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Maritime trade is the backbone of the world's economy. Around ninety percent of all goods are transported by ship, and since World War II, shipbuilding has undergone major changes in response to new commercial pressures and opportunities. Early British dominance, for example, was later undermined in the 1950s by competition from the Japanese, who have since been overtaken by South Korea and, most recently, China. The case studies in this volume trace these and other important developments in the shipbuilding and ship repair industries, as well as workers' responses to these historic transformations.
Shipbuilding. --- Naval construction --- Ship-building --- Ships --- Design and construction --- Shipbuilding industry --- History --- Employees --- Boatbuilding --- Naval architecture --- Shipyards --- Maintenance and repair. --- Merchant ships --- Ship maintenance --- Ship repairing --- Damage control (Warships) --- Shipbuilding --- Maintenance and repair --- Repairing --- competition. --- ship repair. --- workers. --- world market.
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The more accurately a cost index captures a shipbuilder's risk, the less the Navy should have to pay its shipbuilders. The Navy uses such indexes to correct for significant cost risks outside its shipbuilders' control. A longtime material-cost index in Navy shipbuilding is the steel-vessel index, but it is outdated and volatile. The authors urge the Navy to develop a modern-vessel index that more appropriately represents the materials used today.
Shipbuilding -- Costs. --- Shipbuilding -- Materials. --- Ships, Iron and steel. --- Shipbuilding --- Ships, Iron and steel --- Naval Architecture --- Military & Naval Science --- Law, Politics & Government --- Military planning --- War on Terrorism, 2001-2009 --- Armies --- Costs --- Materials --- Costs. --- Materials. --- Iron and steel ships --- Iron ships --- Steel and iron ships --- Steel ships --- Iron, Structural --- Naval architecture --- Armored vessels --- Shipbuilding subsidies
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Thomas R. Heinrich explores American shipbuilding from the workshop level to subcontracting networks spanning the Delaware Valley.Winner of the North American Society for Oceanic History's John Lyman Book AwardOriginally published in 1996. Sustained by a skilled work force and the Pennsylvania iron and steel industry, Philadelphia shipbuilders negotiated the transition from wooden to iron hull construction earlier and far more easily that most other builders. Between the Civil War and World War I, Philadelphia emerged as the vital center of American shipbuilding, constructing a wide variety of vessel types such as passenger liners, freighters, battleships, and cruisers.In Ships for the Seven Seas, Thomas R. Heinrich explores this complex industry from the workshop level to subcontracting networks spanning the Delaware Valley. He describes entrepreneurial strategies and industrial change that facilitated the rise of major shipbuilding firms; how naval architecture, marine engineering, and craft skills evolved as iron and steel overtook wood as the basic construction material; and how changes in domestic and international trade and the rise of the American steel navy helped generate vessel contracts for local builders. Heinrich also examines the formation of the military-industrial complex in the context of naval contracting.Contributing to current debates in business history, Ships for the Seven Seas explains how proprietary ownership and batch production strategies enabled late nineteenth-century builders to supply volatile markets with custom-built steamships. But large-scale naval construction in the 1920s eroded production flexibility, Heinrich argues, and since then, ill-conceived merchant marine policies and naval contracting procedures have brought about a structural crisis in American shipbuilding and the demise of the venerable Philadelphia shipyards.
Shipbuilding industry --- History. --- Philadelphia (Pa.) --- Philadelphia, Pa. --- Pennsylvania --- History of the Americas
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Les récentes découvertes d’épaves de barges fluviales gallo-romaines à Lyon (place Tolozan et Parc Saint-Georges) et à Arles, auxquels s’ajoutent les épaves de Chalon-sur-Saône, ont non seulement attiré l’attention sur la batellerie fluviale et lacustre gallo-romaine mais aussi porté au premier plan des recherches le bassin rhodanien et le midi de la Gaule jusque-là peu présent ou même totalement absent du débat. Or les particularités de ces épaves renouvellent fondamentalement le sujet en montrant l’existence d’une tradition régionale « Rhône-Saône » mettant en lumière des influences maritimes méditerranéennes. Dès lors, il devenait intéressant de confronter ces recherches, intéressant le bassin fluvial Rhône-Saône et le midi de la Gaule, à celles menées sur l’Europe du Nord qui avaient monopolisé le débat sur la construction navale gallo-romaine. À partir de données provenant de l’arc rhénan (Allemagne, Pays- Bas) et du lac de Neuchâtel (Suisse), ces recherches avaient jusqu’alors mis en évidence l’existence des seules groupes régionaux « Rhénan » et « Alpin ». Il est aussi apparu enrichissant d’élargir le sujet de cet ouvrage à d’autres épaves, comme l’épave lagunaire de la Conque des Salins (étang de Thau, Hérault), encore peu connue, et l’épave du chaland de la Ljubljanica (Slovénie), de découverte plus ancienne, dont les caractéristiques s’inscrivent dans le cadre de la nouvelle problématique définie autour des notions de pratiques régionales et d’influences maritimes méditerranéennes. C’est, au total, à un renouvellement complet du panorama de la construction navale et de la batellerie gallo-romaine que nous invite cet ouvrage. Ce dernier, richement illustré, comporte de nombreuses contributions de spécialistes français et étrangers qui remettent au premier plan les études sur la batellerie antique et montrent l’intérêt de ces recherches en un domaine trop souvent considéré comme mineur.
Inland water transportation --- Shipbuilding --- Ships, Ancient --- Navigation --- Transports de navigation intérieure --- Construction navale --- Navires anciens --- History --- History. --- Histoire --- France --- Europe --- Antiquities, Roman. --- Antiquités romaines --- Transports de navigation intérieure --- Antiquités romaines --- Antiquités gallo-romaines -- Europe -- Actes de congrès --- History & Archaeology --- archéologie subaquatique --- construction navale --- barge --- port --- underwater archaeology --- shipbuilding --- harbour
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For the first time since the design of the first nuclear submarine, the U.S. Navy has no nuclear submarine design program under way, which raises the possibility that design capability could be lost. Such a loss could result in higher costs and delays when the next submarine design is undertaken, as well as risks to system performance and safety. The authors estimate and compare the costs and delays of letting design capability erode vs. those of alternative means of managing the workload and workforce over the gap in design demand and beyond. The authors recommend that the Navy consider stret
Electronic books. --- Navy-yards and naval stations. --- Nuclear submarines. --- Shipbuilding industry. --- Nuclear submarines --- Shipbuilding industry --- Navy-yards and naval stations --- Naval Science - General --- Military & Naval Science --- Law, Politics & Government --- Design and construction --- Employees --- Atomic submarines --- Nuclear-powered submarines --- Navy-yards and naval stations, American --- Ships --- Nuclear warships --- Submarines (Ships) --- Fleet ballistic missile weapons systems
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This book, full of quantitative evidence and limited-circulation archives, details manufacturing and the beginnings of industrialisation in China from 1644 to 1911. It thoroughly examines the interior organisation of public craft production and the complementary activities of the private sector. It offers detailed knowledge of shipbuilding and printing. Moreover, it contributes to the research of labour history and the rise of capitalism in China through its examination of living conditions, working conditions, and wages.
Handicraft industries --- Artisans --- Handicraft --- Crafts (Handicrafts) --- Handcraft --- Occupations --- Decorative arts --- Manual training --- Sloyd --- Artizans --- Craftsmen --- Craftspeople --- Craftspersons --- Skilled labor --- Cottage industries --- History. --- Government policy --- Labor policy --- Printing --- Shipbuilding --- China --- Civilization --- Naval construction --- Ship-building --- Ships --- Boatbuilding --- Naval architecture --- Shipyards --- Labor --- State and labor --- Economic policy --- Design and construction --- Craft history --- socioeconomic history --- Qing administration --- guilds
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"Sulphuric Utopias presents the comprehensive history of fumigation in early-twentieth-century global health. It tells the story of a technology that transformed global practices of maritime quarantine through the combination of chemical and engineering innovation. Fumigation combined chemical and industrial engineering so as to apply gases like sulphur dioxide and sulphuric acid to the task of eliminating pathogens, insects, and rats while leaving goods and the structure of the vessel itself unharmed. Its purpose was to shorten detention times of ships and cargo in quarantine stations, to minimize the risk of importing infectious diseases, such as yellow fever and plague, and to establish universally applicable standards of hygiene in maritime trade. Sulphuric Utopias explores this overlooked but historically crucial practice at the intersection of epidemiology, hygiene, applied chemistry and engineering. Focused on the invention, experimentation, and transformation of competing technologies, it posits maritime fumigation at the pivot of the emergence of visions and practices of modern sanitary globalization. The book unpacks this story around a machine, developed and patented in the disease-ridden swamps of 1890s New Orleans: the Clayton apparatus. A simple furnace, attached to a ventilator, the Clayton could exchange the air of enclosed compartments with SO2. Initially emerging as a response to the threat of yellow fever in the American South, the apparatus quickly assumed a global role in the context of the third plague pandemic (1894-1959). By 1905, the apparatus would be installed in ports across the globe, pioneering the emerging paradigm of complete maritime deratization and disinfection. As the book shows, however, far from claiming a monopoly on maritime fumigation, the global distribution of the Clayton unfolded within the context of a persistent competition with other innovative technologies of fumigation. The book explores the complex international landscape of fumigation experiments, trials, applications and conferences at the turn of the twentieth century. It shows how, for the first time, an international community of researchers, epidemiologists and sanitarians deliberated a scientifically sound mode of fumigation, that would kill pathogens as much as insects and rats. Sulphuric Utopias is focused on the invention, contestation, transformation, and eventual overcoming of the Clayton apparatus. The book thus draws the history of a process that was, for the first time, based on a combination of scientific principles and industrial design, leading both to more efficient epidemic control in the context of pandemic crises and to the standardization of maritime sanitary rules and conditions. At the same time, the global project for maritime fumigation fueled hygienic utopian visions of disease-free trade, liberated from the burden of quarantine and infection alike. In this sense, the book will locate the Clayton in the context of early economic globalization and transnational scientific collaboration to show how maritime fumigation worked as a powerful switch between bacteriological science, industrial prophylaxis, and the spectacle of technological triumph over epidemic threats"--
Ships --- Fumigation --- History --- Vessels (Ships) --- Boats and boating --- Shipbuilding --- quarantine --- shipping --- disinfection --- plague --- yellow fever --- disease --- cholera --- hygiene --- syphilis --- Chemical apparatus. --- Disinfection --- SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY & SOCIETY/History of Science --- SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY & SOCIETY/History of Technology --- SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY & SOCIETY/General --- Apparatus, Chemical --- Chemical instruments --- Chemistry --- Physical instruments --- Scientific apparatus and instruments --- Apparatus --- Instruments
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"Riksäpplet deals with a shipwreck that has a neglected position in the grand narrative of the history of the Swedish navy. The story of its destiny and the missing accounts in scholarly and popular works in history says something about heritage processes within Swedish maritime archaeology. On 5 June 1676 Riksäpplet came loose and adrift from its moorings outside Dalarö Sea fortress. The hull struck a rock and sank. The loss was considered both ignominious and embarrassing and the ship’s fate has been overlooked in all major history books. The rock onto which Riksäpplet sank was named ‘Äpplet’ after the incident, and the wreck itself has become an integrated component of the underwater seascape. As a consequence the wreckage has never enjoyed a proper ‘discovery’ or undergone documentation under the sensational forms that many other famous shipwrecks have, even though they have sunk in more inconvenient places.In Eriksson’s study the official handling of Riksäpplet’s wrecked body is compared to the more wellknown ships Kronan and Svärdet, which both sank during battle only days before. Eriksson draws on different motifs and driving forces behind the study of naval wrecks from the period from his comparison, and the differences are discussed. Riksäpplet has never achieved a prominent position with the romanticising works of history that honour the national heroes and their deeds which are associated with this era of the Swedish Empire. The first half of the book thus sets out to unpack the ideas that have led to the relative disinterest in Riksäpplet in comparison to other shipwrecks. The second half of the book sets out to analyse Riksäpplet from a specific archaeological perspective, with focus on the ship as material culture. Eriksson’s departure is to explore the relatively low budget fieldwork that has been done at the wreck site. He the combines those facts with a survey of the artefacts recovered from the wreck, of which all are kept in museum archives and private collections. This, in addition to his studies of preserved written correspondence concerning the construction of the ship, has brought new insights into seventeenth-century shipbuilding and how the balance between the global political superpowers affected this trade. In this context Riksäpplet has great potential to show how military alliances are materialized through ships’ architecture.
History --- Early modern history: c 1450/1500 to c 1700 --- Archaeology --- Underwater archaeology --- Archaeological science, methodology & techniques --- Military & naval ships --- Riksäpplet (Ship) --- Stockholm (Sweden) --- Antiquities. --- Estocolmo (Sweden) --- Holmia (Sweden) --- Stoccolma (Sweden) --- Stokgolʹm (Sweden) --- Stokholm (Sweden) --- Stockholms stad (Sweden) --- Estocolm (Sweden) --- Estocolme (Sweden) --- Estokolmo (Sweden) --- Gorad Stakgolʹm (Sweden) --- STO (City : Sweden) --- Stjokolna (Sweden) --- Stoccholm (Sweden) --- Tukholma (Sweden) --- Stockholms kommun (Sweden) --- early modern period --- swedish empire --- shipbuilding --- salvage --- shipwreck --- baltic sea
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This book summarizes results of longstanding research and scientific contributions from many projects and relevant working groups. It collects and evaluates wind and wave climate projections under changing climate having design needs and marine safety in focus. Potential impact of projected climate change in met-ocean conditions on ships and offshore structures is discussed and illustrated by an example of the expected wave climate change on tanker design. The monograph is intended for students, researchers and industry based engineers who want a summary of the many studies that have been carried out on climate change effects on wind and waves and their importance for design and operations of ship and offshore structures. The reader needs only a moderate knowledge of marine wind and wave climate to follow the text.
Climatic changes -- Risk management. --- Ocean waves. --- Offshore structures -- Design and construction. --- Shipbuilding. --- Ocean waves --- Shipbuilding --- Offshore structures --- Climatic changes --- Mathematics --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Mathematical Statistics --- Design and construction --- Risk management --- Design and construction. --- Risk management. --- Climate change risk management --- Breakers --- Sea waves --- Surf --- Swell --- Statistics. --- Climate change. --- Quality control. --- Reliability. --- Industrial safety. --- Statistics for Engineering, Physics, Computer Science, Chemistry and Earth Sciences. --- Climate Change Management and Policy. --- Quality Control, Reliability, Safety and Risk. --- Industrial accidents --- Industries --- Job safety --- Occupational hazards, Prevention of --- Occupational health and safety --- Occupational safety and health --- Prevention of industrial accidents --- Prevention of occupational hazards --- Safety, Industrial --- Safety engineering --- Safety measures --- Safety of workers --- Accidents --- System safety --- Dependability --- Trustworthiness --- Conduct of life --- Factory management --- Industrial engineering --- Reliability (Engineering) --- Sampling (Statistics) --- Standardization --- Quality assurance --- Quality of products --- Changes, Climatic --- Climate change --- Climate changes --- Climate variations --- Climatic change --- Climatic fluctuations --- Climatic variations --- Global climate changes --- Global climatic changes --- Climatology --- Climate change mitigation --- Teleconnections (Climatology) --- Statistical analysis --- Statistical data --- Statistical methods --- Statistical science --- Econometrics --- Prevention --- Environmental aspects --- Oceanography --- Water waves --- System safety. --- Safety, System --- Safety of systems --- Systems safety --- Industrial safety --- Systems engineering --- Statistics . --- Changes in climate --- Climate change science --- Global environmental change --- Statistics for Engineering, Physics, Computer Science, Chemistry and Earth Sciences --- Climate Change Management and Policy --- Quality Control, Reliability, Safety and Risk
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This book derives from the Special Issue of the Manufacturing Engineering Society 2019 (SIMES-2019) that has been launched as a joint issue of the journals Materials and Applied Sciences. The 29 contributions published in this Special Issue of Materials present cutting-edge advances in the field of manufacturing engineering focusing on additive manufacturing and 3D printing; advances and innovations in manufacturing processes; sustainable and green manufacturing; manufacturing of new materials; metrology and quality in manufacturing; industry 4.0; design, modeling, and simulation in manufacturing engineering; and manufacturing engineering and society. Among them, the topic "Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing" has attracted a large number of contributions in this journal due to its widespread popularity and potential.
Bayesian inference --- control chart --- dynamic methodology --- hidden Markov chain --- occupational accident --- risk assessment --- risk control --- risk management --- Fused Deposition Modeling --- roughness --- Polylactic Acid --- print orientation angle --- build angle --- titanium alloys --- sustainable lubrication --- cryogenic lubrication --- MQL --- OD grinding --- CBN --- dressing --- rotary dresser --- wear --- CVD diamond --- additive manufacturing --- 3D printing --- fused filament fabrication --- flexural properties --- fatigue --- PLA --- cements --- ballast waste --- cornubianite --- mechanical properties --- Spain --- joining --- forming --- sheet–tube connections --- experimentation --- modelling and simulation --- quality enhancement --- process parameters --- design optimization --- calibration artifact --- kinematic support --- dimensional metrology --- machine tool --- length measurement --- rapid prototyping --- efficiency --- printing time --- experimental model --- prepeg --- carbon fiber --- Raman spectroscopy --- AWJM --- waterjet --- CFRP --- kerf taper --- surface quality --- metal forming --- bi-metallic --- cylinders --- compression --- finite elements --- microscopy --- cold expansion --- mandrel --- cold-forming --- swaging --- shipbuilding --- LARG paradigm --- supply chain --- coordinate metrology --- confocal microscopy --- measurement --- calibration --- traceability --- uncertainty --- quality assessment --- digital image correlation --- indentation process --- incremental forming --- finite element method --- material flow --- AWJM (Abrasive waterjet machining) --- CFRTP (Carbon fiber-reinforced thermoplastics) --- RSM (response surface methodology) --- ANOVA (Analysis of variance) --- C/TPU (carbon/polyurethane) --- image processing --- position control --- accuracy --- micromachines --- position compensation --- inverse conical perspective --- micromanufacturing --- manufacturing systems --- mechatronics --- FDM --- bimodulus materials --- standards --- finite element analysis (FEA) --- ABS --- anisotropy --- infill density --- layer orientation --- ASTM D638–14:2014 --- ISO 527–2:2012 --- grounding electrodes in two-layered soils --- step and touch potentials --- step potentials upper bound --- orthoses --- prostheses --- fused deposition modeling --- laminated object manufacturing --- selective laser sintering --- laser tracker --- Monte Carlo method --- verification --- green manufacturing --- sustainability metrics --- cleaner product life cycle --- material removal processes --- hybrid components --- light alloys --- magnesium --- aluminum --- drilling --- dry machining --- cold compressed air --- lubrication and cooling systems --- arithmetical mean roughness --- Ra --- average maximum height --- Rz --- repair and maintenance operations --- fused deposition modelling --- composites --- polymer injection moulding --- polyamide --- metal matrix composite --- Al-SiC --- microstructure --- machining --- cooling compressed air --- thrust force --- energy --- material removed rate --- PEEK-GF30 --- multi-response optimization --- sustainable manufacturing --- metrology --- industry 4.0 --- modeling and simulation --- quality in manufacturing --- technological and industrial heritage
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