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Book
River Ecological Restoration and Groundwater Artificial Recharge
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Year: 2022 Publisher: Basel MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Abstract

Three of the eleven papers focused on groundwater recharge and its impacts on the groundwater regime, in which recharge was caused by riverbed leakage from river ecological restoration (artificial water replenishment). The issues of the hydrogeological parameters involved (such as the influence radius) were also reconsidered. Six papers focused on the impact of river ecological replenishment and other human activities on river and watershed ecology, and on groundwater quality and use function. The issues of ecological security at the watershed scale and deterioration of groundwater quality were of particular concern. Two papers focused on water resources carrying capacity and water resources reallocation at the regional scale, in the context of the fact that ecological water demand has been a significant topic of concern. The use of unconventional water resources such as brackish water has been emphasized in the research in this issue.


Book
Air Quality Assessment Standards and Sustainable Development in Developing Countries
Authors: ---
ISBN: 3039280155 3039280147 Year: 2020 Publisher: MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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This book brings together the latest research results of air quality assessment standards and sustainable development in developing countries. The content is full and the discussion is vivid. These articles are suitable for students and researchers at all levels seeking to understand the status of air pollution, governance standards, and governance effects in developing countries.


Book
New Advances in Soil Pollution and Remediation
Authors: --- --- ---
ISBN: 3036551662 3036551654 Year: 2022 Publisher: MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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This reprint reports on new advances in basic and applied research of soil pollution and remediation. A list of contaminants are targeted, including toxic metal(loid)s (e.g., Pb, As, Sb, and multi-metals), organic contaminants (e.g., organochlorine pesticides, phenanthrene, and petroleum), and antibiotics (e.g., sulfadiazine). The occurrence, environmental behaviors, and risks of these contaminants are explored. Special attention is devoted to techniques for the remediation of polluted soils, such as stabilization/solidification, photocatalytic degradation, and thermal desorption. This reprint provides new insights into soil pollution and remediation.


Book
Sustainable Use of Soils and Water: The Role of Environmental Land Use Conflicts
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ISBN: 3039286455 3039286447 Year: 2020 Publisher: MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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This book on the sustainable use of soils and water addressed a variety of issues related to the utopian desire for environmental sustainability and the deviations from this scene observed in the real world. Competing interests for land are frequently a factor in land degradation, especially where the adopted land uses do not conform with the land capability (the natural use of soil). The concerns of researchers about these matters are presented in the articles comprising this Special Issue book. Various approaches were used to assess the (im)balance between economic profit and environmental conservation in various regions, in addition to potential routes to bring landscapes back to a sustainable status being disclosed.

Keywords

environmental and economic changes --- overexploitation --- stream flow downscaling --- Recharge --- Institutions --- evaluation --- geo hazards --- marginal land resources --- water resources --- contributions --- land use change --- comprehensive land carrying capacity --- land eco-security --- scale effects --- river basin --- Ghana --- urbanization --- groundwater recharge --- MicroLEIS DSS --- multiple stresses --- forest --- land use conflicts --- soil --- analytic hierarchy process --- heavy metal pollution assessment --- recharge --- environmental degradation --- spatial variation --- debris flow waste-shoal land --- Lankao county --- encounters of interests --- territorial development --- driving forces analysis --- land use policy --- climate conditions --- time series analysis --- arable soil --- urban area --- multi-criterion comprehensive evaluation --- Land Use --- agricultural and livestock products --- evapotranspiration --- hydrological processes --- Trnava district --- macromodel DNS/SWAT --- central Asia --- CA-Markov --- integrative landscape management --- Land use change --- land use and transformation --- weight --- Contemporary Yellow River Delta --- conjunctive water resources management --- set pair theory --- sustainability --- karst aquifer --- withdrawal of agricultural land --- sustainable development --- SWAT --- water resource management --- water footprint --- land-use planning --- Ecosystem service value --- Penman–Monteith equation --- cloud model --- groundwater flow field --- standard deviation --- temporal stability --- landscape as geosystem --- Gross Domestic Product --- geology --- territorial factors --- agriculture --- multi-dimension --- Groundwater --- conflicts --- Green GDP --- temporal-spatial variations --- relief --- recharge zones --- groundwater depth --- Nitrate Vulnerable Zones --- hydrologic modeling --- Managed Aquifer --- soil reclamation --- nitrogen --- discrete wavelet transform --- legislative factors --- developmental factors --- ungauged catchment --- rural households’ behaviors --- arid region --- land use/cover change --- spatialization --- sustainable agriculture


Book
Indoor Positioning and Navigation
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Year: 2021 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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In recent years, rapid development in robotics, mobile, and communication technologies has encouraged many studies in the field of localization and navigation in indoor environments. An accurate localization system that can operate in an indoor environment has considerable practical value, because it can be built into autonomous mobile systems or a personal navigation system on a smartphone for guiding people through airports, shopping malls, museums and other public institutions, etc. Such a system would be particularly useful for blind people. Modern smartphones are equipped with numerous sensors (such as inertial sensors, cameras, and barometers) and communication modules (such as WiFi, Bluetooth, NFC, LTE/5G, and UWB capabilities), which enable the implementation of various localization algorithms, namely, visual localization, inertial navigation system, and radio localization. For the mapping of indoor environments and localization of autonomous mobile sysems, LIDAR sensors are also frequently used in addition to smartphone sensors. Visual localization and inertial navigation systems are sensitive to external disturbances; therefore, sensor fusion approaches can be used for the implementation of robust localization algorithms. These have to be optimized in order to be computationally efficient, which is essential for real-time processing and low energy consumption on a smartphone or robot.

Keywords

dynamic objects identification and localization --- laser cluster --- radial velocity similarity --- Pearson correlation coefficient --- particle filter --- trilateral indoor positioning --- RSSI filter --- RSSI classification --- stability --- accuracy --- inertial navigation system --- artificial neural network --- motion tracking --- sensor fusion --- indoor navigation system --- indoor positioning --- indoor navigation --- radiating cable --- leaky feeder --- augmented reality --- Bluetooth --- indoor positioning system --- smart hospital --- indoor --- positioning --- visually impaired --- deep learning --- multi-layered perceptron --- inertial sensor --- smartphone --- multi-variational message passing (M-VMP) --- factor graph (FG) --- second-order Taylor expansion --- cooperative localization --- joint estimation of position and clock --- RTLS --- indoor positioning system (IPS) --- position data --- industry 4.0 --- traceability --- product tracking --- fingerprinting localization --- Bluetooth low energy --- Wi-Fi --- performance metrics --- positioning algorithms --- location source optimization --- fuzzy comprehensive evaluation --- DCPCRLB --- UAV --- unmanned aerial vehicles --- NWPS --- indoor positioning systems --- GPS denied --- GNSS denied --- autonomous vehicles --- visible light positioning --- mobile robot --- calibration --- appearance-based localization --- computer vision --- Gaussian processes --- manifold learning --- robot vision systems --- image manifold --- descriptor manifold --- indoor fingerprinting localization --- Gaussian filter --- Kalman filter --- received signal strength indicator --- channel state information --- indoor localization --- visual-inertial SLAM --- constrained optimization --- path loss model --- particle swarm optimization --- beacon --- absolute position system --- cooperative algorithm --- intercepting vehicles --- robot framework --- UWB sensors --- Internet of Things (IoT) --- wireless sensor network (WSN) --- switched-beam antenna --- electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) antenna --- received signal strength (RSS) --- fingerprinting --- down-conversion --- GPS --- navigation --- RF repeaters --- up-conversion --- n/a


Book
Water Resources Management Models for Policy Assessment
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Year: 2022 Publisher: Basel MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Abstract

This book is a compilation of original research articles that apply a variety of techniques to identify and evaluate water resource management policies. These papers cover a wide range of topics and methodologies applied across the world, from a local to a continental scope. They illustrate open challenges in water resource management, such as the quantitative assessment of policy impacts, trade-off analyses, understanding the water–energy–food–environment nexus, collaborative model development, stakeholder engagement, formalizing social interactions, or improving the theoretical understanding of complex adaptive systems. Therefore, this book is a representation of research areas that have emerged from the origins of water resource systems analysis, seeking to improve the way in which water policy is formulated and implemented.

Keywords

climate change --- water resources --- water availability --- uncertainty --- WAAPA model --- Western Europe --- water quality --- background pollutants --- export coefficient model --- chemical oxygen demand --- ammonia nitrogen --- water resource accessibility --- spatial pattern --- coupling coordination degree --- water resource management --- Southwest China --- pump efficiency --- water distribution systems --- water supply systems --- optimization --- design policies --- design --- BMPs --- Revised GWLF --- NSGAII --- hydrological dam safety --- initial reservoir level --- maximum conservation level --- water conservation volume --- flood control volume --- yield reliability --- regular operation --- stochastic methodology --- water management --- resources --- system dynamics --- drought management --- drought impacts --- urban public services --- inter-administrative cooperation --- border studies --- internal borders --- river municipalities --- freshwater health --- river chief system --- ecological integrity --- social services --- water governance --- national standard --- risk assessment --- water-saving --- set pair analysis --- China --- fluvial ecosystems --- hydropeaking --- InSTHAn tool --- short-term flow regimes --- subdaily flows --- sustainable river management --- droughts --- hydrological risk --- agri-food sector --- event study --- financial markets --- BOVESPA --- stormwater --- industrial facilities --- run off --- self-reported data --- multifunctional water source area --- ecotourism, people with different stakeholders --- balanced decision-making --- sponge city --- fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method --- water resource carrying capacity --- gray correlation analysis --- multiple linear regression models --- water environment capacity --- reservoir performance --- water resources systems --- participatory modeling --- river basin planning --- watershed management --- water scarcity --- water conflicts --- Robust Decision Support --- WEAP --- Integrated Water Resources Management --- Bolivia --- n/a


Book
Expanding the Horizons of Manufacturing: Towards Wide Integration, Smart Systems and Tools
Authors: --- --- ---
Year: 2022 Publisher: Basel MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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This research topic aims at enterprise-wide modeling and optimization (EWMO) through the development and application of integrated modeling, simulation and optimization methodologies, and computer-aided tools for reliable and sustainable improvement opportunities within the entire manufacturing network (raw materials, production plants, distribution, retailers, and customers) and its components. This integrated approach incorporates information from the local primary control and supervisory modules into the scheduling/planning formulation. That makes it possible to dynamically react to incidents that occur in the network components at the appropriate decision-making level, requiring fewer resources, emitting less waste, and allowing for better responsiveness in changing market requirements and operational variations, reducing cost, waste, energy consumption and environmental impact, and increasing the benefits. More recently, the exploitation of new technology integration, such as through semantic models in formal knowledge models, allows for the capture and utilization of domain knowledge, human knowledge, and expert knowledge toward comprehensive intelligent management. Otherwise, the development of advanced technologies and tools, such as cyber-physical systems, the Internet of Things, the Industrial Internet of Things, Artificial Intelligence, Big Data, Cloud Computing, Blockchain, etc., have captured the attention of manufacturing enterprises toward intelligent manufacturing systems.

Keywords

manufacturing process --- additive manufacturing --- IoT --- computer systems and networks --- 3D printing --- digital twin --- Industry 4.0 --- pharmaceutical manufacturing --- biopharmaceutical manufacturing --- process modeling --- mixed-integer linear programming --- bin-packing problem --- material requirements planning --- agri-supply chain management --- variable production rate --- optimal resources --- imperfect production --- eco-efficient production --- closed-loop scheduling --- scheduling stability --- optimal control and scheduling --- fouling --- heat exchanger networks --- continuous manufacturing --- bioprocessing --- process systems engineering --- single-use technology --- AGV—Automated Guided Vehicles --- DES—Discrete Event Simulation --- FMS—Flexible Manufacturing Systems --- OEE—Overall Equipment Efficiency --- WCLcWorld Class Logistic --- abrasive water jet --- cutting --- surface quality --- quality prediction --- 3D simulation modeling and analysis --- model implementation --- bottleneck analysis --- production costs --- resource conservation --- smart manufacturing --- edge computing --- machine learning --- blockchain --- Industrial Internet of Things --- inventory management --- supply chain --- multi-echelon --- stochastic programming --- reinforcement learning --- digitalisation --- model-based --- computational engineering --- process simulation --- LNG terminal --- operational optimization --- BOG compressor --- MINLP --- enterprise process architecture --- new technologies integration --- process intelligence --- real-time monitoring --- fault detection --- predictive process adjustment --- vacuum gripper --- sensor data --- Tri-X Intelligence --- cyber-physical systems --- human-cyber systems --- intelligent systems --- intelligent manufacturing --- multi-parametric programming --- explicit MPC --- enterprise-wide optimisation --- set-point tracking --- algebraic geometry --- continuous pharmaceutical manufacturing --- model predictive control --- state estimation --- quality-by-control (QbC) --- glidant effects --- plant-model mismatch --- regional logistics --- low-carbon economy --- cloud model --- comprehensive evaluation --- Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region --- pharmaceutical manufacture --- uncertainty --- operational flexibility --- operational envelopes --- modeling --- n/a --- AGV-Automated Guided Vehicles --- DES-Discrete Event Simulation --- FMS-Flexible Manufacturing Systems --- OEE-Overall Equipment Efficiency


Book
Integral Transformations, Operational Calculus and Their Applications
Author:
Year: 2020 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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This volume consists of a collection of 14 accepted submissions (including several invited feature articles) to the Special Issue of MDPI's journal Symmetry on the general subject area of integral transformations, operational calculus and their applications from many different parts around the world. The main objective of the Special Issue was to gather review, expository, and original research articles dealing with the state-of-the-art advances in integral transformations and operational calculus as well as their multidisciplinary applications, together with some relevance to the aspect of symmetry. Various families of fractional-order integrals and derivatives have been found to be remarkably important and fruitful, mainly due to their demonstrated applications in numerous diverse and widespread areas of mathematical, physical, chemical, engineering, and statistical sciences. Many of these fractional-order operators provide potentially useful tools for solving ordinary and partial differential equations, as well as integral, differintegral, and integro-differential equations; fractional-calculus analogues and extensions of each of these equations; and various other problems involving special functions of mathematical physics and applied mathematics, as well as their extensions and generalizations in one or more variables.

Keywords

Stancu-type Bernstein operators --- Bézier bases --- Voronovskaja-type theorems --- modulus of continuity --- rate of convergence --- bivariate operators --- approximation properties --- statistical convergence --- P-convergent --- statistically and relatively modular deferred-weighted summability --- relatively modular deferred-weighted statistical convergence --- Korovkin-type approximation theorem --- modular space --- convex space --- N-quasi convex modular --- N-quasi semi-convex modular --- vehicle collaborative content downloading --- fuzzy comprehensive evaluation --- VANET --- delay differential equations --- integral operator --- periodic solutions --- subordinations --- exponential function --- Hankel determinant --- fractional differential equations with input --- Mittag-Leffler stability --- left generalized fractional derivative --- ρ-Laplace transforms --- functional integral equations --- Banach algebra --- fixed point theorem --- measure of noncompactness --- Geometric Function Theory --- q-integral operator --- q-starlike functions of complex order --- q-convex functions of complex order --- (δ,q)-neighborhood --- meromorphic multivalent starlike functions --- subordination --- univalent function --- symmetric differential operator --- unit disk --- analytic function --- analytic functions --- conic region --- Hadamard product --- differential subordination --- differential superordination --- generalized fractional differintegral operator --- Convex function --- Simpson’s rule --- differentiable function --- weights --- positive integral operators --- convolution operators --- n/a --- Bézier bases --- Simpson's rule


Book
Advanced Welding Technology in Metals
Authors: ---
ISBN: 3036556761 3036556753 Year: 2022 Publisher: Basel MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Welding is widely used by both academia and industry to create similar and dissimilar joints aiming to create a complex shape structure and to couple the mechanical properties of different materials into a single monolithic structure. In this book, a collection of peer-reviewed works on the welding of advanced engineering alloys is presented. Both solid-state and fusion-based welding technologies are presented. These works employed advanced microstructure characterization to evaluate how the selection of process parameters impacts the microstructure and mechanical properties of the welded joints. Moreover, three comprehensive review works are also included, providing an in-depth overview of distinct topics. We hope that this collection of works is of interest to the community so that welding technologies continue to grow further in the future.

Keywords

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- friction stir welding --- dissimilar metals --- temperature --- process conditions --- guidelines --- resistance heat-assisted ultrasonic welding --- mechanical properties --- fracture morphology --- intermetallic compounds --- microstructure --- double-pulsed --- robot operation --- fuzzy comprehensive evaluation --- orthogonal experimental design --- short-circuiting gas metal arc welding --- waveform control method --- weld pool oscillation and flow --- high speed photograph --- image processing --- continuous wavelet transform --- K-TIG --- heat input --- weld formation --- tensile properties --- welding procedure optimisation --- tungsten inert gas welding --- friction stir processing --- dissimilar aluminium alloys joints --- dissimilar metal joints --- welding --- high entropy alloys --- laser welding --- review --- tensile strength --- flexural strength --- dissimilar aluminium alloys --- numerical finite-element modeling --- analytical Rosenthal equation --- thermal regime --- AA5456 --- aluminum alloy --- fiber laser-MIG hybrid --- CMT --- MIG --- hybrid joints --- hardness --- ASTM A553-1 (9% nickel steel) --- penetration shape --- Bead on Plate (BOP) --- pulsed GMAW --- droplet transfer --- weld bead formation --- droplet impact force --- double-pulsed gas metal arc welding (DP-GMAW) --- droplet impingement pressure --- weld pool oscillation --- grain refinement --- constitutional supercooling --- deep neural network --- high strength steel --- laser beam welding --- penetration --- quality assessment --- spectrometer --- welding seam root --- metal flow behavior --- root flaw --- pin length --- Incomplete penetration --- weak connection --- real time --- infrared thermography --- camera --- microhardness --- plasma arc welding --- hot wire --- laser oscillating welding --- high temperature titanium alloy --- laser impact welding --- interfacial bonding mechanism --- interface wave --- diffusion --- TA1/Q235B composite sheets --- rolling temperature --- explosive welding --- microstructures --- dissimilar welding --- aluminum --- fracture --- friction welding --- Ti-6Al-4V --- nitinol --- intermetallic compound --- fractography --- dissimilar metal joining --- dissimilar friction stir welding --- AA2024-T4/AA7075-T6Al alloys --- t-butt joints --- microstructure evaluation --- EBSD --- fracture surfaces --- texture --- investment casting --- alloy 718 --- hot cracking mechanism --- Varestraint test


Book
Frontiers in Healthy Cities : Policy Impacts and Inclusive Governance
Authors: --- ---
ISBN: 303656022X 3036560211 Year: 2022 Publisher: Basel MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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This collection that is based on the Special Issue contains 37 high-quality, rigorously peer-reviewed, cutting-edge pieces of original research applying a multi-disciplinary academic approach to study how to improve environment quality and healthy living in contemporary and future urban environments. This multidisciplinary collection helps to disseminate and communicate scientific knowledge and impactful discoveries of how to make healthy cities available to researchers, academics, and the general public globally.

Keywords

Humanities --- Social interaction --- urban sprawl --- physical health --- mental health --- Smog Free Tower --- air purification --- housing price --- moderating effect --- traffic convenience --- urban resilience --- spatiotemporal differentiation --- ESDA --- geographical detector model --- YRB --- social capital --- social participation --- volunteering --- urban China --- urban governance --- Chinese national scenic areas --- tourism economy --- time-limited rectification --- pilot free trade zones --- green total factor productivity --- green development --- difference-in-differences --- quasi-natural experiment --- land use evolution --- land ecological security --- AHP-FCE model --- evaluation --- China --- business environment --- FDI --- BRI countries --- status elevation the global value chain --- pilot free trade zone --- port --- green TFP --- environmental constraints --- regional heterogeneity --- air pollution --- health shocks --- labor mobility --- mediating effect --- threshold effect --- production-living-ecology --- spatial transformation characteristics --- spatial conflicts --- urban agglomeration --- carbon emissions --- Tapio decoupling --- LMDI model --- provincial level --- low-carbon economy --- physical inactivity --- prolonged sitting --- unhealthy diet --- sports facilities --- street greenery --- spatial accessibility --- medical system --- multi-tiered two-step floating catchment area (MT2SFCA) method --- equity --- healthcare --- Hu Line of land --- “production-living-ecology” coordination --- spatial heterogeneity --- ESDA-GWR --- COVID-19 --- mask --- willingness to pay --- protection motivation theory --- contingent value method --- urban --- health impact assessment --- bibliometric analysis --- CiteSpace --- knowledge mapping --- disaster-preventive migration (DPM) --- social stability risk --- fuzzy comprehensive evaluation (FCE) --- ethnic minority area --- green finance --- ecological environment --- coupling coordination rate --- spatiotemporal evolution --- driving factor --- environmental equality --- guanxi network --- pig farming pollution --- cost and benefit sharing --- technological innovation --- coupling coordination --- green economy --- aging migration --- housing tenure --- social integration --- Beijing --- environmental pollution control investment efficiency --- three-stage DEA --- super-efficient SBM --- Global-Malmquist-Luenberger index --- regional differences --- digital financial inclusion --- green innovation --- financing constraints --- life cycle --- carbon emissions trading --- total factor productivity of agricultural enterprises --- double difference --- policy mix --- policy design --- pandemic management --- policy outcomes --- compound crisis --- urban sustainability --- healthy cities --- projects --- risks --- expert evaluation --- fuzzy sets --- European Green Deal --- Industry 5.0 --- decision-making --- transport --- medical infrastructure --- healing and therapeutic design --- blockchain --- building information modeling (BIM) --- landscape information modeling (LIM) --- city information modeling (CIM) --- art therapy --- sustainable development --- non-fungible token (NFT) --- Health Metaverse --- workplace --- avoidance behavior --- public health --- regression discontinuity design --- migration intention --- high human capital --- instrumental variable --- regional economic resilience --- influence mechanism --- Yellow River Basin --- quality of life --- healthy region --- healthy environment --- spatial --- synthetic measure --- voivodship --- national fitness policy --- national health --- human capital --- public finance health expenditures --- civil registration --- block chain --- digitization governance --- smart contract --- urban young returnees --- happiness --- healthy China --- HLM --- SEM --- rural-to-urban migrant --- performance analysis --- science mapping --- network analysis --- environmental policy uncertainty --- enterprise pollution emission --- enterprise innovation --- the foreign investment

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