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Food safety is a matter of great significance for the global population. Therefore, researchers have been developing and validating analytical methods to extract, separate and quantitate a variety of hazardous and nutritional analytes in various food commodities. Due to the complexity of food components, a suitable pretreatment method is required to eliminate matrix effects and lower the detection limit. Afterward, chromatography and mass spectrometry are powerful tools in the guarantee of food safety and quality. This book is the reprint of a Special Issue of Separations, “Advances of Accurate Quantification Methods in Food Analysis”, and provides an overview of recent trends in food analytical methods. Both novel sample pretreatment and detection techniques are covered, with the aim of accurate quantification. This Special Issue received nine contributions that covered the latest analytical methods, and focused on pesticides, mycotoxin, antibiotics, metal ions, organic selenium and anthocyanins.

Research & information: general --- Chemistry --- Analytical chemistry --- extract-dilute-shoot --- fosetyl-aluminum --- hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography --- wheat flour --- broiler tissue --- orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry --- mycotoxins --- rapid screening --- solid phase extraction --- selenium --- speciation --- enzymatic hydrolysis --- HPLC-ICP-MS --- egg --- aquaculture products --- antibiotic residues --- liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) --- sample pre-treatment --- matrix effects --- QuEChERS --- gas-chromatography high resolution mass spectrometry --- liquid-chromatography high resolution mass spectrometry --- pesticide residues --- cottonseed hull --- raw milk 1 --- pesticides 2 --- screening 3 --- QuEChERS 4 --- high-throughput 5 --- mini solid-phase extraction --- multiclass pesticide residues --- tobacco --- gas chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry --- arsenic speciation --- rice flour --- ultrasound-assisted extraction --- anthocyanins --- grapes --- UPLC-Q-TOFMS --- QAMS --- n/a

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Since their discovery, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) have received tremendous attention due to their unique electrical, optical, physical, chemical, and mechanical properties. Remarkable advances have been made in the synthesis, purification, structural characterization, functionalization, and application of MWCNTs. Their particular characteristics make them well suited for a plethora of applications in a number of fields, namely nanoelectronics, nanofluids, energy management, (electro)catalysis, materials science, construction of (bio)sensors based on different detection schemes, multifunctional nanoprobes for biomedical imaging, and sorbents for sample preparation or removal of contaminants from wastewater. They are also useful as anti-bacterial agents, drug delivery nanocarriers, etc. The current relevant application areas are countless. This Special Issue presents original research and review articles that address advances, trends, challenges, and future perspectives regarding synthetic routes, structural features, properties, behaviors, and industrial or scientific applications of MWCNTs in established and emerging areas.

graphene oxide --- n/a --- Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube (MWCNT) --- elution --- gold nanoparticles --- MHD --- heck reaction --- drug delivery --- carbon-nanotubes --- water based nanofluid --- zeolitic imidazolate framework --- Ionic liquid --- electroanalysis --- curved stretching sheet --- multiwalled carbon nanotubes --- lubricating oil additives --- hydrophobic drugs --- agricultural irrigation water --- polarity --- cerium oxide --- adsorption --- electrical properties --- non-linear thermal radiation --- electrochemical properties --- nanomaterials --- radar absorbing materials --- chloride diffusion --- RAFT polymerization --- synthesis methods --- gold(III) --- mechanical properties --- dissolution rate --- carbon materials --- electrochemical sensors --- magnetic solid phase extraction --- silicone rubber --- Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube (SWCNT) --- Pd-CNT nanohybrids --- kinetics --- nonylphenol --- boundary layer --- Casson model --- sensing applications --- organochlorine pesticides --- composites --- multi-wall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) --- polymeric composites --- carbon nanotubes --- structural --- azide-alkyne click chemistry --- functionalized carbon nanotubes --- heat generation --- EMI shielding --- gold(I) --- cement mortars --- semi-homogeneous catalysis --- functionalized CNTs --- nanomedicine --- multi-walled carbon nanotubes --- numerical solution --- PMMA --- HAM --- complex permittivity --- thermal radiation --- stretching sheet

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Five years of Separations are celebrated by a collection of ten feature articles: one review and nine research articles on topics of current interest. Applications of Gas Chromatography for the Analysis of Tricyclic Antidepressants in Biological Matrices are presented focusing on novel extraction techniques and novel materials used for sample preparation due to the great demand for method development for the determination of TCAs in biofluids, especially for therapeutic drug monitoring. Original research articles include the following: 1. Insights into the Mechanism of Separation of Bisphosphonates by Zwitterionic Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography: Application to the Quantitation of Risedronate in Pharmaceuticals. 2. A method based on micro-matrix solid-phase dispersion (μ-MSPD) followed by gas-chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (GC–MS/MS), developed to analyze UV filters in personal care products. 3. The performance of a vibratory shear-enhanced process (VSEP) combined with an appropriate membrane unit for the treatment of simulated or industrial tannery wastewaters. 4. A method for the analysis of thyroid hormones by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry that was used for the dissolution testing of single- and dual-component thyroid hormone supplements via a two-stage biorelevant dissolution procedure. 5. A method involving the collection and determination of organic and inorganic gunshot residues on hands using online in-tube solid-phase microextraction (IT-SPME) coupled to miniaturized capillary liquid chromatography with diode array detection (CapLC-DAD) and scanning electron microscopy coupled to energy dispersion X-ray (SEM-EDX), respectively, for quantifying both residues. 6. The gas chromatographic retention behavior of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and alkylated PAHs on a new ionic liquid stationary phase, 1,12-di(tripropylphosphonium) dodecane bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (SLB®-ILPAH) intended for the separation of PAH mixtures, which was compared with the elution pattern on more traditional stationary phases: a non-polar phenyl arylene (DB-5ms) and a semipolar 50% phenyl dimethyl siloxane (SLB PAHms) column. 7. The Multiple-Stage Precursor Ion Separation and High Resolution Mass Spectrometry toward Structural Characterization of 2,3-Diacyltrehalose Family from Mycobacterium tuberculosis 8. The use of micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) for studying the hydrophobic character of modified Monomethyl Auristatin E derivatives, as Novel Candidates for the Design of Antibody–Drug Conjugates, which are promising state-of-the-art biopharmaceutical drugs for selective drug-delivery applications and the treatment of diseases such as cancer. 9. The use of recycled diatomaceous earth as the extraction phase in solid phase microextraction (SPME) technique for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in river water samples, with separation/detection performed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).

recycled diatomaceous earth --- solid phase microextraction --- polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons --- gas chromatography-mass spectrometry --- antibody-drug conjugate --- biopharmaceutical --- cytotoxicity --- hydrophobicity --- micellar electrokinetic chromatography --- tandem mass spectrometry --- linear ion trap --- glycolipid --- diacyltrehalose --- Mycobacterium tuberculosis --- bisphosphonates --- risedronate --- zoledronate --- tiludronate --- ZIC-HILIC --- PDA --- quantitation --- tablets --- ionic liquid stationary phase --- gas chromatography --- chromatographic selectivity --- alkylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (alkylated PAHs) --- diphenylamine --- gunshot residues --- hands --- dry cotton swab --- in-tube solid-phase extraction --- capillary liquid chromatography --- SEM-EDX --- thyroid --- dissolution --- liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry --- membrane filtration-treatment --- membrane type-operation --- membrane fouling mechanism --- tannery industrial wastewater --- vibratory shear-enhanced process (VSEP) --- tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) --- sample treatment --- biological fluids --- UV filters --- matrix solid-phase dispersion --- μ-MSPD --- miniaturized extraction technique --- GC–MS/MS --- cosmetic analysis --- personal care products --- fragrance allergens --- preservatives --- plasticizers --- synthetic musks

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The Special Issue of Separations, “Development of Alternative Green Sample Preparation Techniques”, provides an overview on recent trends in green sample preparation. This Special Issue of Separations collates 11 impressive contributions that describe the state-of-the-art in the development of green extraction technologies, from green materials for microextraction to the development of new sampling devices geometries for enhanced extraction efficiency and analysis throughput.

Gac --- seeds --- Momordica cochinchinensis --- extraction --- trypsin inhibitors --- optimisation --- freeze drying --- response surface methodology --- metal-organic frameworks --- analytical chemistry --- sorbent materials --- stationary phases --- sensors --- sample preparation --- green considerations --- biosorbents --- microextraction --- organic compounds --- green extraction phases --- TF-SPME --- thermal desorption --- environmental analysis --- flavor and fragrance --- onsite sampling --- in vivo analysis --- ultra-trace analysis --- bar adsorptive microextraction --- floating sampling technology --- high-performance liquid chromatography --- polar UV filters --- real matrices --- foodomics --- Brazilian yeast --- craft beer --- sensomics --- automation --- sample handling --- chemical warfare agent --- SPE --- LLE --- non-invasive sampling --- wearable devices --- extractive patches --- skin sampling --- passive sampling --- green sampling technologies --- microextraction techniques --- body fluids --- bioactive compounds --- clinical and forensic analysis --- metal extraction --- liquid–liquid extraction --- solid-phase extraction --- solid-phase microextraction --- green extraction methods --- SPME --- green chemistry --- air sampling --- complex matrices --- mass spectrometry --- n/a --- liquid-liquid extraction

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Targeted therapy has developed significantly in the last one and half decades, prescribing specific medications for treatment of particular diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, and heart disease. One of the most exciting recent developments in targeted therapies was the isolation of disease-specific molecules from natural resources, such as animal venoms and plant metabolites/toxins, for use as templates for new drug motif designs. In addition, the study of venom proteins/peptides and toxins naturally targeted mammalian receptors and demonstrated high specificity and selectivity towards defined ion channels of cell membranes. Research has also focsed intensely on receptors. The focus of this Special Issue of Toxins addressed the most recent advances using animal venoms, such as frog secretions, bee/ant venoms and plant/fungi toxins, as medicinal therapy. Recent advances in venom/toxin/immunotoxins for targeted cancer therapy and immunotherapy, along with using novel disease-specific venom-based protein/peptide/toxin and currently available FDA-approved drugs for combinationtreatments will be discussed. Finally, we included an overview of select promising toad/snake venom-based peptides/toxins potentially able to address the forthcoming challenges in this field. Both research and review articles proposing novelties or overviews, respectively, were published in this Special Issue after rigorous evaluation and revision by expert peer reviewers.

cane toad --- n/a --- B cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma --- Malaysian cobras --- complement system --- decay accelerating factor --- neuroblastoma --- atopic dermatitis --- complement dependent cytotoxicity --- antioxidant enzymes --- bacterial adhesion --- cancer therapy --- N. kaouthia --- anuran skin secretion --- frog --- Apis mellifera syriaca --- solid phase extraction --- bee venom phospholipase A2 (bvPLA2) --- disintegrin --- toad toxins --- immunotoxins --- ribosome-inactivating proteins --- antimicrobial peptide (AMP) --- drug design --- Moxetumomab pasudotox --- snake venom --- antiviral activity --- in vitro effects --- bombesin-related peptide --- oxidative stress biomarkers --- half-life --- blood vessel formation --- target therapy --- 2 --- MYCN --- indolealkylamines --- Huachansu --- membrane attack complex --- bouganin --- bee venom --- SEM --- anticancer activity --- antimicrobial peptide --- house dust mite extract (DFE) --- mannose receptor --- O. hannah --- bicarinalin --- gastric cells --- melittin --- LC-ESI-MS --- dermaseptin --- smooth muscle --- apoptosis --- anticancer --- N. sumatrana --- Helicobacter pylori --- inflammation --- immunotherapy --- atopic dermatitis (AD) --- immunotoxin --- mantle cell lymphoma --- clearance --- mass spectrometry --- Bougainvillea --- rRNA N-glycosylase activity --- fungal toxin --- skin inflammation --- targeted therapy --- 4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) --- Bee venom --- VEGF --- Chansu --- bufadienolides --- obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) --- BLF1 --- antimicrobial activity --- orellanine --- VB6-845 --- acute lymphoblastic leukemia --- ribosome-inactivating protein --- CD206 --- molecular cloning --- cancer --- CD22 --- eIF4A --- obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)