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It is a well-known fact that Kant used the lament of the Trojan queen, Hecuba, from Ovid’s Metamorphoses to describe the fate of metaphysics. But these words could equally be used to describe the peculiar fate of the Alcibiades Major. There was a time when this small dialogue was held in high regard and enjoyed much authority.2 The Alcibiades Major was unreservedly attributed to Plato. It was much read, quoted and alluded to. And it is no exaggeration to say that it was one of the key works of the corpus platonicum. The contrast with the present could hardly be more striking.

Philosophy

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“Segundo o próprio autor, Cícero, “as Discussões Tusculanas […] tratavam dos fundamentos da vida feliz: a primeira sobre o desprezo da morte, a segunda sobre suportar a dor, a terceira sobre mitigar a dor, a quarta sobre as perturbações psicológicas e a quinta sobre a coroa de toda a filosofia: a afirmação (estoica) de que a virtude é em si mesma suficiente para a vida feliz”. Neste livro, Cícero revela a objetividade prática, um traço característico da Weltanschauung romana. Não se debruça sobre questões metafísicas; aborda temas que inquietam qualquer vivente, perplexo ante problemas inevitáveis e sem soluções visíveis: a morte, a dor física, o sofrimento moral, a busca de felicidade, o beate vivere.”

Philosophy

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Aristotle offers a conception of the private and its relationship to the public that suggests a remedy to the limitations of liberalism today, according to Judith A. Swanson. In this fresh and lucid interpretation of Aristotle's political philosophy, Swanson challenges the dominant view that he regards the private as a mere precondition to the public. She argues, rather, that for Aristotle private activity develops virtue and is thus essential both to individual freedom and happiness and to the well-being of the political order.Swanson presents an innovative reading of The Politics which revises our understanding of Aristotle's political economy and his views on women and the family, slavery, and the relation between friendship and civic solidarity. She examines the private activities Aristotle considers necessary to a complete human life—maintaining a household, transacting business, sustaining friendships, and philosophizing. Focusing on ways Aristotle's public invests in the private through law, rule, and education, she shows how the public can foster a morally and intellectually virtuous citizenry. In contrast to classical liberal theory, which presents privacy as a shield of rights protecting individuals from one another and from the state, for Aristotle a regime can attain self-sufficiency only by bringing about a dynamic equilibrium between the public and the private.The Public and the Private in Aristotle's Political Philosophy will be essential reading for scholars and students of political philosophy, political theory, classics, intellectual history, and the history of women.Aristotle offers a conception of the private and its relationship to the public that suggests a remedy to the limitations of liberalism today, according to Judith A. Swanson. In this fresh and lucid interpretation of Aristotle's political philosophy, Swanson challenges the dominant view that he regards the private as a mere precondition to the public. She argues, rather, that for Aristotle private activity develops virtue and is thus essential both to individual freedom and happiness and to the well-being of the political order.Swanson presents an innovative reading of The Politics which revises our understanding of Aristotle's political economy and his views on women and the family, slavery, and the relation between friendship and civic solidarity. She examines the private activities Aristotle considers necessary to a complete human life—maintaining a household, transacting business, sustaining friendships, and philosophizing. Focusing on ways Aristotle's public invests in the private through law, rule, and education, she shows how the public can foster a morally and intellectually virtuous citizenry. In contrast to classical liberal theory, which presents privacy as a shield of rights protecting individuals from one another and from the state, for Aristotle a regime can attain self-sufficiency only by bringing about a dynamic equilibrium between the public and the private.The Public and the Private in Aristotle's Political Philosophy will be essential reading for scholars and students of political philosophy, political theory, classics, intellectual history, and the history of women.

Philosophy

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It's clear that "philosophy" comes from the Greek "philosophia," love of wisdom. What is not at all clear is what that phrase means. In the connection it articulates between love and wisdom, what, precisely, does philosophy name?This small book, or extended essay, is divided into three sections. The first section (What is Philosophy?) takes seriously Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari's contention in their book of the same title that, "The nonphilosophical is perhaps closer to the heart of philosophy than philosophy itself, and this means that philosophy cannot be content to be understood only philosophically or conceptually, but is essentially addressed to nonphilosophers as well?" (including the nonphilosopher in every philosopher). The second section (On Argument) interrogates the status and value of evidence, and self-evidence. The third section (On Not Knowing) generalizes a parenthetical observation of Agamben's on Heidegger, "If we may attempt to identify something like the characteristic Stimmung of every thinker, perhaps it is precisely this being delivered over to something that refuses itself that defines the specific emotional tonality of Heidegger's thought": Might not philosophy be defined, the phil of sophia, precisely, as what it is to be delivered over to something that refuses itself? That is precisely what this small explores.

Philosophy.

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On a souvent dit que Cioran, dans son uvre en franais, reprend les mmes thmes, qu'il tend au dsistement, au repli sur soi et l'exploration de sa propre intriorit. Pourtant, le prsent essai rvle une subtile inflexion de la pense du philosophe, d'un recueil l'autre, et affirme que l'abstention est en fait une prise de position, dont il s'agit de dchiffrer les causes et les modalits. Partant du principe que l'art se dfinit comme autonomie et fait social, ne prenant forme qu'en opposition la socit, tout en tirant sa substance de celle-ci, Sylvain David avance que Cioran a dvelopp son point de vue de l'univers moderne tout au long de son oeuvre fragmentaire, structurant ainsi son criture mme. A la fois lecture diachronique et tude thmatique des crits de Cioran, cet ouvrage dmontre, au-del de l'apparent clatement des fragments, l'organisation d'un imaginaire o un va-et-vient entre l'tre et le monde s'opre, o la distance que le sujet tente d'instaurer entre ses semblables et lui doit tre constamment rengocie, o le marginal ne peut se dfinir que par rapport la collectivit, qu'en fonction du groupe dont il choisit de s'exclure.

Philosophy.