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Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling remains a powerful tool in organic synthesis for C–C bond formation and has various industrial applications, for example, the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and materials. Intensive research efforts are being made into finding ways of improving and expanding the scope of this process, and the development of more efficient catalytic systems for this extremely important reaction is still a hot research topic of enormous academic and industrial interest. This Special Issue, consisting of four reviews, two communications and six articles, focuses on recent promising research and novel trends in the broad field of Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling employing a range of different palladium catalysts. Homogeneous or heterogeneous catalysis in organic or aqueous medium, using conventional conditions or non-conventional techniques such as microwave and ultrasound irradiation, grinding and photo-activated processes as green chemistry approaches, as well as continuous flow technology are included. The catalysts described herein are unsupported metal complexes, catalysts immobilized on solid supports, ligand-free catalytic systems or metal nanoparticles.

Phosphane-free ligand --- Metal nanoparticles --- Heterogeneous catalysis --- Cross-coupling --- Multiphase catalysis --- C-C bond formation --- Phosphane ligand --- Homogeneous catalysis --- Metal complex --- Noble metals

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Transition metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions have proved to be powerful tools for carbon–carbon as well as carbon–heteroatom bond formation in the development of synthetic methodologies for applications ranging from pharmaceuticals to materials. This book, consisting of an editorial, two reviews and two articles, focuses on recent promising research and novel trends in the field of cross-coupling reactions, employing a range of different catalysts. A review by Kostas and Steele provides a survey of the research in the area of cross-coupling catalytic reactions with transition metal complexes based on the thiosemicarbazone unit and a discussion of the prospects for future developments. Another review by Polychronopoulou, Shaya and co-authors describes the progress made over the 21st century concerning the utilization of C(sp3)–organoboranes as partners in metal-catalyzed C(sp3)–C(sp2) cross-couplings, such as B-alkyl Suzuki–Miyaura reactions. The article by Waldvogel, Breinbauer and co-authors demonstrates for the first time the synthetic potential of combining the electro-oxidative dehydrogenative cross coupling of ortho-substituted phenols with Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions. In the second article, Štĕpnička and co-workers describe the preparation of palladium catalysts deposited over silica gel-bearing composite amide-donor functional moieties on the surface, which were evaluated in the Sonogashira-type cross-coupling of acyl chlorides with terminal alkynes.

Suzuki–Miyaura cross-couplings --- C(sp3) –C(sp2) --- alkylboron reagents --- metal catalysis --- alpha-helix --- anode --- CH-activation --- cross-coupling --- electrosynthesis --- oligoarene --- peptidomimetics --- phenol --- protein-protein interactions --- triflate --- thiosemicarbazone --- metal complex --- transition metal catalysis --- cross-coupling reaction --- Heck reaction --- Suzuki reaction --- Sonogashira reaction --- Kumada reaction --- Buchwald–Hartwig reaction --- deposited catalysts --- palladium --- functional amides --- alkynyl ketone synthesis --- n/a --- Suzuki-Miyaura cross-couplings --- C(sp3) -C(sp2) --- Buchwald-Hartwig reaction

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A growing interest has been devoted to the development of host systems for ionic and neutral species based on calixarenes. These cyclic oligomers show important host–guest properties, which has led to numerous applications in a broad range of fields, including organocatalysis, sensing, extraction and separation, and, more recently, biomedical applications. The relative ease of the functionalization of their upper and lower rims and the presence of a pre-organized cavity that is available in different sizes and conformations make calixarenes attractive building blocks for the construction of supramolecular assemblies. This book presents the most recent developments on the host–guest properties of calixarenes, as well as the new synthetic methods and applications.

thiosemicarbazone --- calix[4]arene --- metal complex --- X-ray structure --- antimicrobial --- anticancer --- copper --- supramolecular --- inclusion complex --- fluorescence --- sensor --- density functional theory --- calix[3]arenes --- metacyclophanes --- calixarene-analogous metacyclophanes --- inherent chirality --- host-guest chemistry --- dihomooxacalix[4]arenes --- naphthyl(thio)urea anion receptors --- alkylammonium hydrochlorides --- ditopic receptors --- chiral recognition --- NMR studies --- UV-Vis absorption studies --- fluorescence studies --- X-ray diffraction --- DFT calculations --- calixarene --- resorcinarene --- pillararene --- antibiotic --- fungicide --- biofilm inhibition --- calixarenes --- threading --- chirality --- barfate salts --- pseudorotaxane --- chiral axles --- chiral wheels. --- calixarene-like structure --- polyoxometalates --- nitronate --- crystal structure --- host–guest chemistry --- anion receptor --- anion --- sensors --- lanthanides --- UV–vis studies --- quantum yields --- lifetime measurements --- noncovalent synthesis --- hierarchical control --- calix[4]tubes --- metallo-porphyrins --- phthalimide derivatives --- conventional synthesis --- microwave irradiation --- ball milling --- NMR spectroscopy --- electronic absorption and fluorescence studies

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Antioxidative polyphenols represented by tannins and flavonoids are rich in numerous food sources and traditional natural medicines and currently attracting increased attention in health care and food industries because of their multiple biological activities that are favorable to human health. Commemorating the outstanding achievements on tannins by Dr. Takuo Okuda on the occasion of his passing away in December 2016, his colleagues, friends, and worldwide experts of polyphenol research have contributed 18 papers on their recent study to the Special Issue of Molecules. This book is its reprinted form. This covers reviews of structural features, historical usages, and biological activities of unique class of ellagitannins and condensed tannins, and original articles on the most up-to-date findings on the anticancer effect of green tea catechins, the antivirus effect of tannins comparing with the clinically used drugs, the analytical method of ellagitannins using quantitative NMR, the chemical structures of Hydrangea-blue complex (pigment) and condensed tannins in Ephedra sinica and purple prairie clover, and the relationship of condensed tannins in legumes and grape-marc with methane production in the in vitro ruminant system, and others. This book will be useful to natural product chemists and also to researchers in pharmaceutical and/or food industry.

Coreopsis lanceolata L. --- UV-Vis --- methanogenesis --- Lythraceae --- flavanone --- grape marc --- TDDFT --- Ephedra sinica --- macrocyclic oligomer --- triple-negative breast cancer --- antioxidant --- purple prairie clover --- chalcone --- neuraminidase --- fatty acid synthase --- (?)-epigallocatechin gallate --- epidermal growth factor --- NMR spectroscopy --- Aluminum ion --- Onagraceae --- Hydrangea macrophylla --- synthetic analogues --- blue color development --- amyloid-? peptide --- FTIR --- oseltamivir carboxylate --- quantitative NMR --- phloroglucinolysis --- thin layer chromatography --- European historic leathers --- FASN inhibition --- ECD --- colorimetric tests --- taxanes --- cynandione A --- conservation method --- 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid --- ellagitannin --- PC12 --- condensed tannin --- Trapa taiwanensis Nakai --- 1H-NMR --- Acacia --- (?)-epigallocatechin 3-gallate --- Geranium thunbergii --- condensed tannins --- immunomodulatory effect --- Acacia mearnsii bark --- Escherichia coli --- oligomer --- Horner–Wadsworth–Emmons reaction --- lung tumor --- Aspergillus fumigates --- in vitro batch fermentation --- metal complex --- Myrtaceae --- Cynanchum auriculatum --- molecular interactions --- phenolic glycoside --- bamboo leaf extract --- stability --- Microsporum canis --- Cynanchum wilfordii --- thiolysis --- anti-inflammation --- hydrolysable tannin --- geraniin --- NGF --- polyphenol --- revision --- ESI-mass --- bioactivity --- antifungal activities --- interferon-? --- antitumor effect --- tannin composition --- oenothein B --- zanamivir --- 2-O-?-laminaribiosyl-4-hydroxyacetophenone --- anticancer activity --- proanthocyanidin --- vegetable tanning --- Dittrichia viscosa --- differentiation --- aurone --- antioxidants --- protein precipitation --- apoptosis --- polyphenolic FASN inhibitors --- forage legume --- biological activities --- ultrahigh-resolution negative mode MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry --- overlay method --- spectroscopy --- wattle tannin --- immune checkpoint --- hormesis --- 3-O-glucosyldelphinidin --- gallotannin --- proanthocyanidins --- fatty acids --- flavonol --- inhibition --- structure --- Candida spp. --- Malassezia spp. --- ORAC assay --- neuroprotection --- crystal structure --- tannins

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Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) are a large family of enzymes that function as signal transducers to regulate a diverse range of physiological responses. However, signaling via extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun amino terminal kinase (JNK), and p38 MAPK also underpin many disease processes. This Special Issue provides new insights into how MAPK signaling contributes to specific pathological processes across a range of conditions, including disorders of lung development, type 2 diabetes, proliferative skin diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and neurological diseases.

Rabdosia inflexa --- inflammation --- gastric ulcer --- cytokines --- MAPK --- NF-κB --- extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 --- hyperoxia --- bronchopulmonary dysplasia --- HPAECs --- angiogenesis --- cell cycle --- SIRT1 --- oxidative stress --- psoriasis --- antimicrobial peptide --- cecropin A --- tight junction protein --- MEK/ERK signaling --- porcine intestinal epithelial cell --- extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 (ERK5) --- Kv4.2 --- PC12 cells --- infantile myofibromatosis --- receptor tyrosine kinases --- platelet-derived growth factor receptor --- protein kinase inhibitors --- sunitinib --- erlotinib --- FR180204 --- U0126 --- targeted therapy --- apoptosis --- ERK1/2 --- JNKs --- mitochondrial dysfunction --- neurodegeneration --- neuro-inflammation --- p38 MAPKs --- Parkinson’s disease --- mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) --- MAPK kinetics --- osteoclast differentiation --- bone remodeling --- DAPK --- ERK --- p38 --- JNK --- mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway (MAPK pathway) --- protein tyrosine phosphatase interacting protein 51 (PTPIP51) --- protein-protein interaction (PPI) --- cancer signaling --- SR --- CR --- Compatibility --- T2DM --- metabolic profiling --- MAPK/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway --- reactive oxygen species --- PTPN6 --- SRC --- DOK4 --- MKK4 --- MKK7 --- p53 --- DUSP1 --- SIRT2 --- atherosclerosis --- aortic valve sclerosis --- aortic valve stenosis --- naphthalimide-metal complex conjugates --- N-heterocyclic carbene --- mitochondria --- ROS --- p38 MAPK --- cancer --- FGF-induced signaling --- FRS2 --- phosphorylation --- downregulation --- n/a --- Parkinson's disease