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Questo studio sull'opera filosofica più ambiziosa di Christoph Sigwart (1830-1904) si concentra su un'idea di logica della conoscenza. Un'idea che non si conforma al modello kantiano, perché rinuncia ad attribuire universalità e necessità alle leggi che definiscono a priori le condizioni trascendentali della conoscenza. Un'idea che sviluppa un diverso significato di "trascendentale" e "a priori", privo dell'esigenza di uno statuto epistemico speciale rispetto a quello richiesto dalle altre scienze empiriche. Intrecciata nella stessa contingenza che caratterizza i risultati di queste scienze, una tale logica della conoscenza può approntare critiche adeguate alla mobilità di questi risultati. La scelta di esplorare questa possibilità proprio attraverso un'analisi della Logik (1904) è motivata dalla convinzione che questo lavoro, smarcato dalle pastoie del Novecento, sia in grado di offrire, oggi, un'alternativa alla dismissione del progetto di un'epistemologia in prospettiva trascendentale. Ma quest'opera è anche un accesso dimenticato al vivace laboratorio postkantiano che, nella Germania a cavallo tra XIX e XX secolo, produce un modello di filosofia scientifica che ha influenzato profondamente il successivo dibattito epistemologico. Questo studio si propone, quindi, anche di introdurre il lettore ai principali temi epistemologici affrontati da Sigwart e dalla tradizione kantiana a cui Sigwart appartiene.

Logic. --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical.

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This volume is a collection of papers presented at the 2007 colloquium on new perspectives on games and interaction at the Royal Dutch Academy of Sciences in Amsterdam. The purpose of the colloquium was to clarify the uses of the concepts of game theory, and to identify promising new directions. This important collection testifies to the growing importance of game theory as a tool to capture the concepts of strategy, interaction, argumentation, communication, cooperation and competition. Also, it provides evidence for the richness of game theory and for its impressive and growing application.

Evolution (Biology) --Mathematical models. --- Game theory -- Congresses. --- Game theory. --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical -- Congresses. --- Game theory --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical --- philosophy --- economics --- economie --- filosofie --- mathematics --- wiskunde

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To celebrate the 270th anniversary of the De Gruyter publishing house, the company is providing permanent open access to 270 selected treasures from the De Gruyter Book Archive. Titles will be made available to anyone, anywhere at any time that might be interested. The DGBA project seeks to digitize the entire backlist of titles published since 1749 to ensure that future generations have digital access to the high-quality primary sources that De Gruyter has published over the centuries.

Algebra, Abstract. --- Abstract algebra --- Algebra, Universal --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical --- Set theory

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Originally published in 1971. The three contributions collected in this volume deal with different aspects of a single theme—the logical status of scientific theories in their relation to observation. These lectures, authored by different thinkers, treat this theme in connection with some controversies in the philosophy of science. A nonspecialist who reads these lectures should realize that the theme itself is a perennial one with an ancient lineage. It has concerned philosophers from the earliest era of philosophy on down through the centuries. A central philosophical issue at stake in the lectures is the question of whether scientific theories are testable in terms of our observations such that we can know whether some theories are true and others false. Although differing in their emphases, all three contributors seek a more plausible and nonskeptical philosophical account of the status of scientific theories in relation to observation.

Science --- Methodology. --- Philosophy. --- Normal science --- Philosophy of science --- Scientific method --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical

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Mathematical fuzzy logic (MFL) specifically targets many-valued logic and has significantly contributed to the logical foundations of fuzzy set theory (FST). It explores the computational and philosophical rationale behind the uncertainty due to imprecision in the backdrop of traditional mathematical logic. Since uncertainty is present in almost every real-world application, it is essential to develop novel approaches and tools for efficient processing. This book is the collection of the publications in the Special Issue "Mathematical Fuzzy Logic in the Emerging Fields of Engineering, Finance, and Computer Sciences", which aims to cover theoretical and practical aspects of MFL and FST. Specifically, this book addresses several problems, such as: - Industrial optimization problems - Multi-criteria decision-making - Financial forecasting problems - Image processing - Educational data mining - Explainable artificial intelligence, etc.

Fuzzy logic. --- Nonlinear logic --- Fuzzy mathematics --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical --- Fuzzy systems