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Be it angels, meteorites, or harps - there is a wealth of knowledge in the more than one-hundred publications that, by the mid-eighteenth century, had appeared in four languages under the name of Johann Jacob Wecker (1528-1586/88). Broad networks were created in order to collect and disseminate this knowledge. The practice of compilation formed the basis of this so far largely overlooked, successful production of books.

Medicine --- Printing --- Formulae, receipts, prescriptions --- History --- Wecker, Johann Jacob,

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Several lines of evidence indicate that healthy diet and exercise can prevent cardiovascular diseases, stroke, diabetes, and some types of cancer such as colon cancer, and smoking-related cancers. Dietary patterns defined as the quantities, proportions, variety, or combination of different foods and drinks, and the frequency with which they are habitually consumed are also associated with an increased or decreased incidence of chronic diseases. Lately, an association has been found between eating habits, exercise, and psychological and/or mental disorders. This Special Issue of Nutrients, entitled “Dietary Habits, Beneficial Exercise, and Chronic Diseases: Latest Advances and Prospects”, contains 20 manuscripts, either describing original research or reviewing the scientific literature, focused on the relationship between dietary habits (macronutrients, micronutrients, etc.) and/or exercise with metabolic, cardiovascular, neurological, mental, rheumatic, inflammatory, gastrointestinal, odontostomatological, and other chronic diseases.

muscle wasting --- cachexia --- sarcopenia --- probiotics --- prebiotics --- Lactobacillus --- intestinal permeability --- gut–brain axis --- health literacy --- education --- food --- students --- healthy lifestyle --- β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) --- body mass index (BMI), type 1 diabetes --- type 2 diabetes (T2D) --- hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) --- visceral adipose tissue (VAT) --- cardiovascular disease (CVD) --- high-density lipoprotein (HDL) --- low-density lipoprotein (LDL) --- Apolipoprotein B (ApoB) --- women’s health --- bone mineral density --- diet --- beach sports --- osteoporosis --- Mediterranean diet --- antioxidation --- metabolic health --- reproductive health --- gut microbiota --- non-communicable diseases --- flavonoids --- polyphenols --- resveratrol --- olive oil --- adult volunteers --- dietary intervention --- dietary patterns --- pilot study --- symbiotic agriculture --- metabolic dysfunction --- metabolic syndrome --- metabolome --- EHIS --- diabetes --- disease burden --- European Union --- policies --- dietary trajectories --- overweight --- obesity --- early childhood caries --- ECC --- dental caries --- health risk --- preschool children --- fish protein hydrolysate --- anxiety --- burying test --- rodent --- perceived stress --- psychological --- stress --- diet quality --- women --- reproductive age --- childbearing age --- a-priori --- a-posteriori --- sodium --- sodium intake --- inflammation --- systemic inflammation --- sodium induced inflammation --- CRP --- TNF-a --- IL-6 --- pediatric obesity --- children --- dietary interventions --- prevention --- pure fructose consumption --- adolescent --- blood pressure --- folic acid --- homocysteine --- inflammatory bowel disease --- microbiota --- crocin --- crocetin --- safranal --- effect direction plot --- complementary and alternative medicine --- medicinal plant --- CAM --- herbal medicine --- TNF-α --- qualitative synthesis --- dietary supplements --- food shopping quality indicators --- FSA-NPS DI --- dietary intake --- diet monitoring --- digital receipts --- dietary quality --- ischemic stroke --- Chinese Diet Balance Index 2016 --- DBI-16 --- Southeast China --- bone density --- bone resorption markers --- HDL-C --- LDL-C --- lipid profile --- cardiovascular disease --- exercise --- aerobic fitness --- multiple sclerosis --- nutrition --- physical activity --- body mass index --- dietary guideline --- reproductive age women --- n/a --- gut-brain axis --- women's health