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Early childhood education --- Early childhood education --- Government policy --- Parent participation --- Programme for International Student Assessment.

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This fourth volume of PISA 2012 results examines how student performance is associated with various characteristics of individual schools and of concerned school systems. It discusses how 15-year old students are selected and grouped into different schools, programmes, and education levels, and how human, financial, educational and time resources are allocated to different schools. The volume also examines how school systems balance autonomy with collaboration, and how the learning environment in school shapes student performance. Trends in these variables between 2003 and 2012 are examined wh

Teaching --- 720 Onderwijs --- E-books --- Educational tests and measurements. --- Educational evaluation. --- School management and organization. --- School improvement programs. --- Improvement programs, School --- Instructional improvement programs --- Programs, School improvement --- School self-improvement programs --- School management and organization --- Administration, Educational --- Educational administration --- Inspection of schools --- Operation policies, School --- Policies, School operation --- School administration --- School inspection --- School operation policies --- School organization --- Schools --- Education --- Management --- Organization --- Educational assessment --- Educational program evaluation --- Evaluation research in education --- Instructional systems analysis --- Program evaluation in education --- Self-evaluation in education --- Evaluation --- Educational measurements --- Mental tests --- Tests and measurements in education --- Psychological tests for children --- Psychometrics --- Students --- Examinations --- Psychological tests --- Inspection --- Management and organization --- Rating of --- Programme for International Student Assessment. --- Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. --- International Programme for Student Assessment --- OECD/PISA --- PISA --- Programa Internacional de Avaliação de Alunos --- Program for International Student Assessment --- Starptautiskā skolēnu novērtēšanas programma --- Programme international pour le suivi des acquis des élèves --- Programa Internacional de Evaluación de Estudiantes