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Taking the papers’ collection of this Special Issue as a whole, it is clear that “Municipal Wastewater Management” is an ongoing field of research with the ability to incorporate current environmental and human health challenges. The use of municipal sewage to monitor COVID-19 virus circulation in communities and the estimation of possible outbreaks, even before clinical cases have been identified, is a fact that justifies this. In light of the Coronavirus pandemic, the interest of the impact that research on municipal wastewater management can have on improving humans’ health and protecting the environment is being rethought. In respect to this, there is an essential need for scientific publications that present varieties of case studies and discuss best practices, so as wastewater treatment plants to be seen not only as sites of pollutants removal but also as places where energy is efficiently used and environmental sustainability is being practiced, in close relation to the needs of the community. Viewed in this way, the papers’ collected in this Special Issue are looking forward to reach a broad readership that can gain awareness and understanding of their topics and be stimulated into future research and collaborations that would improve all stakeholders engagement in promoting a sustainable municipal wastewater management.

sewer corrosion --- biocorrosion --- concrete sewers --- ocean dumping --- sewage sludge --- capping method --- London Protocol --- least cost analysis --- integrated fixed-film activated sludge systems --- modified loofah sponge --- bio-carrier --- microbial density --- municipal wastewater --- Greece --- wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) --- history --- policy --- technology trends and applications --- microorganisms --- inactivation --- water matrix --- catalysts --- antibiotic-resistant bacteria --- resistance genes --- heterogeneous catalytic ozonation --- PZC --- p-CBA --- minerals --- thermal treatment --- micropollutants removal --- hybrid constructed wetland --- public acceptance --- wastewater reuse --- wastewater treatment --- waste-water management --- SCADA --- design optimization --- remote control --- IoT --- cloud computing --- disruptive innovation --- lifecycle --- water prices --- water tariffs --- sanitation taxes --- wastewater treatment costs --- energy costs --- household budgets --- screenings --- fats --- biogas potential --- wastewater treatment plant --- energy utilization --- anaerobic digestion --- n/a

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This work provides an overview of special payments that Medicare has been making to rural hospitals and physicians, including documentation of the supply of providers, trends in payments, and Medicare costs per beneficiary.

Medicare. --- Rural Health Services. --- Rural hospitals. --- Rural hospitals - Prospective payment. --- Rural hospitals --- Medicare --- Rural health services --- Health Services --- Insurance, Health --- Delivery of Health Care --- Regional Health Planning --- Medical Assistance --- Legislation as Topic --- Financing, Organized --- Costs and Cost Analysis --- Health Services Needs and Demand --- Rural Health Services --- Health Care Costs --- Medically Underserved Area --- Insurance, Health, Reimbursement --- Economics --- Health Planning --- Insurance --- Health Care Quality, Access, and Evaluation --- Public Assistance --- Health Care Facilities, Manpower, and Services --- Social Control, Formal --- Health Care Economics and Organizations --- Health Care --- Financing, Government --- Public Health --- Medical Care Plans --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Prospective payment --- Cost control --- Government Financing --- Federal Aid --- Financing, Public --- Grants and Subsidies, Government --- Hill-Burton Act --- Subsidies, Government --- Act, Hill-Burton --- Aid, Federal --- Aids, Federal --- Federal Aids --- Government Subsidies --- Government Subsidy --- Hill Burton Act --- Public Financing --- Subsidy, Government --- Community-Based Distribution --- Contraceptive Distribution --- Delivery of Healthcare --- Dental Care Delivery --- Distribution, Non-Clinical --- Distribution, Nonclinical --- Distributional Activities --- Healthcare --- Healthcare Delivery --- Healthcare Systems --- Non-Clinical Distribution --- Nonclinical Distribution --- Delivery of Dental Care --- Health Care Delivery --- Health Care Systems --- Activities, Distributional --- Activity, Distributional --- Care, Health --- Community Based Distribution --- Community-Based Distributions --- Contraceptive Distributions --- Deliveries, Healthcare --- Delivery, Dental Care --- Delivery, Health Care --- Delivery, Healthcare --- Distribution, Community-Based --- Distribution, Contraceptive --- Distribution, Non Clinical --- Distributional Activity --- Distributions, Community-Based --- Distributions, Contraceptive --- Distributions, Non-Clinical --- Distributions, Nonclinical --- Health Care System --- Healthcare Deliveries --- Healthcare System --- Non Clinical Distribution --- Non-Clinical Distributions --- Nonclinical Distributions --- System, Health Care --- System, Healthcare --- Systems, Health Care --- Systems, Healthcare --- Healthcare Economics and Organizations --- Regulation --- Social Control --- Control, Social --- Controls, Social --- Formal Social Control --- Formal Social Controls --- Regulations --- Social Controls --- Healthcare Facilities, Manpower, and Services --- Assistance, Public --- Healthcare Quality, Access, and Evaluation --- Indemnity --- Insurance Premiums --- Insurance Premium --- Premium, Insurance --- Premiums, Insurance --- PL93-641 --- Public Law 93-641 --- Health and Welfare Planning --- National Health Planning and Resources Development Act of 1974 --- Planning, Health and Welfare --- State Health Planning, United States --- Planning, Health --- Public Law 93 641 --- Capital --- Conditions, Economic --- Consumption --- Cost of Living --- Easterlin Hypothesis --- Economic Conditions --- Economic Factors --- Economic Policies --- Economic Policy --- Economics, Home --- Factors, Economic --- Home Economics --- Household Consumption --- Macroeconomic Factors --- Microeconomic Factors --- Policies, Economic --- Policy, Economic --- Production --- Remittances --- Utility Theory --- Consumer Price Index --- Condition, Economic --- Consumer Price Indices --- Consumption, Household --- Economic Condition --- Economic Factor --- Factor, Economic --- Factor, Macroeconomic --- Factor, Microeconomic --- Factors, Macroeconomic --- Factors, Microeconomic --- Household Consumptions --- Hypothesis, Easterlin --- Index, Consumer Price --- Indices, Consumer Price --- Living Cost --- Living Costs --- Remittance --- Theories, Utility --- Theory, Utility --- Utility Theories --- Third-Party Payers --- Health Insurance Reimbursement --- Reimbursement, Health Insurance --- Third-Party Payments --- Health Insurance Reimbursements --- Insurance Reimbursement, Health --- Insurance Reimbursements, Health --- Payer, Third-Party --- Payers, Third-Party --- Payment, Third-Party --- Payments, Third-Party --- Reimbursements, Health Insurance --- Third Party Payers --- Third Party Payments --- Third-Party Payer --- Third-Party Payment --- Area, Medically Underserved --- Health Service Corps, National --- National Health Service Corps --- Physician Shortage Area --- Area, Physician Shortage --- Areas, Medically Underserved --- Areas, Physician Shortage --- Medically Underserved Areas --- Physician Shortage Areas --- Shortage Area, Physician --- Shortage Areas, Physician --- Underserved Area, Medically --- Underserved Areas, Medically --- Costs, Medical Care --- Health Costs --- Healthcare Costs --- Medical Care Costs --- Treatment Costs --- Cost, Health --- Cost, Health Care --- Cost, Healthcare --- Cost, Medical Care --- Cost, Treatment --- Costs, Health --- Costs, Health Care --- Costs, Healthcare --- Costs, Treatment --- Health Care Cost --- Health Cost --- Healthcare Cost --- Medical Care Cost --- Treatment Cost --- Health Services, Rural --- Rural Health Center --- Services, Rural Health --- Center, Rural Health --- Centers, Rural Health --- Health Center, Rural --- Health Centers, Rural --- Health Service, Rural --- Rural Health Centers --- Rural Health Service --- Service, Rural Health --- Health Insurance for Aged, Disabled, Title 18 --- Health Insurance for Aged, Title 18 --- Health Insurance for Aged and Disabled, Title 18 --- Insurance, Health, for Aged and Disabled --- Health Services Needs --- Needs --- Needs and Demand, Health Services --- Target Population --- Health Services Need --- Need, Health Services --- Needs, Health Services --- Population, Target --- Populations, Target --- Target Populations --- Analysis, Cost --- Cost --- Cost Analysis --- Cost Comparison --- Cost Measures --- Cost-Minimization Analysis --- Costs and Cost Analyses --- Costs, Cost Analysis --- Pricing --- Analyses, Cost --- Analyses, Cost-Minimization --- Analysis, Cost-Minimization --- Comparison, Cost --- Comparisons, Cost --- Cost Analyses --- Cost Comparisons --- Cost Measure --- Cost Minimization Analysis --- Cost, Cost Analysis --- Cost-Minimization Analyses --- Costs --- Measure, Cost --- Measures, Cost --- Community Financing --- Grants --- Organized Financing --- Financing, Community --- Grant --- Constitutional Amendments --- Laws and Statutes --- Legislation, Health --- Model Legislation --- Population Law --- Statutes and Laws --- Health Legislation --- Amendment, Constitutional --- Amendments, Constitutional --- Constitutional Amendment --- Law, Population --- Laws, Population --- Legislation, Model --- Population Laws --- Assistance, Medical --- Review, Appropriateness --- Annual Implementation Plans --- Appropriateness Review --- Areawide Planning --- Comprehensive Health Planning --- Annual Implementation Plan --- Appropriateness Reviews --- Health Planning, Comprehensive --- Health Planning, Regional --- Implementation Plan, Annual --- Implementation Plans, Annual --- Plan, Annual Implementation --- Planning, Areawide --- Planning, Comprehensive Health --- Planning, Regional Health --- Plans, Annual Implementation --- Reviews, Appropriateness --- Group Health Insurance --- Health Insurance --- Health Insurance, Voluntary --- Health Insurance, Group --- Insurance, Group Health --- Insurance, Voluntary Health --- Voluntary Health Insurance --- Services, Health --- Health Service --- Service, Health --- Medical services, Rural --- Rural medical services --- Medicare rural hospital prospective payment --- Payment, Rural hospital prospective --- PPS (Medical care) --- Prospective payment, Rural hospital --- Prospective reimbursement, Rural hospital --- Reimbursement, Rural hospital prospective --- Public Policy --- Planning Techniques --- Health Expenditures --- Suburban Health Services --- Health Care Sector --- Health Legislation as Topic --- Community health services --- Medical care --- Medicine, Rural --- Regional medical programs --- Rural health --- Health insurance --- Older people --- Medicaid --- Medigap --- Hospitalization insurance --- Rates --- Medically Underserved Population --- Medically Underserved Populations --- Population, Medically Underserved --- Populations, Medically Underserved --- Underserved Population, Medically --- Underserved Populations, Medically --- Affordability --- Affordabilities --- Health Care Costs. --- Medically Underserved Area. --- Insurance, Health, Reimbursement. --- economics. --- United States.