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Very few materials have attracted so much attention in recent years, both from researchers and industry, as layered double hydroxides (LDHs) have. LDHs, which are also referred to as anionic clays or hydrotalcites, are a wide class of inorganic ionic lamellar clay materials consisting of alternately stacked positively charged metal hydroxide layers with intercalated charge-balancing anions in hydrated interlayer regions. Their unique properties, such as their extremely high versatility in chemical composition and intercalation ability, extraordinary tuneability in composition as well as morphology, good biocompatibility and high anion exchangeability, have triggered immense interdisciplinary interest for their use in many different fields of chemistry, biology, medicine, and physics. Indeed, the applications of LDHs are constantly growing: LDHs, in the form of aggregated lamellar clusters, exfoliated single-layer nanosheets, or hierarchical films of interconnected nanoplatelets, can be effectively used as nanoscale vehicles in drug delivery, heterogeneous catalysts and supports for molecular catalysts, ion exchangers and adsorbents, solid electrolytes or fillers in electrochemistry, for the fabrication of superhydrophobic surfaces, water treatment and purification, and the synthesis of functional thin films. This book gathers the contributions to the Special Issue “Layered Double Hydroxides” of Crystals, which includes two review articles and seven research papers.
layered double hydroxide --- memory effect --- rare earth --- europium --- 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid --- alginate beads --- green sorbent --- selective adsorption --- heavy metals --- tetracycline --- metal hydroxides --- layered double hydroxides --- removal --- water sample --- Bacillus subtilis --- surfactin --- quantitative analysis --- fermentation --- growth phase --- cellular biology --- catalysis --- DNA --- drug delivery --- hydrotalcite --- osteogenesis --- photocatalysis --- RNA. --- antimonate uptake --- mine water --- brandholzite --- zincalstibite --- iron precursor --- acidic residual solution --- LDH synthesis --- Mo(VI) adsorption --- resveratrol --- solid lipid nanoparticles --- endurance exercise --- mitochondrial nutrients --- mitochondrial quality control --- origin of life --- layer double hydroxide --- synthetic biology --- bioinspired devices --- biosensors --- bioanalysis --- n/a
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Drug metabolism/pharmacokinetics and drug interaction studies have been extensively carried out in order to secure the druggability and safety of new chemical entities throughout the development of new drugs. Recently, drug metabolism and transport by phase II drug metabolizing enzymes and drug transporters, respectively, as well as phase I drug metabolizing enzymes, have been studied. A combination of biochemical advances in the function and regulation of drug metabolizing enzymes and automated analytical technologies are revolutionizing drug metabolism research. There are also potential drug–drug interactions with co-administered drugs due to inhibition and/or induction of drug metabolic enzymes and drug transporters. In addition, drug interaction studies have been actively performed to develop substrate cocktails that do not interfere with each other and a simultaneous analytical method of substrate drugs and their metabolites using a tandem mass spectrometer. This Special Issue has the aim of highlighting current progress in drug metabolism/pharmacokinetics, drug interactions, and bioanalysis.
human liver microsomes --- alcohol addiction --- UGT --- ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography --- adalimumab --- procainamide --- LC-MS/MS --- DA-9805 --- paeonol --- LC-QTOF-MS/MS --- YRA-1909 --- chlorogenic acid --- immunoprecipitation --- Eurycoma longifolia --- CYP --- caffeic acid --- rat --- pharmaceutical excipient --- Korean red ginseng extract --- Stauntonia hexaphylla leaf extract --- bioanalysis --- HPLC-MS/MS --- B6 --- eurycomanone --- bioavailability --- drying technology --- GB3 --- diclofenac --- 129-Glatm1Kul/J --- aglycone --- caffeic acid O-glucuronides --- organic anion transporting polypeptide --- protein precipitation --- metabolic stability --- Fabry disease --- biopharmaceuticals --- imperatorin --- neochlorogenic acid --- gastric ulcer --- saikosaponin a --- hair --- anthraquinone --- acetyl tributyl citrate --- pharmacokinetics --- brain distribution --- mematine --- ethyl glucuronide --- pharmacokinetic --- loxoprofen --- liquid chromatography-quadrupole TOF MS --- glucuronidation --- esomeprazole --- metformin --- cytochrome P450 --- glycoside --- AUDIT score --- protein stability --- efficacy --- LC-HR/MS --- cryptochlorogenic acid --- aceclofenac --- drug interaction --- liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry --- Osthenol --- plasma --- N-acetylprocainamide --- diabetes --- Drugs --- Metabolism. --- Drug metabolism --- Pharmacokinetics
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This open access book is only an introduction to show that radiation and radioisotopes (RI) are premier tools to study living plant physiology which leads to new findings. Who had ever imagined that we could see water in a plant? Who had ever imagined that we could see ions moving toward roots in solution? Who had ever imagined that we could see invisible gas (CO2) fixation and movement in a plant? These studies demonstrated for the first time that water, ions and gas can be visualized in living plants, which could be hardly seen by anyone before. This publication summarizes the results obtained by Nakanishi’s lab in The Univ. of Tokyo, based on her original concept and her original tools or systems. It is useful for professional scientists, plant physiologist, and those studying plant imaging. The chapters demonstrates the innovative imaging work of the author, using radioactive tracers and neutron beam to follow the absorption and transport manner of water as well as major, minor, and trace elements in plants. Through these studies the author developed a real-time macroscopic and microscopic imaging system able to apply commercially available gamma- and beta-ray emitters. The real-time movement of the elements is now possible by using 14C, 18F, 22Na, 28Mg, 32P, 33P, 35S, 42K, 45Ca, 48V, 54Mn, 55Fe, 59Fe, 65Zn, 86Rb, 109Cd, and 137Cs. The imaging methods was applied to study the effect of 137Cs following 3/11 Fukushima Daiichi nuclear plant accident, which has revealed the movements of radiocesium in the contaminated sites. .
Plant physiology. --- Biophysics. --- Biological physics. --- Radiology. --- Nuclear chemistry. --- Spectroscopy. --- Materials science. --- Plant Physiology. --- Biological and Medical Physics, Biophysics. --- Imaging / Radiology. --- Nuclear Chemistry. --- Spectroscopy/Spectrometry. --- Materials Science, general. --- Material science --- Physical sciences --- Analysis, Spectrum --- Spectra --- Spectrochemical analysis --- Spectrochemistry --- Spectrometry --- Spectroscopy --- Analytical chemistry --- Interferometry --- Optics --- Radiation --- Wave-motion, Theory of --- Absorption spectra --- Light --- Spectroscope --- Chemistry, Nuclear --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Radiological physics --- Physics --- Biological physics --- Biology --- Medical sciences --- Botany --- Plants --- Physiology --- Qualitative --- Plant Physiology --- Biological and Medical Physics, Biophysics --- Imaging / Radiology --- Nuclear Chemistry --- Spectroscopy/Spectrometry --- Materials Science, general --- Bioanalysis and Bioimaging --- Radiology --- Imaging Techniques --- Open Access --- Living plant activity --- Water imaging --- Element movement --- Visualization of gas fixation --- Fixed carbon movement --- Neutron beam imaging --- Radioisotope imaging --- RI --- 32P --- 33P --- Botany & plant sciences --- Biophysics --- Medical physics --- Medical imaging --- Nuclear chemistry, photochemistry & radiation --- Spectrum analysis, spectrochemistry, mass spectrometry --- Materials science --- Fisiologia vegetal --- Botànica --- Absorció de l'aigua en les plantes --- Assimilació de les plantes --- Creixement (Plantes) --- Ecofisiologia vegetal --- Fecundació de les plantes --- Fisiologia postcollita --- Ritmes biològics en les plantes --- Floració --- Germinació --- Metabolisme de les plantes --- Moviments de les plantes --- Nutrició vegetal --- Reproducció de les plantes --- Respiració de les plantes --- Saprofitisme --- Tropisme --- Biologia molecular vegetal --- Control --- Biofísica --- Química nuclear --- Espectroscòpia --- Anàlisi d'espectre --- Anàlisi dels espectres --- Anàlisi espectral --- Anàlisi espectroscòpica --- Anàlisi espectroquímica --- Espectres (Física) --- Espectroanàlisi --- Espectrografia --- Espectrometria --- Espectroquímica --- Astrofísica --- Interferometria --- Òptica --- Química --- Química analítica qualitativa --- Radiació --- Teoria del moviment ondulatori --- Diagrames de Grotrian --- Espectre ultraviolat --- Espectres atòmics --- Espectrometria de raigs alfa --- Espectrometria de raigs beta --- Espectroscòpia atòmica --- Espectroscòpia d'alta resolució --- Espectroscòpia d'electrons --- Espectroscòpia de làser --- Espectroscòpia de luminiscència --- Espectroscòpia de mobilitat d'ions --- Espectroscòpia de plasma --- Espectroscòpia molecular --- Espectroscòpia nuclear --- Espectroscòpia Raman --- Espectroscòpia de ressonància paramagnètica electrònica --- Radiació ultraviolada --- Ressonància magnètica nuclear --- Astronomia --- Espectre solar --- Espectres d'absorció --- Espectroscopis --- Llum --- Química física --- Biologia física --- Física biològica --- Biologia --- Física --- Absorció (Fisiologia) --- Biologia molecular --- Biònica --- Biomagnetisme --- Biomecànica --- Enginyeria biomèdica --- Física mèdica --- Interfícies biològiques --- Reologia (Biologia) --- Spectrum analysis.
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The very first marine-derived anticancer drug, Cytarabine (aka Ara-C, Cytosar-U®), was approved by the FDA in 1969 for the treatment of leukemia. At the beginning of 2021, the list of approved marine-derived anticancer drugs consists of nine substances, five of which received approval within the last two years, demonstrating the rapid evolution of the field. The current book is a collection of scientific articles related to the exponentially growing field of anticancer marine compounds. These articles cover the whole field, from agents with cancer-preventive activity, to novel and previously characterized compounds with anticancer activity, both in vitro and in vivo, as well as the latest status of compounds under clinical development.
apoptosis --- fucoidan --- hepatocellular carcinoma --- reactive oxygen species --- 3-alkylpyridinium polymers --- nicotine --- nicotinic acetylcholine receptor --- non-small cell lung carcinoma --- melanoma --- sinulariolide --- proteomic --- mitochondria --- caspase cascade --- marine fungus --- sediment --- anthranilic acid --- Penicillium paneum --- cytotoxicity --- dibromotyrosine --- mitochondrial dysfunction --- oxidative stress --- topoisomerase --- epigonal organ --- bonnethead shark --- Jurkat --- tumor cell line --- hippuristanol --- PEL --- AP-1 --- STAT3 --- Akt --- colorectal cancer --- marine mollusc --- brominated indoles --- shrimp --- chemoprevention --- fatty acids --- carotenoids --- cancer --- nanoparticle --- osteosarcoma --- lung metastasis --- elisidepsin --- lipid rafts --- hydroxylated lipids --- fatty acid 2-hydroxylase --- cooperative binding --- membrane permeabilization --- marine organisms --- polysaccharides --- anticancer --- anticarcinogenic --- mechanisms of action --- fumigaclavine C --- anti-proliferation --- mitochondrial pathway --- anti-cancer --- anti-proliferative --- carotenoid --- cell cycle arrest --- fucoxanthin --- azoxymethane --- bioactive natural product --- isatin --- in vivo model --- Marthasterias glacialis L. --- palmitic acid --- ER-stress --- CHOP --- Antibody Drug Conjugates (ADCs) --- marine antitumor agents --- clinical trials --- approved antitumor agents --- AD0157 --- angiogenesis --- marine drug --- pyrrolidinedione --- secondary metabolites --- cancer preventive --- chemopreventive --- trabectedin --- plitidepsin --- tumor-associated macrophages --- tumor microenvironment --- preclinical --- anticancer immunity --- antiangiogenesis --- fascaplysin --- cyclin-dependent kinase --- small cell lung cancer --- camptothecin --- poly(ADP-ribose)-polymerase inhibitor --- breast cancer --- seaweed --- therapeutic compounds --- autophagy --- marine drugs --- autophagy inhibitors --- autophagy inducers --- macrolide --- programmed cell death --- energy stress --- araguspongine C --- c-Met --- HER2 --- gemcitabine --- pazopanib --- phase I --- safety --- soft tissue sarcoma --- pachastrissamine --- jaspine B --- carbocyclic analogue --- sphingosine kinase inhibitor --- molecular modeling --- ET-743 --- DNA minor groove binder --- chemotherapy --- bis (2,3-dibromo-4,5-dihydroxy-phenyl)-methane (BDDPM) --- anti-metastatic activity --- cell adhesion --- β1-integrin --- FAK --- BEL-7402 cell --- triterpene glycosides --- sea cucumbers --- antitumor activities --- arrest of cell cycle --- antibacterial --- marangucyclines --- deep-sea --- Streptomyces sp. SCSIO 11594 --- LS-1 --- SNU-C5/5-FU --- TGF-β signaling --- carcinoembryonic antigen --- kalkitoxin --- Moorea producens --- mitochondria toxin --- VEGF --- angiogenesis inhibitor --- hypoxia-inducible factor-1 --- HIF-1 --- Lyngbya majuscula --- marine metabolites --- SZ-685C --- nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas --- Ecklonia cava --- phlorotannins --- dieckol --- migration --- sipholenol A --- ABC transporter --- multidrug resistance --- P-gp/ABCB1 --- BCRP/ABCG2 --- MRP1/ABCC1 --- marine natural products --- glioblastoma --- xyloketal B --- proliferation --- TRPM7 --- marine compound --- ribosomal protein genes --- snoRNA --- FAU --- RPS30 --- SNORA62 --- evolution --- Porifera --- n/a --- Penicillium brevicompactum --- Brevianamide --- Mycochromenic acid derivative --- antifouling --- Caribbean sponge --- plakortide --- endoperoxide --- leukemia --- multi-drug resistant leukemia --- Sarcophyton ehrenbergi --- soft coral --- terpenes --- cembranoids --- cytotoxic activity --- molecular docking --- uveal melanoma --- virtual screening --- Topo I inhibitor --- low toxic --- natural product --- Ulva fasciata --- selenium-containing polysaccharide-protein complex --- pseudopterosin --- NF-κB --- p65 --- inflammation --- cytokine release --- IL-6 --- TNFα --- MCP-1 --- glucocorticoid receptor --- paulomycins --- Micromonospora --- antitumor --- Cantabrian Sea-derived actinobacteria --- puupehenones --- sponges --- antiangiogenic --- antitumoral --- porifera/sponge --- cancer genes --- molecular oncology --- bromophenol --- molecular mechanisms --- cell cycle --- PI3K/Akt --- p38/ERK --- ROS --- human lung cancer --- glycosaminoglycans --- antiproliferative --- heparan sulphate --- gliotoxin --- NSCLC --- adriamycin resistance --- Sepia ink polysaccharides --- antitumour --- chemosensitization --- anticoagulation --- sea anemone --- drug discovery --- endothelial cells --- RGD motif --- kunitz type inhibitor --- prostate cancer --- antioxidant --- natural marine compounds --- marine biotechnology --- microalgae --- marine sponges --- Aeroplysinin --- Isofistularin --- pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma --- metastasis --- cancer progression --- cell adhesion molecules --- integrin β1 --- hypoxia --- phycocyanin --- non-small cell lung cancer --- NF-κB signaling --- marine-derived drugs --- bioanalysis --- chromatography --- manzamine A --- epithelial–mesenchymal transition --- lung cancer --- circulating tumor cells --- signal transduction --- cisplatin --- Lampetra morii --- buccal gland --- cystatin F --- anti-angiogenesis --- cystatin superfamily --- Antimicrobial peptide (AMP) --- Tilapia piscidin 4 (TP4) --- non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) --- itampolin A --- FBDD --- p38α --- novel inhibitor --- tetracenomycin X --- cyclin D1 --- proteasomal degradation --- p38 --- c-JUN --- λ-carrageenan --- heparanase --- anticoagulant --- depolymerisation --- cell migration --- Aspergillus --- naphthopyrones --- endophytic fungus --- Leathesia nana --- mangrove-derived actinomycete --- ansamycins --- divergolides --- apoptosis-inducing activity --- actinomycin --- EMT --- invasion --- low molecular weight fucoidan extract --- N-Ras --- neuroblastoma-rat sarcoma --- Cancer --- programmed cell death-ligand 1 --- programmed cell death-ligand 2 --- human sarcoma cell line (HT1080 cells) --- human normal diploid fibroblast (TIG-1 cells) --- chimera --- chemical conjugation --- anticancer agent --- hybridization --- α9-nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) --- breast cancer cells --- αO-conotoxin GeXIVA --- targeted therapy --- gorgonian --- Leptogorgia --- humulane sesquiterpenoids --- anticancer activity --- 12-deacetyl-12-epi-scalaradial --- HeLa cells --- Nur77 --- MAPK/ERK pathway --- Mycalin A --- C15 acetogenins --- synthetic analogues --- antiproliferative activity --- A375 and HeLa cell lines --- polyoxygenated steroids --- sponge --- Haliclona gracilis --- Thalassia testudinum --- thalassiolin B --- polyphenols --- CYP1A1 --- benzo[a]pyrene --- JNK1/2 --- natural products --- synergism --- A549 cells --- cytoskeleton --- P2X7 receptor --- pollution --- anti-angiogenic --- gene expression --- HSP90 --- inhibitor --- epithelial-mesenchymal transition
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