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Additive manufacturing (AM) is now being used to produce series components for the most demanding applications. It is a disruptive, if not revolutionary, manufacturing technology. The biggest advantage of this technology is its capacity to make parts with any free form, thus paving the way for free and complex part design. Components and integrated structures with complex designs that would not have been possible just a few years ago can now be made according to various requirements. The net-shape manufacturing capacity of AM allows a considerable saving of materials, conventional thermomechanical processing, and machining processes, making it an environmentally friendly manufacturing technology. This book includes two sections that cover new approaches in AM for biomedical applications and advanced technological solutions.
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Reports on medical billing frauds, "premiums" of hospitals (for the referral of a patient) as well as the "medical marketing" arouse increasing attention in times of dwindling financial resources within the socially insured healthcare system and the worry for spreading "rationing". Out of consideration for the partly remarkably high financial damages the call for a harsh punishment suggests itself, but the criminal law is always late and, above all, isn't capable of compensating the intangible loss of trust. Therefore, the search for instruments of an effective prevention of corruption deserves far more notice, but consequently the question of the real criminal events and of the possible "adjusting screws" for preventive interventions as well. The articles in this volume, which come from the recent (organized on 8 July 2011) annual conference of the Institute of Criminal Law and Justice in Göttingen, present the latest findings available so far. They may provide the interested public with an insight, that is respectably and not clouded by the drive of mass-media scandalisation, into the extent and appearances of corrupt behaviour in the healthcare system and may give the experts suggestions for productive further discussions and innovative problem solvings.
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There are competing theories to explain the reasons behind the international competitiveness of manufacturing in Asia. Analysing these different theories will bring important lessons, not just for Asia, but for developing economies the world over. This lucid book studies industries and firms in East Asia and examines the major determinants of their economic performance. With contributions from such leading thinkers as Ha-Joon Chang and Rajah Rasiah, the book covers such themes as: *industrial policy and East Asia *Taiwan's information technology industry *The role of the government in technological capability building Manufacturing Competitiveness in Asia touches on many important themes and issues and as such will be of great interest to students, academics and policy-makers involved in industrial economics, international trade and Asian studies.
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The present Special Issue proposes articles in the area of Additive Manufacturing with particular attention to the different employed technologies and the several possible applications. The main investigated technologies are the Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) and the Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM). These methodologies, combined with the Computer Aided Design (CAD), provide important advantages. Numerical, analytical and experimental knowledge and models are proposed to exploit the potential advantages given by 3D printing for the production of modern systems and structures in aerospace, mechanical, civil and biomedical engineering fields. The 11 selected papers propose different additive manufacturing methodologies and related applications and studies.
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We would like to invite you to contribute to an edited volume devoted to "Transitioning to Sustainable Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure". We believe that this should be a systemic issue, taking into account the contexts of social ecology and the environment (Cynical, 2014; Eiglad, 2015). New urban and industrial infrastructure and innovation in this area should take into account new urban plans for the creation of human-friendly spaces and smart cities (Azkuna, 2012) and the impact of the development of tourism on the changes of this space and great sporting and cultural events (Sieber and Cynarski 2010; Edizel and Ward 2016). Facilities for people with disabilities are included in the infrastructure that is being built. Innovations are being made regarding the materials used and savings including waste management, energy savings (preference for green energy) and other resources used in economies and industries (Wolniak et al., 2020; Piątkowski, Gajdzik and Mesjasz, 2020). In the past, sustainability was the doctrine of economics, which assumes a quality of life at the level allowed by the current development of civilization. The idea of sustainable development is summarized in the first sentence of the WCED--Our Common Future report: "At the current level of civilization, sustainable development is possible, that is, a development in which the needs of the present generation can be met without diminishing the chances of future generations meeting them" (Brundtland, 1987). A sustainable economy (including industry) should balance economic growth, environmental protection, quality of life and human health. It is not only about the natural environment, but also the artificial--i.e., man-made (as in Chicago School's work on human ecology). The doctrine of sustainable development strives for social justice by using environmental projects for higher efficiency. It is important to work and life now but needs to factor in future generations and their heritage, both cultural and natural (cf. Kozlowski 2000, 2007; Caradonna 2014; Alhaddi 2015). The priority is to set ecological standards for preserving the homeostasis of the ecosystem. Modern business is becoming more and more digital and intelligent. Enterprises implement new technologies of the fourth industrial revolution in the sustainable environment. Sustainable Industry 4.0 is a new concept for discussion by scientists and business (Gajdzik, B. et al., 2020). This concept has been gaining more and more interest among scientists and practitioners in recent years because there is more and more information about Industry 4.0 (Kagermann et al., 2011). Factories are becoming smarter, more efficient, safer and more environmentally friendly by linking and integrating production technologies and devices, information and communication systems, data and services in network infrastructures (Saniuk et al., 2020). New business models with cyber-physical systems (CPSs) are being built (Lee, et al., 2015; Gajdzik, Chapter 3 in: Scalability and Sustainability, 2020) but sustainability must not be forgotten in these models. Transitioning to Sustainable Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure is part of MDPI's new Open Access book series Transitioning to Sustainability. With this series, MDPI pursues environmentally and socially relevant research which contributes to efforts toward a sustainable world. Transitioning to Sustainability aims to add to the conversation about regional and global sustainable development according to the 17 SDGs. The book series is intended to reach beyond disciplinary, even academic boundaries.
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This book deals with various science and technology factors that need careful consideration in producing a casting. It consists of 11 chapters contributed by experts in their respective fields. The topics include simulation of continuous casting process, control of solidification of continuous castings, influence of mold flux in continuous casting, segregation in strip casting of steel, developments in shell and solid investment mold processes, innovative pressure control during filling of sand molds, fracture toughness specifically of castings, permanent molding of cast iron, wear resistant castings and improvement of accuracy in estimating graphite nodularity in ductile iron castings.
Manufacturing industries. --- Industries --- Manufactures --- Manufacturing industries
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The improvement of fabrication resolutions is an eternal challenge for miniaturizing and enhancing the integration degrees of devices. Laser processing is one of the most widely used techniques in manufacturing due to its high flexibility, high speed, and environmental friendliness. The fabrication resolution of laser processing is, however, limited by the diffraction limit. Recently, much effort has been made to overcome the diffraction limit in nano fabrication. Specifically, combinations of multiphoton absorption by ultrafast lasers and the threshold effect associated with a Gaussian beam profile provide fabrication resolutions far beyond the diffraction limit. The use of the optical near-field achieves nano ablation with feature sizes below 100 nm. Multiple pulse irradiation from the linearly polarized ultrafast laser produces periodic nanostructures with a spatial period much smaller than the wavelength. Unlimited diffraction resolutions can also be achieved with shaped laser beams. In the meanwhile, lasers are also widely used for the synthesis of nano materials including fullerenes and nano particles. In view of the rapid advancement of this field in recent years, this Special Issue aims to introduce the state-of-the-art in nano fabrication and nano lithography, based on laser technologies, by leading groups in the field.
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This is an open access book. It gathers the proceedings of the 18th Global Conference on Sustainable Manufacturing, held on October 5-7, 2022, as a hybrid event, in/from Berlin, Germany. With a focus on manufacturing advances and practices driving the circular economy, the chapters selected for this book report on sustainable manufacturing technologies for the mobility, energy and construction sector, and for machines and equipments, covering applications of artificial intelligence and industry 4.0. Moreover, they discuss energy-efficient process, waste reuse, and CO2 neutral production, giving a special emphasis to developing sustainable manufacturing in emerging countries. This book offers extensive and timely information for both researchers and professionals in the field of manufacturing and business development.
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It is always hard to set manufacturing systems to produce large quantities of standardized parts. Controlling these mass production lines needs deep knowledge, hard experience, and the required related tools as well. The use of modern methods and techniques to produce a large quantity of products within productive manufacturing processes provides improvements in manufacturing costs and product quality. In order to serve these purposes, this book aims to reflect on the advanced manufacturing systems of different alloys in production with related components and automation technologies. Additionally, it focuses on mass production processes designed according to Industry 4.0 considering different kinds of quality and improvement works in mass production systems for high productive and sustainable manufacturing. This book may be interesting to researchers, industrial employees, or any other partners who work for better quality manufacturing at any stage of the mass production processes.
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Lean Manufacturing, also called lean production, was originally created in Toyota after the Second World War, in the reconstruction period. It is based on the idea of eliminating any waste in the industry, i.e. any activity or task that does not add value and requires resources. It is considered in every level of the industry, e.g. design, manufacturing, distribution, and customer service. The main wastes are: over-production against plan; waiting time of operators and machines; unnecessary transportation; waste in the process itself; excess stock of material and components; non value-adding motion; defects in quality. The diversity of these issues will be covered from algorithms, mathematical models, and software engineering by design methodologies and technical or practical solutions. This book intends to provide the reader with a comprehensive overview of the current state, cases studies, hardware and software solutions, analytics, and data science in dependability engineering.
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