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This volume deals with extensions of special relativity, general relativity, and their applications in relation to intragalactic and extragalactic dynamics. The book comprises chapters authored by various researchers and edited by an expert active in the relativity research area. It provides a thorough overview of the latest research efforts by international authors on relativity, opening new possible research paths for further novel developments.
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This book brings together recent advances in tensor analysis and studies of its invariants such as twistors, spinors, kinematic tensors and others belonging to tensor algebras with extended structures to Lie algebras, Kac-Moody algebras, and enveloping algebras, among others. Chapters cover such topics as classical tensors and bilinear forms, tensors for exploring space-time, tensor applications in geometry and continuum media, and advanced topics in tensor analysis such as invariant theory, derived categories, hypercohomologies, k-modules, extensions of kinematic tensors, infinite dimensional operators, and more.
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Questo libro è stato ideato per un corso che spieghi, nella maniera più semplice possibile, le Teorie della Relatività Ristretta e Generale a studenti che si accostano ad esse per la prima volta. I contenuti di queste due teorie fanno ormai parte del bagaglio culturale necessario ad ogni fisico e ad ogni matematico e, in particolare, esse costituiscono un insieme di conoscenze indispensabili per chiunque si occupi di fisica, astrofisica e cosmologia. This book is designed to explain, in the simplest way possible, the Theories of Special and General Relativity to students who are approaching them for the first time. The contents of these two theories are now part of the cultural background needed by every physicist and mathematician, and, in particular, they constitute an indispensable body of knowledge for anyone involved in physics, astrophysics and cosmology.
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General relativity is a beautiful geometric theory, simple in its mathematical formulation but leading to numerous consequences with striking physical interpretations: gravitational waves, black holes, cosmological models, and so on. This introductory textbook is written for mathematics students interested in physics and physics students interested in exact mathematical formulations (or for anyone with a scientific mind who is curious to know more of the world we live in), recent remarkable experimental and observational results which confirm the theory are clearly described and no specialised physics knowledge is required.
General relativity (Physics) --- Black holes (Astronomy) --- Gravitational waves. --- Cosmology. --- Relativité générale (Physique) --- Trous noirs (Astronomie) --- Ondes gravitationnelles --- Cosmologie --- Relativity (Physics) --- Gravitation --- Nonrelativistic quantum mechanics --- Space and time --- Special relativity (Physics) --- Science. --- Physics.
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A unified theory embracing all physical phenomena is a major goal of theoretical physics. In the early 1980s, many physicists looked to eleven-dimensional supergravity in the hope that it might provide that elusive superunified theory. In 1984 supergravity was knocked off its pedestal by ten-dimensional superstrings, one-dimensional objects whose vibrational modes represent the elementary particles. Superstrings provided a perturbative finite theory of gravity which, after compactification to four spacetime dimensions, seemed in principle capable of explaining the Standard Model. Despite these major successes, however, nagging doubts persisted about superstrings. Then in 1987 and 1992 the elementary supermembrane and its dual partner, the solitonic superfivebrane, were discovered. These are supersymmetric extended objects with respectively two and five dimensions moving in an eleven-dimensional spacetime. Over the period since 1996, perturbative superstrings have been superseded by a new nonperturbative called M-theory, which describes supermembranes and superfivebranes, subsumes string theories, and has as its low-energy limit, eleven-dimensional supergravity. M-theory represents the most exciting development in the subject since 1984 when the superstring revolution first burst on the scene. The first book devoted to M-theory, The World in Eleven Dimensions: Supergravity, Supermembranes and M-Theory brings together seminal papers that have shaped our current understanding of this eleven-dimensional world, from supergravity through supermembranes to M-theory. Each chapter includes commentaries intended to explain the importance of these papers and to place them in a wider perspective. Each chapter also has an extensive bibliography. The book is of interest to researchers and postgraduate students in particle physics, mathematical physics, gravitation, and cosmology.
Supergravity. --- Superunified theories --- Unified theories --- General relativity (Physics) --- Quantum theory --- Supersymmetry --- Nuclear physics --- Physics
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The unification between gravity and quantum field theory is one of the major problems in contemporary fundamental Physics. It exists for almost one century, but a final answer is yet to be found. Although string theory and loop quantum gravity have brought many answers to the quantum gravity problem, they also came with a large set of extra questions. In addition to these last two techniques, many other alternative theories have emerged along the decades. This book presents a series of selected chapters written by renowned authors. Each chapter treats gravity and its quantization through known and alternative techniques, aiming a deeper understanding on the quantum nature of gravity. Quantum Gravity is a book where the reader will find a fine collection of physical and mathematical concepts, an up to date research, about the challenging puzzle of quantum gravity.
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Un exposé de la Relativité Générale d'Einstein qui fut historiquement la première théorie relativiste de la gravitation à fournir des résultats théoriques corrects en accord précis avec les faits ainsi que des éléments conceptuels et techniques permettant d'appréhender sans difficulté l'Astrophysique Relativiste.
Gravitation. --- Relativity (Physics) --- Gravitation --- Nonrelativistic quantum mechanics --- Space and time --- Field theory (Physics) --- Matter --- Physics --- Antigravity --- Centrifugal force --- Properties
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This book, dedicated to Roger Penrose, is a second, mathematically oriented course in general relativity. It contains extensive references and occasional excursions in the history and philosophy of gravity, including a relatively lengthy historical introduction. The book is intended for all students of general relativity of any age and orientation who have a background including at least first courses in special and general relativity, differential geometry, and topology. The material is developed in such a way that through the last two chapters the reader may acquire a taste of the modern mathematical study of black holes initiated by Penrose, Hawking, and others, as further influenced by the initial-value or PDE approach to general relativity. Successful readers might be able to begin reading research papers on black holes, especially in mathematical physics and in the philosophy of physics. The chapters are: Historical introduction, General differential geometry, Metric differential geometry, Curvature, Geodesics and causal structure, The singularity theorems of Hawking and Penrose, The Einstein equations, The 3+1 split of space-time, Black holes I: Exact solutions, and Black holes II: General theory. These are followed by two appendices containing background on Lie groups, Lie algebras, & constant curvature, and on Formal PDE theory.
Riemannian geometry. --- Differential geometry. --- Relativity physics --- History. --- Mathematics. --- Topology. --- Mathematical physics --- Penrose --- Gravity --- Einstein --- Black holes --- Mathematical Relativity
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"The aim of this two-volume title is to give a comprehensive review of one hundred years of development of general relativity and its scientific influences. This unique title provides a broad introduction and review to the fascinating and profound subject of general relativity, its historical development, its important theoretical consequences, gravitational wave detection and applications to astrophysics and cosmology. The series focuses on five aspects of the theory: Genesis, Solutions and Energy ; Empirical Foundations ; Gravitational Waves ; Cosmology; Quantum Gravity. The first three topics are covered in Volume 1 and the remaining two are covered in Volume 2. While this is a two-volume title, it is designed so that each volume can be a standalone reference volume for the related topic."--Publisher's website.
General relativity (Physics) --- Gravitational waves --- Cosmology --- Quantum gravity --- History --- Gravitational waves. --- Cosmology. --- Quantum gravity. --- Gravity, Quantum --- Gravitation --- Quantum theory --- Astronomy --- Deism --- Metaphysics --- Gravitational radiation --- Gravity waves (Astrophysics) --- Gravitational fields --- Radiation --- Waves --- Relativistic theory of gravitation --- Relativity theory, General --- Physics --- Relativity (Physics) --- History. --- General relativity (Physics) - History --- General Relativity --- Quantum Gravity --- Gravitational Waves
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En suivant deux fils rouges, l’histoire des grandes révolutions de la physique au xxe siècle et l’abstraction progressive du concept de symétrie, de son usage ordinaire en géométrie à son application aux lois de la physique, cette leçon inaugurale aborde un des défis majeurs de la physique actuelle, celui de réconcilier la relativité d'Einstein et la mécanique quantique, théories amplement vérifiées empiriquement et pourtant incompatibles. C’est peut-être dans une symétrie immense, décrite en théorie des groupes par des groupes très particuliers, que réside la clé pour formuler cette théorie plus fondamentale de la gravitation, qui pourrait permettre la grande synthèse avec la mécanique quantique.
Multidisciplinary --- physique --- mécanique quantique --- relativité --- gravitation --- symétrie --- Big Bang --- théorie des cordes --- théorie des groupes --- Physics --- Gravity --- Quantum physics (quantum mechanics & quantum field theory) --- Relativity physics
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