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The research volume contains contributions from phenomenological research that deal with questions of fact, facticity, reality and the real. What concept of the real or reality, for example, is phenomenology able to develop, and how can it take a stand on the criticism that has been levelled at it in recent times by the "new realism"? Such questions are discussed with special attention to the natural, social and political as well as the technical implications of a phenomenological concept of reality. Der Forschungsband enthält Beiträge aus der phänomenologischen Forschung, die sich mit Fragen nach dem Faktum, der Faktizität, der Wirklichkeit, der Realität und des Realen befassen. Welchen Begriff etwa des Realen oder der Realität vermag die Phänomenologie zu entwickeln, und wie kann sie zur Kritik Stellung nehmen, die ihr in jüngerer Zeit von Seiten des "neuen Realismus" entgegengebracht wurde? Derartige Fragen werden unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der natürlichen, der sozialen und politischen sowie der technischen Implikationen eines phänomenologischen Realitätsbegriffes erörtert.

Phenomenology.

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"This open access book is the first English translation of Herbert Witzenmann's seminal work, Strukturphänomenologie, which departs from the traditional phenomenological methods of Husserl, Sartre, and Merleau-Ponty to introduce a fresh approach to the nexus of consciousness and reality. In Structure Phenomenology, Witzenmann argues for the active mental participation of humans in the emergence of everyday consciousness of all kinds. Whilst many philosophers advocating the notion of pre-reflective consciousness claim that habitual states of phenomenal consciousness must be ascribed a derivative or memorative status, even if they seem to refer to present objectivity, Witzenmann proposes an alternative first-person methodology. Through his logically grounded and experience-based approach, he contends that it is not neural processes that produce consciousness, but rather one's own preconscious rootedness in reality which can be made conscious. Influenced by the writings of Rudolf Steiner and Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Witzenmann's innovative approach casts new light on a number of philosophical, psychological, and scientific issues: from being and becoming to temporality and presence, and mind and body. Even freedom takes on a new meaning when reality is not pre-given to human consciousness, but is rather a result of human participation in the basic process. This annotated translation makes Witzenmann's text accessible to an English audience for the first time and, with a comprehensive editorial introduction by Johannes Wagemann, situates his ground-breaking insights within the development of phenomenology".

Phenomenology --- Phenomenology. --- History

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Conjunto de textos de pesquisadores que discutem alguns dos temas mais importantes da fenomenologia, a partir dos fundamentos de Husserl e sua influência em diversas correntes da filosofia contemporânea, principalmente a ontologia de Martin Heidegger e a fenomenologia da existência de Maurice Merleau-Ponty.

Phenomenology. --- PHILOSOPHY

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Existential phenomenology. --- Existentialism --- Phenomenology --- Philosophy, Modern

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Les rapports entre marxisme et phénoménologie ont constitué un axe fondamental du débat culturel européen, dans les années 1960 et 1970. Dans la France de l'après-guerre, Sartre et Merleau-Ponty faisaient déjà référence, sur le plan de la fondation théorique, à la tradition phénoménologique de Husserl et de Heidegger, et sur le plan de l'engagement civil, au marxisme. Trần Đức Thảo, élève de Merleau-Ponty, mettra en place dès 1951 une première synthèse de ces deux paradigmes dans son Phénoménologie et matérialisme dialectique. Onze années après, Jean-Toussaint Desanti reviendra sur l'exigence d'une convergence entre phénoménologie et marxisme. En Italie, puis en Allemagne, d'autres tentatives vont émerger. Ce volume a pour ambition de proposer une synthèse sur le sujet. Il vise également à promouvoir une première réflexion historique sur le courant philosophique qui, pendant au moins deux décennies, a occupé la scène intellectuelle, et à évaluer son héritage dans le débat contemporain. The links between Marxism and phenomenology were a fundamental axis of the European cultural debate in the 1960s and 1970s. In post-war France, Sartre and Merleau-Ponty already referred, in terms of theoretical foundation, to the phenomenological tradition of Husserl and Heidegger, and in terms of civil engagement, to Marxism. As early as 1951, Trần Đức Thảo, a student of Merleau-Ponty's, established a first synthesis of these two paradigms in his Phenomenology and Dialectical Materialism. Eleven years later, Jean-Toussaint Desanti returned to the demand for a convergence between phenomenology and Marxism. Other attempts emerged first in Italy and then in Germany. The aim of this volume is to propose a synthesis on the subject. It also aims to promote an initial historical reflection on the philosophical current which, for at least two decades, has occupied the intellectual scene, and to evaluate its legacy in contemporary debate.

Phenomenology. --- Philosophy, Marxist --- History.