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Les tremblements de terre sont de terribles révélateurs des dysfonctionnements de l’urbanisme et, au-delà, de ceux de la gestion des espaces urbains et de leur croissance. Celui du 17 août 1999 n’échappe pas à cette règle implacable. En effet, bien qu’attendu et presqu’annoncé, il a révélé de façon fracassante les faiblesses accumulées des modalités du développement urbain en Turquie. Au-delà, la catastrophe a eu pour effet de faire resurgir et de mettre sur le devant de la scène et en débat de multiples questions (de tous ordres), éludées par les pouvoirs publics jusque-là. Ce dossier, réalisé au lendemain du séisme, est un premier bilan solide et étayé, conçu à partir de sources variées (presse, autres médias, rapports et études scientifiques). Les auteurs, spécialistes reconnus en études urbaines ont une connaissance étendue des spécificités de la Turquie contemporaine et des dynamiques à l'œuvre à Istanbul.
Geology --- Earth & Environmental Sciences --- Dynamic & Structural Geology --- secteur du bâtiment --- conséquences sociales --- gecekondu --- séisme 17 août 1999 --- risques urbains --- conséquences économiques
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Since the discovery of mirror neurons, the study of human infant goal-directed actions and object manipulation has burgeoned into new and exciting research directions. A number of infant studies have begun emphasizing the social context of action to understand what infants can infer when looking at others performing goal-directed actions or manipulating objects. Others have begun addressing how looking at actions in a social context, or even simply looking at objects in the immediate environment influence the way infants learn to direct their own actions on objects. Researchers have even begun investigating what aspects of goal-directed actions and object manipulation infants imitate when such actions are being modeled by a social partner, or they have been asking which cues infants use to predict others' actions. A growing understanding of how infants learn to reach, perceive information for reaching, and attend social cues for action has become central to many recent studies. These new lines of investigation and others have benefited from the use of a broad range of new investigative techniques. Eye-tracking, brains imaging techniques and new methodologies have been used to scrutinize how infants look, process, and use information to act themselves on objects and/or the social world, and to infer, predict, and recognize goal-directed actions outcomes from others. This Frontiers Research topic brings together empirical reports, literature reviews, and theory and hypothesis papers that tap into some of these exciting developmental questions about how infants perceive, understand, and perform goal-directed actions broadly defined. The papers included either stress the neural, motor, or perceptual aspects of infants’ behavior, or any combination of those dimensions as related to the development of early cognitive understanding and performance of goal-directed actions.
motor development --- Infancy --- action understanding --- motor experience --- motor learning --- social cognition --- goal-directed actions --- action anticipation --- reaching --- action consequences
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Un an après les terribles tremblements de terre d’août et novembre 1999, le besoin s’est fait sentir de dresser un nouveau bilan, avec un peu de recul. En effet, le problème des tremblements de terre n’est pas résolu, la question, multiforme, reste entière : les plaies les plus directes et visibles sont loin d’être vraiment pansées et les symptômes des traumatismes endurés restent omniprésents. En d’autres termes, lapsychose sismique sévit toujours, tantôt latente, tantôt pleinement perceptible. Il suffit d’une petite secousse, et la Turquie en connaît en permanence (voir chronologie en annexe), pour réveiller et réactiver cette psychose. Par ailleurs, des dizaines de milliers de personnes continuent de vivre en tentes ou en préfabriqués, à la merci des intempéries et dans une grande précarité. En outre, les séismes continuent à menacer le pays (sur plus de 90 % de sa superficie, mais à des degrés divers) et les débats et mises en cause suscités par les « premiers » séismes continuent d’agiter la Turquie. Il nous paraît donc intéressant de nous demander si les leçons tant attendues ont été tirées et si la Turquie a vraiment mûri dans l’appréhension de cette menace. Enfin, il se peut que le parti pris résolument factuel de ce dossier surprenne ; il résulte simplement d’un impératif informatif, face à des événements mal connus et face à une absence de sources fiables synthétiques.
Geology --- Earth & Environmental Sciences --- Dynamic & Structural Geology --- séisme 17 août 1999 --- bilan --- économie --- constructions --- conséquences --- risques urbains --- catastrophe naturelle --- séisme --- Environnement --- Turquie
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"[The Migration Law and Policy conferemce at the ANU College of Law] brought together academics and practitioners from a diverse range of disciplines and practice. The book is based on a selection of the papers and presentations given during that conference. Each explores the unexpected, unwanted and sometimes tragic outcomes of migration law and policy, identifying ambiguities, uncertainties, and omissions affecting both temporary and permanent migrants. Together, the papers present a myriad of perspectives, providing a sense of urgency that focuses on the immediate and political consequences of an Australian migration milieu created without due consideration and exposing the daily reality under the migration program for individuals and for society as a whole."--
Emigration and immigration law --- Social history --- World politics --- Australia --- Emigration and immigration. --- migration law --- australia --- migration policy --- International student --- Labour economics --- Travel visa --- Unintended consequences
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Media and communication have become ubiquitous in today's societies and affect all aspects of life. On an individual level, they impact how we learn about the world, how we entertain ourselves, and how we interact with others. On an organisational level, the interactions between media and organisations, such as political parties, NGOs, businesses and brands, shape organisations' reputation, legitimacy, trust and (financial) performance, as well as individuals' consumer, political, social and health behaviours. At the societal level, media and communication are crucial for shaping public opinion on current issues such as climate change, sustainability, diversity, and well-being. Media challenges are widespread and include mis- and disinformation, the negative impact of algorithms on our information diets, challenges to our privacy, cyberbullying, media addiction, and unwanted persuasion, among many others. All this makes the study of media and communication crucial. This book provides a broad overview of the ways in which people create, use, and experience their media environment, and the role of media and communication for individuals, organisations, and society. The chapters in the book were written by researchers from the Amsterdam School of Communication Research (ASCoR) on the occasion of its 25th anniversary. ASCoR is today the largest research institute of its kind in Europe and has developed over the past 25 years into one of the best communications research institutes in the world.
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This open access book focuses on practical clinical problems that are frequently encountered in stroke rehabilitation. Consequences of diseases, e.g. impairments and activity limitations, are addressed in rehabilitation with the overall goal to reduce disability and promote participation. Based on the available best external evidence, clinical pathways are described for stroke rehabilitation bridging the gap between clinical evidence and clinical decision-making. The clinical pathways answer the questions which rehabilitation treatment options are beneficial to overcome specific impairment constellations and activity limitations and are well acceptable to stroke survivors, as well as when and in which settings to provide rehabilitation over the course of recovery post stroke. Each chapter starts with a description of the clinical problem encountered. This is followed by a systematic, but concise review of the evidence (RCTs, systematic reviews and meta-analyses) that is relevant for clinical decision-making, and comments on assessment, therapy (training, technology, medication), and the use of technical aids as appropriate. Based on these summaries, clinical algorithms / pathways are provided and the main clinical-decision situations are portrayed. The book is invaluable for all neurorehabilitation team members, clinicians, nurses, and therapists in neurology, physical medicine and rehabilitation, and related fields. It is a World Federation for NeuroRehabilitation (WFNR) educational initiative, bridging the gap between the rapidly expanding clinical research in stroke rehabilitation and clinical practice across societies and continents. It can be used for both clinical decision-making for individuals and as well as clinical background knowledge for stroke rehabilitation service development initiatives. .
Neurology . --- Physiotherapy. --- Neuropsychology. --- Nursing. --- Neurology. --- Clinical nursing --- Nurses and nursing --- Nursing process --- Care of the sick --- Medicine --- Neurophysiology --- Psychophysiology --- Nervous system --- Neuropsychiatry --- Diseases --- Neurology --- Physiotherapy --- Neuropsychology --- Nursing --- Neurorehabilitation --- Stroke --- Speech and Language Therapy --- Consequences of Disorders --- Meta-Analyses --- Clinical Decision-Making --- Management --- Open access --- Neurology & clinical neurophysiology --- Physiological & neuro-psychology, biopsychology
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This open access book focuses on a particular but significant topic in the social sciences: the concepts of “footprint” and “trace”. It associates these concepts with hotly debated topics such as surveillance capitalism and knowledge society. The editors and authors discuss the concept footprints and traces as unintended by-products of other (differently focused and oriented) actions that remain empirically imprinted in virtual and real spaces. The volume therefore opens new scenarios for social theory and applied social research in asking what the stakes, risks and potential of this approach are. It systematically raises and addresses these questions within a consistent framework, bringing together a heterogeneous group of international social scientists. Given the multifaceted objectives involved in exploring footprints and traces, the volume discusses heuristic aspects and ethical dimensions, scientific analyses and political considerations, empirical perspectives and theoretical foundations. At the same time, it brings together perspectives from cultural analysis and social theory, communication and Internet studies, big-data informed research and computational social science. This innovative volume is of interest to a broad interdisciplinary readership: sociologists, communication researchers, Internet scholars, anthropologists, cognitive and behavioral scientists, historians, and epistemologists, among others.
Knowledge, Sociology of. --- Internet—Social aspects. --- Social sciences—Philosophy. --- Ethnology. --- Communication. --- Knowledge, Theory of. --- Sociology of Knowledge and Discourse. --- Internet Studies. --- Social Theory. --- Sociocultural Anthropology. --- Media and Communication. --- Epistemology. --- Traces and Footprints --- Algorithms and Social Research --- Knowledge Capitalism --- Digital Traces --- Social Theory --- Trace-like Information --- Interactional Clues --- Data Exhaust --- Social Media Communication --- Unintended Consequences --- Internet --- Social sciences --- Social aspects. --- Philosophy.
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This Open Access book examines many of the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic through the distinctive lens of civility. The idea of civility appears often in both public and academic debates, and a polarized political climate frequently leads to allegations of uncivil speech and behaviour. Norms of civility are always contested, even more so in moments of crisis such as a global pandemic. A focus on civility provides crucial insight and guidance on how to navigate the social and political challenges resulting from COVID-19. Furthermore, it offers a framework through which citizens and policymakers can better understand the causes and consequences of incivility, and devise ways to recover civility in our social and political lives.
COVID-19 (Disease) $x Social aspects. --- COVID-19 (Disease) --- Social aspects. --- 2019-nCoV disease --- 2019 novel coronavirus disease --- Coronavirus disease-19 --- Coronavirus disease 2019 --- COVID-19 virus disease --- Novel coronavirus disease, 2019 --- SARS-CoV-2 disease --- Coronavirus infections --- Respiratory infections --- COVID19 (Disease) --- SARS coronavirus 2 disease --- Political science & theory --- Ethics & moral philosophy --- Social & political philosophy --- Political Theory --- Ethics --- Political Philosophy --- Social Philosophy --- Moral Philosophy and Applied Ethics --- Political Theory and COVID-19 --- Theoretical and Policy Implications for Civility --- Civility and COVID-19 --- Negative social consequences of the global pandemic --- Negative political consequences of the global pandemic --- Countering incivility during COVID-19 --- Moral civility in a time of COVID-19 --- Political civility in a time of COVID-19 --- COVID-19 epidemic --- Social implications of COVID-19 --- Political Implications of COVID-19 --- Economic Implications of COVID-19 --- Public Health and COVID-19 --- Social Sciences and COVID-19 --- Philosophy and COVID-19 --- COVID-19 Pandemic --- Open Access --- Courtesy
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Like American politics, the academic debate over justice is polarized, with almost all theories of justice falling within one of two traditions: egalitarianism and libertarianism. This book provides an alternative to the partisan standoff by focusing not on equality or liberty, but on the idea that we should give people the things that they deserve. Mulligan sets forth a theory of economic justice - meritocracy - which rests upon a desert principle and is distinctive from existing work in two ways. First, meritocracy is grounded in empirical research on how human beings think, intuitively, about justice. Research in social psychology and experimental economics reveals that people simply don’t think that social goods should be distributed equally, nor do they dismiss the idea of social justice. Across ideological and cultural lines, people believe that rewards should reflect merit. Second, the book discusses hot-button political issues and makes concrete policy recommendations. These issues include anti-meritocratic bias against women and racial minorities and the United States’ widening economic inequality. Justice and the Meritocratic State offers a new theory of justice and provides solutions to our most vexing social and economic problems. It will be of keen interest to philosophers, economists, and political theorists.
State, The --- Justice (Philosophy) --- Merit (Ethics) --- Moral and ethical aspects. --- Political aspects. --- Desert (Ethics) --- Moral desert (Ethics) --- Ethics --- Philosophy --- Administration --- Commonwealth, The --- Sovereignty --- Political science --- Anarchy --- A Theory of Justice --- capital --- consequences --- cronyism --- David Miller --- desert --- desert-based theory of justice --- distributive justice --- economic justice --- egalitarianism --- equality --- equal opportunity --- essentialism --- George Sher --- inheritance tax --- intuition --- John Rawls --- Justice and the Meritocratic State --- justice --- libertarianism --- liberty --- meritocracy --- meritocratic public policy --- nepotism --- personal identity --- political philosophy --- public policy --- Robert Nozick --- State, and Utopia
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The present Special Issue summarizes the available scientific evidence concerning the nutrients and biomarkers in musculoskeletal diseases linked to the metabolic conditions secondary to COVID-19 confinement, osteoporosis prevention for patients with inflammatory bowel diseases, and the nutritional status in patients with spinal muscular atrophy. Furthermore, it explores the novel findings for experimental animal models of pharmacological agents to improve the regeneration of muscle tissue; acetylcholine spontaneous release located in the neuromuscular junction in mice, secondary to hypercaloric diet supplementation with an increase in spontaneous neurotransmission and the activation of myofascial trigger points associated with myofascial pain syndrome; and myogenic biomarkers in musculoskeletal conditions and gene expression associated with vitamin D and L-cysteine co-supplementation. This Special Issue is edited by a multidisciplinary group comprising the Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Universidade da Coruña, and Universidad Europea de Madrid.
COVID-19 --- acute sedentary lifestyle --- step reduction --- positive energy balance --- metabolic consequences --- insulin resistance --- metabolic syndrome --- sarcopenia --- bowel diseases --- diet --- osteoporosis --- bone density --- nutrients --- muscle unloading --- muscle reloading --- sirtuin-1 --- muscle progenitor cells --- activated satellite cells --- quiescent satellite cells --- muscle regeneration markers --- electromyography --- high-fat diet --- myofascial pain syndrome --- obesity --- spontaneous neurotransmission --- vitamin D deficiency --- l-cysteine --- glutathione --- myogenic markers --- dystrophy markers --- skeletal muscle --- spinal muscular atrophy --- metabolomics --- nutrition --- therapeutics --- biomarkers --- n/a
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