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The well-known artist Georg Daniel Heumann (1691-1759), who came from Nuremberg, had been appointed as a university copper engraver at the Georgia Augusta in Göttingen in 1740. Because of his interest in itinerant street traders, he became the creator of the Göttingischen Ausruff, a series of prints of 30 artistic etchings. They are a valuable documentation of itinerant trade in a Lower Saxon agrarian town that was becoming a university town and where the traditional rural range of goods competed with the needs of a more sophisticated section of the population. With his excellent powers of observation and delight in detail, Heumann authentically captured the reality of life in Göttingen's street trading and the new ambience of the city. He did not depict types of street vendors, but individuals in their dress, body language, range of goods or services, Low German exclamations, and the way they transported and offered their wares. In the commentary, the editor presents the status of street trading within the Göttingen market regulations and the established guild system, which goods were desired and which were undesirable.Translated with www.DeepL.com/Translator (free version)

copper engravery --- itinerant street traders --- Göttingen

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"In 1670, the ancient homeland of the Cree and Ojibwe people of Hudson Bay became known to the English entrepreneurs of the Hudson's Bay Company as Rupert's Land, after the founder and absentee landlord, Prince Rupert. For four decades, Jennifer S.H. Brown has examined the complex relationships that developed among the newcomers and the Algonquian communities--who hosted and tolerated the fur traders--and later, the missionaries, anthropologists, and others who found their way into Indigenous lives and territories. The eighteen essays gathered in this book explore Brown's investigations into the surprising range of interactions among Indigenous people and newcomers as they met or observed one another from a distance, and as they competed, compromised, and rejected or adapted to change. While diverse in their subject matter, the essays have thematic unity in their focus on the old HBC territory and its peoples from the 1600s to the present. More than an anthology, the chapters of An Ethnohistorian in Rupert's Land provide examples of Brown's exceptional skill in the close study of texts, including oral documents, images, artifacts, and other cultural expressions. The volume as a whole represents the scholarly evolution of one of the leading ethnohistorians in Canada and the United States."--

Ehtnohistory --- Fur trade --- Fur traders --- Indians of North America --- American aborigines --- American Indians --- First Nations (North America) --- Indians of the United States --- Indigenous peoples --- Native Americans --- North American Indians --- Traders, Fur --- Voyageurs (Fur trade) --- Furriers --- Culture --- Ethnology --- Clothing trade --- Trapping --- Ethnohistory --- Ethnohistorical method --- Historical anthropology --- Historical ethnology --- Anthropology --- Methodology --- Hudson's Bay Company --- History. --- Rupert's Land --- Compagnie de la Baie d'Hudson --- Adventurers of England Trading into Hudson's Bay --- Governor and Company of Adventurers of England Trading into Hudson's Bay --- Governour and Company of Adventurers of England Trading into Hudson's Bay --- HBC --- Hudson Bay Company --- Hudson Bay Fur Company --- Hudson's Bay Fur Company --- North West Company --- Prince Rupert's Land --- Manitoba --- fur trade --- Ojibwe --- algonquian studies --- ojibwa --- Cree --- mission history