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The Viability of Human Security not only investigates different views on the military's purpose, but also offers some new interesting perspectives.

Polemology --- Security, International --- Internal security --- National security --- public administration --- bestuurskunde --- politicologie --- political science

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Despite the realization that an urban environment can intensify the effects of deception in military operations, many important research questions remain unanswered, and even unasked. The authors use the well-developed literature on deception in animal biology to begin asking and answering those questions. This was done with the aim of improving the ability of U.S. forces to both conduct friendly deception and counter adversary deception in urban operations of all sorts. Using animal biology and military science as the source materials, the authors undertook to elaborate on existing deceptio

Urban warfare. --- Deception (Military science) --- City warfare --- Warfare, City --- Warfare, Urban --- Polemology --- Military art and science --- Military intelligence

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Peacebuilding, Power, and Politics in Africa is a critical reflection on peacebuilding efforts in Africa. The authors expose the tensions and contradictions in different clusters of peacebuilding activities, including peace negotiations; statebuilding; security sector governance; and disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration. Essays also address the institutional framework for peacebuilding in Africa and the ideological underpinnings of key institutions, including the African Union, NEPAD, the African Development Bank, the Pan-African Ministers Conference for Public and Civil

International relations. Foreign policy --- Peaceful settlement of international disputes --- Polemology --- Africa --- Peace-building --- Building peace --- Peacebuilding --- Conflict management --- Peace --- Peacekeeping forces --- International cooperation. --- Politics and government

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History of Belgium and Luxembourg --- Polemology --- Flanders --- C3 --- oorlog --- erfgoed --- Kunst en cultuur --- Culture conflict --- Belgium --- Flanders (Belgium) --- History --- Cultural property --- cultural heritage --- Lokale geschiedenis --- Militaire geschiedenis --- Oorlog en vrede --- Militair erfgoed

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L'histoire des aides américaines à la France de 1938 à 1960 reflète l'état de la France au tournant du XXe siècle : une grande puissance européenne en déclin. De 1941 à 1951, la France a voulu des aides américaines pour vivre mieux et pour recréer un appareil productif digne de ce nom. Elle a ensuite réclamé une aide pour maintenir sa puissance en Indochine et en Afrique du Nord. Si ce constat de dépendance est éprouvant pour les Français, c'est une réalité dont les conséquences sont encore palpables aujourd'hui. Ne parle-t-on pas encore et toujours d'ingérence américaine, d'américanisation et, en réaction, d'exception française et d'identité européenne ? En définitive, quel rôle ont joué les aides américaines dans le rétablissement économique, social et militaire de la France après la seconde guerre mondiale et au-delà jusque dans les années 60 ? Réclamées en même temps qu'occultées tout au long de ces années par les acteurs de la vie politique française, les aides américaines méritaient une réflexion globale. Gérard Bossuat dans cet essai de synthèse nous propose son analyse. The history of American aid to France during the period from 1938 to 1960 reflects the state of France at the turn of the 20th century: a great European power in decline. Between 1941 and 1951, France wanted American aid in order to improve its standard of living and to rebuild a manufacturing sector worthy of the name. It then sought aid in order to maintain its power in Indochina and in North Africa. Although this acknowledgment of their country’s dependence is painful for the French people, it is a reality whose consequences are still palpable today. Do we not still constantly talk about American interference and Americanisation and, as a reaction, about France as an exception and European identity? In the final analysis, what role did American aid play in France’s economic, social and military recovery after the Second World War and beyond, right up to the 1960s? American aid, which was…

International economic relations --- Polemology --- United States --- France --- Business & Economics --- Economic History --- Marshall Plan. --- European Recovery Program --- ERP (European Recovery Program) --- Marshall Plan, 1948-1952 --- Schedio Marsal --- histoire économique et financière --- régime de Vichy --- OTAN --- relations franco-américaines --- plan Marshall --- Plan --- finances publiques --- IVe République --- United States of America