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This Special Issue presents the work of 30 scientists from 11 countries. It confirms that the impacts of global change, resulting from both climate change and increasing anthropogenic pressure, are huge on worldwide coastal areas (and critically so on some islands in the Pacific Ocean), with highly negative effects on coastal groundwater resources, which are widely affected by seawater intrusion. Some improved research methods are proposed in the contributions: using innovative hydrogeological, geophysical, and geochemical monitoring; assessing impacts of the changing environment on the coastal groundwater resources in terms of quantity and quality; and using modelling, especially to improve management approaches. The scientific research needed to face these challenges must continue to be deployed by different approaches based on the monitoring, modelling and management of groundwater resources. Novel and more efficient methods must be developed to keep up with the accelerating pace of global change.

tide --- artificial neural network --- Gaza Strip --- groundwater resources --- seawater intrusion --- nutrient discharge --- freshwater resilience --- offshore geophysics --- atoll --- freshwater lens --- sea-level rise --- small islands --- sharp interface numerical modeling --- climate change --- recursive prediction --- saltwater intrusion --- Radon --- submarine groundwater discharge --- water resources management --- flooding --- groundwater storage --- fish ponds --- Tongatapu --- extraction --- monitoring --- modelling --- fresh groundwater volume --- numerical model --- atoll island --- MODFLOW/SEAWAT --- Nile Delta governorates --- arid and semi-arid regions --- time series model --- hydrogeology --- Libya --- sea level rise --- coastal aquifer --- sea–aquifer relations --- Tripoli --- freshwater-saltwater interface --- multi-layered coastal aquifer --- well salinization --- SGD model --- Nile Delta aquifer --- tidal signal --- geophysics --- groundwater --- cation exchange --- salinization --- SGD --- support vector machine --- direct prediction --- aquifer

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Stable and radioactive isotopes in water are powerful tools in the tracking of the path of water molecules through the whole water cycle. In the last decade, a considerable number of studies have been published on the use of water isotopes, and their number is ever-growing. The main reason is the development of new measurement techniques (i.e., laser absorption spectroscopy) that allow measurements of stable isotope ratios at ever-higher resolutions. Therefore, this compilation of papers has been published to address the current state-of-the-art water isotope methods, applications, and interpretations of hydrological processes, and to contribute to the rapidly growing repository of isotope data, which is important for future water resource management. We are pleased to present here a book with new findings in thirteen original research papers and one review paper issued in the Water MDPI Special Issue (SI) “Use of Water Isotopes in Hydrological Processes”. The authors report the use of water isotopes in hydrological processes worldwide, including studies at both local and regional scales related to either precipitation dynamics or to different applications of water isotopes in combination with other hydrochemical parameters in investigations of surface water, snowmelt, soil water, groundwater and xylem water to identify the hydrological and geochemical processes.

precipitation --- stable isotope ratios --- local meteoric water line --- amount-weighted mean --- linear regression --- confidence --- prediction and generalized intervals --- stable isotopes D and 18O --- moisture source --- temperature effect --- precipitation amount effect --- regionalization --- China --- oxygen isotopes --- sulfur isotopes --- isotopic composition of water --- bacterial sulfate reduction --- sulfide oxidation --- atmospheric sulfate --- peatland --- unconfined aquifer --- mineralization of organic matter --- isotopic techniques --- water isotopic signature --- 3H- and 14C-dating --- saltwater intrusion --- Red River’s delta --- Vietnam --- Sutri Dhaka --- Chandra Basin --- Western Himalaya --- hydrograph separation --- stable water isotope --- specific ablation --- stable isotopes --- HYSPLIT model --- MWL validation --- karstic springs --- spatial variations --- Naqu River basin --- Qinghai–Tibet Plateau --- stable water isotopes --- hydrogen --- oxygen --- soil water --- fine root system --- groundwater --- isotope hydrology --- stable nitrate isotopes --- Zagreb --- Croatia --- 2H/1H and 18O/16O --- deuterium excess --- δ18O–temperature relation --- tritium --- self-organizing map --- radon --- major ions --- alluvial fan --- paddy rice field --- deuterium and oxygen-18 --- hydrogeological conceptual model --- alluvial aquifer --- Varaždin area --- δ2H --- inverse modeling --- vadose zone --- sensitivity analysis --- soil hydraulic parameters estimation --- groundwater recharge --- d-excess --- elevation effect --- altitude effect --- continental effect --- Slovenia --- Hungary --- water cycle --- measurement traceability --- precipitation (rain and snow) --- surface water --- water management --- networks and data bases --- statistical evaluation