speed railways --- environmental impact --- energy saving --- control by forecast --- power limit of consumption --- railway transport infrastructure object --- simulation in the daily cycle --- n/a
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