Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

The celebrated information bottleneck (IB) principle of Tishby et al. has recently enjoyed renewed attention due to its application in the area of deep learning. This collection investigates the IB principle in this new context. The individual chapters in this collection: • provide novel insights into the functional properties of the IB; • discuss the IB principle (and its derivates) as an objective for training multi-layer machine learning structures such as neural networks and decision trees; and • offer a new perspective on neural network learning via the lens of the IB framework. Our collection thus contributes to a better understanding of the IB principle specifically for deep learning and, more generally, of information–theoretic cost functions in machine learning. This paves the way toward explainable artificial intelligence.

information theory --- variational inference --- machine learning --- learnability --- information bottleneck --- representation learning --- conspicuous subset --- stochastic neural networks --- mutual information --- neural networks --- information --- bottleneck --- compression --- classification --- optimization --- classifier --- decision tree --- ensemble --- deep neural networks --- regularization methods --- information bottleneck principle --- deep networks --- semi-supervised classification --- latent space representation --- hand crafted priors --- learnable priors --- regularization --- deep learning

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

The interaction of ionising radiation with atomic and/or molecular ions is a fundamental process in nature, with implications for the understanding of many laboratory and astrophysical plasmas. At short wavelengths, the photon–ion interactions lead to inner-shell and multiple electron excitations, leading to demands on appropriate laboratory developments of sources and detectors and requiring advanced theoretical treatments which take into account many-body electron-correlation effects. This book includes a range of papers based on different short wavelength photon sources including recent facility and instrumental developments. Topics include experimental photoabsorption studies with laser-produced plasmas and photoionization of atomic and molecular ions with synchrotron and FEL sources, including modifications of a cylindrical mirror analyzer for high efficiency photoelectron spectroscopy on ion beams. Theoretical investigations include the effects of FEL fluctuations on autoionization line shapes, multiple sequential ionization by intense fs XUV pulses, photoelectron angular distributions for non-resonant two-photon ionization, inner-shell photodetachment of Na- and spin-polarized fluxes from fullerene anions.

2s2p --- Lithium-ion --- auto-ionization --- free electron laser --- stochastic average --- time dependent density matrix --- photoionization --- multiple ionization --- many-electron processes --- absolute cross sections --- synchrotron radiation --- collisional-radiative model --- laser-produced plasma, ion distribution --- ionization bottleneck --- radiative recombination --- collisional ioniztion --- three-body recombination --- nonlinear photoionization --- nonlinear interaction --- Cooper minimum --- angular distributions --- atomic ions --- dual-laser plasma technique --- photodetachment --- inner-shell phenomena --- electron spectroscopy --- ion beam --- spin-polarization --- fullerene anions --- endohedral fullerene anions --- NH+ --- molecular ion --- K-shell --- merged-beam --- Pb-Sn alloys --- EUV emission of high Z materials --- collisional radiative model --- Cowan suite of Codes --- ions --- free-electron laser --- krypton --- femtosecond pulses --- photoelectron spectroscopy --- atomic data --- inner-shell photoionization --- atomic nitrogen ion --- n/a

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

The negative impacts of global warming and global environmental pollution due to fossil fuels mean that the main challenge of modern society is finding alternatives to conventional fuels. In this scenario, biofuels derived from renewable biomass represent the most promising renewable energy sources. Depending on the biomass used by the fermentation technologies, it is possible to obtain first-generation biofuels produced from food crops, second-generation biofuels produced from non-food feedstock, mainly starting from renewable lignocellulosic biomasses, and third-generation biofuels, represented by algae or food waste biomass.Although biofuels appear to be the closest alternative to fossil fuels, it is necessary for them to be produced in competitive quantities and costs, requiring both improvements to production technologies and the diversification of feedstock. This Special Issue is focused on technological innovations, including the utilization of different feedstocks, with a particular focus on biethanol production from food waste; different biomass pretreatments; fermentation strategies, such as simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) or separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF); different applied microorganisms used as a monoculture or co-culture; and different setups for biofuel fermentation processes.The manuscripts collected represent a great opportunity for adding new knowledge to the scientific community as well as industry.

biofuels --- corn --- extraction --- enzyme-assisted --- protein --- soybean --- molecular sieve --- water removal --- rotary shaking --- electromagnetic stirring --- biofuel --- gasohol --- trend analysis --- promotion policy --- regulatory measure --- bottleneck --- synthesis gas fermentation --- volumetric mass transfer coefficient --- Tween 80® surfactant --- gasification --- multi-objective optimization --- bioethanol --- syngas fermentation --- modeling --- sustainability --- soapberry pericarp --- carbonization --- biochar --- pore property --- surface chemistry --- biomethane --- food waste --- co-production --- biorefinery --- bioelectrochemical system (BES) --- carbon dioxide sequestration --- extracellular electron transfer (EET) --- electroactive microorganisms --- microbial biocatalyst --- electro-fermentation --- circular economy --- downstream processing (DSP) --- gene manipulation --- biogas --- compost leachate --- pressurized anaerobic digestion --- ethanol --- simultaneous saccharification and fermentation --- Saccharomyces cerevisiae --- single cell protein --- pineapple waste --- cell wall sugar --- fermentation --- spent sugar beet pulp --- model --- economics --- pretreatment --- saccharification --- B. ceiba --- biomass --- second-generation biofuel --- bioenergy --- biodiesel --- non-fossil fuel --- empty fruit bunches --- response surface methodology --- central composite design --- biofuel production technologies --- downstream processing --- energy --- bioethanol production --- agroforest and industrial waste feedstock valorization --- microorganisms for biofuel

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

This research topic aims at enterprise-wide modeling and optimization (EWMO) through the development and application of integrated modeling, simulation and optimization methodologies, and computer-aided tools for reliable and sustainable improvement opportunities within the entire manufacturing network (raw materials, production plants, distribution, retailers, and customers) and its components. This integrated approach incorporates information from the local primary control and supervisory modules into the scheduling/planning formulation. That makes it possible to dynamically react to incidents that occur in the network components at the appropriate decision-making level, requiring fewer resources, emitting less waste, and allowing for better responsiveness in changing market requirements and operational variations, reducing cost, waste, energy consumption and environmental impact, and increasing the benefits. More recently, the exploitation of new technology integration, such as through semantic models in formal knowledge models, allows for the capture and utilization of domain knowledge, human knowledge, and expert knowledge toward comprehensive intelligent management. Otherwise, the development of advanced technologies and tools, such as cyber-physical systems, the Internet of Things, the Industrial Internet of Things, Artificial Intelligence, Big Data, Cloud Computing, Blockchain, etc., have captured the attention of manufacturing enterprises toward intelligent manufacturing systems.

manufacturing process --- additive manufacturing --- IoT --- computer systems and networks --- 3D printing --- digital twin --- Industry 4.0 --- pharmaceutical manufacturing --- biopharmaceutical manufacturing --- process modeling --- mixed-integer linear programming --- bin-packing problem --- material requirements planning --- agri-supply chain management --- variable production rate --- optimal resources --- imperfect production --- eco-efficient production --- closed-loop scheduling --- scheduling stability --- optimal control and scheduling --- fouling --- heat exchanger networks --- continuous manufacturing --- bioprocessing --- process systems engineering --- single-use technology --- AGV—Automated Guided Vehicles --- DES—Discrete Event Simulation --- FMS—Flexible Manufacturing Systems --- OEE—Overall Equipment Efficiency --- WCLcWorld Class Logistic --- abrasive water jet --- cutting --- surface quality --- quality prediction --- 3D simulation modeling and analysis --- model implementation --- bottleneck analysis --- production costs --- resource conservation --- smart manufacturing --- edge computing --- machine learning --- blockchain --- Industrial Internet of Things --- inventory management --- supply chain --- multi-echelon --- stochastic programming --- reinforcement learning --- digitalisation --- model-based --- computational engineering --- process simulation --- LNG terminal --- operational optimization --- BOG compressor --- MINLP --- enterprise process architecture --- new technologies integration --- process intelligence --- real-time monitoring --- fault detection --- predictive process adjustment --- vacuum gripper --- sensor data --- Tri-X Intelligence --- cyber-physical systems --- human-cyber systems --- intelligent systems --- intelligent manufacturing --- multi-parametric programming --- explicit MPC --- enterprise-wide optimisation --- set-point tracking --- algebraic geometry --- continuous pharmaceutical manufacturing --- model predictive control --- state estimation --- quality-by-control (QbC) --- glidant effects --- plant-model mismatch --- regional logistics --- low-carbon economy --- cloud model --- comprehensive evaluation --- Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region --- pharmaceutical manufacture --- uncertainty --- operational flexibility --- operational envelopes --- modeling --- n/a --- AGV-Automated Guided Vehicles --- DES-Discrete Event Simulation --- FMS-Flexible Manufacturing Systems --- OEE-Overall Equipment Efficiency