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This open access book collects the contributions of the seventh school on Magnetism and Synchrotron Radiation held in Mittelwihr, France, from 7 to 12 October 2018. It starts with an introduction to the physics of modern X-ray sources followed by a general overview of magnetism. Next, light / matter interaction in the X-ray range is covered with emphasis on different types of angular dependence of X-ray absorption spectroscopy and scattering. In the end, two domains where synchrotron radiation-based techniques led to new insights in condensed matter physics, namely spintronics and superconductivity, are discussed. The book is intended for advanced students and researchers to get acquaintance with the basic knowledge of X-ray light sources and to step into synchrotron-based techniques for magnetic studies in condensed matter physics or chemistry.

Spectrum analysis, spectrochemistry, mass spectrometry --- Atomic & molecular physics --- Optical physics --- Fluid mechanics --- Circuits & components --- Spectroscopy and Microscopy --- Atomic, Molecular, Optical and Plasma Physics --- Optics, Lasers, Photonics, Optical Devices --- Condensed Matter Physics --- Magnetism, Magnetic Materials --- Semiconductors --- X-Ray Spectroscopy --- Synchrotron Techniques --- Laser-Matter Interaction --- Strongly Correlated Systems --- Magnetism --- x-ray light sources --- x-ray scattering --- spintronics --- Open Access --- Gauge invariance in spectroscopy --- molecular magnestism --- magnetic semiconductors --- Scientific equipment, experiments & techniques --- Applied optics --- Materials / States of matter --- Electricity, electromagnetism & magnetism --- Electronic devices & materials

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This open access book, edited and authored by a team of world-leading researchers, provides a broad overview of advanced photonic methods for nanoscale visualization, as well as describing a range of fascinating in-depth studies. Introductory chapters cover the most relevant physics and basic methods that young researchers need to master in order to work effectively in the field of nanoscale photonic imaging, from physical first principles, to instrumentation, to mathematical foundations of imaging and data analysis. Subsequent chapters demonstrate how these cutting edge methods are applied to a variety of systems, including complex fluids and biomolecular systems, for visualizing their structure and dynamics, in space and on timescales extending over many orders of magnitude down to the femtosecond range. Progress in nanoscale photonic imaging in Göttingen has been the sum total of more than a decade of work by a wide range of scientists and mathematicians across disciplines, working together in a vibrant collaboration of a kind rarely matched. This volume presents the highlights of their research achievements and serves as a record of the unique and remarkable constellation of contributors, as well as looking ahead at the future prospects in this field. It will serve not only as a useful reference for experienced researchers but also as a valuable point of entry for newcomers.

Spectroscopy. --- Microscopy. --- Lasers. --- Photonics. --- Optical data processing. --- Nanoscale science. --- Nanoscience. --- Nanostructures. --- Materials science. --- Spectroscopy and Microscopy. --- Biological Microscopy. --- Optics, Lasers, Photonics, Optical Devices. --- Computer Imaging, Vision, Pattern Recognition and Graphics. --- Nanoscale Science and Technology. --- Characterization and Evaluation of Materials. --- Nano science --- Nanoscale science --- Nanosciences --- Science --- Optical computing --- Visual data processing --- Bionics --- Electronic data processing --- Integrated optics --- Photonics --- Computers --- New optics --- Optics --- Light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation --- Masers, Optical --- Optical masers --- Light amplifiers --- Light sources --- Optoelectronic devices --- Nonlinear optics --- Optical parametric oscillators --- Analysis, Microscopic --- Light microscopy --- Micrographic analysis --- Microscope and microscopy --- Microscopic analysis --- Optical microscopy --- Analysis, Spectrum --- Spectra --- Spectrochemical analysis --- Spectrochemistry --- Spectrometry --- Spectroscopy --- Chemistry, Analytic --- Interferometry --- Radiation --- Wave-motion, Theory of --- Absorption spectra --- Light --- Spectroscope --- Material science --- Physical sciences --- Nanoscience --- Physics --- Optical equipment --- Qualitative --- Analytical chemistry --- Spectroscopy and Microscopy --- Biological Microscopy --- Optics, Lasers, Photonics, Optical Devices --- Computer Imaging, Vision, Pattern Recognition and Graphics --- Nanoscale Science and Technology --- Characterization and Evaluation of Materials --- Life Sciences --- Laser --- Nanophysics --- Characterization and Analytical Technique --- X-ray optics --- X-ray imaging --- Mathematical imaging --- Sub-diffraction optical microscopy --- Multidimensional microscopy --- High resolution spectroscopy --- Lensless imaging --- Time dependent x-ray scattering --- Inverse optical problems --- Nano biophotonics --- DFG funded OA book --- Nanoscale optical imaging --- Nanoscale biological imaging --- Open Access --- Spectrum analysis, spectrochemistry, mass spectrometry --- Scientific equipment, experiments & techniques --- Biology, life sciences --- Optical physics --- Applied optics --- Computer vision --- Nanotechnology --- Testing of materials

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This open access book is a must-read for students of and beginners in soil science. In a well-organized and easy-to-follow manner, it provides basic outlines of soil minerals, new methods and recent developments in the field, with a special focus on visual aids. The chapters on primary minerals, secondary minerals, non-crystalline inorganic constituents and inorganic constituents sensitive to varying redox conditions will help readers understand the basic components of soils. Further, readers are introduced to new analytical methods with the aid of microscopy and recent developments in the field. Uniquely, the book features case studies on the identification and isolation methods for vivianite crystals from paddy field soils, as well as a identical procedure for identifying noncrystalline constituents such as volcanic glasses and plant opals, which can also be applied to other soils depending on the local conditions. Given its focus and coverage, the book will be useful to all readers who are interested in agronomy, plant production science, agricultural chemistry and environmental science. In addition, it can help biogeochemists further expand their research work on the rhizosphere of wetland plant roots, iron and phosphate dynamics, etc.

Soil conservation. --- Agriculture. --- Environmental chemistry. --- Chemistry, inorganic. --- Soil Science & Conservation. --- Biogeosciences. --- Spectroscopy and Microscopy. --- Environmental Chemistry. --- Inorganic Chemistry. --- Inorganic chemistry --- Chemistry --- Inorganic compounds --- Chemistry, Environmental --- Ecology --- Farming --- Husbandry --- Industrial arts --- Life sciences --- Food supply --- Land use, Rural --- Conservation of soil --- Erosion control, Soil --- Soil erosion --- Soil erosion control --- Soils --- Agricultural conservation --- Soil management --- Control --- Prevention --- Conservation --- Soil science. --- Geobiology. --- Spectroscopy. --- Microscopy. --- Inorganic chemistry. --- Analysis, Microscopic --- Light microscopy --- Micrographic analysis --- Microscope and microscopy --- Microscopic analysis --- Optical microscopy --- Optics --- Analysis, Spectrum --- Spectra --- Spectrochemical analysis --- Spectrochemistry --- Spectrometry --- Spectroscopy --- Chemistry, Analytic --- Interferometry --- Radiation --- Wave-motion, Theory of --- Absorption spectra --- Light --- Spectroscope --- Biology --- Earth sciences --- Biosphere --- Pedology (Soil science) --- Agriculture --- Qualitative --- Analytical chemistry --- Environment --- Soil science --- Soil conservation --- Geobiology --- Microscopy --- Environmental chemistry