Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Lignin - Trends and Applications consists of 11 chapters related to the lignin structure, modification, depolymerization, degradation process, computational modeling, and applications. This is a useful book for readers from diverse areas, such as physics, chemistry, biology, materials science, and engineering. It is expected that this book may expand the reader's knowledge about this complex natural polymer.

Lignin. --- Lignins --- Crosslinked polymers --- Plant polymers --- Wood --- Chemistry --- Physical Sciences --- Engineering and Technology --- Materials Science --- Biochemistry --- Polymers

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Renewable fuels and chemicals derived from lignocellulosic biomass offer unprecedented opportunities for replacing fossil fuel derivatives, reducing our overdependence on imported oil, and mitigating current climate change trends. Despite technical developments and considerable efforts, breakthrough technologies are still required to overcome hurdles in developing sustainable biorefineries. In recent years, new biorefinery concepts including a lignin-first approach and a closed-loop biorefinery have been introduced to tackle technoeconomic challenges. Furthermore, researchers have advanced the development of new technologies which enable the utilization of biomass components for sustainable materials. It is now apparent that advanced processes are essential for ensuring the success of future biorefineries. This book presents processes for biomass fractionation, lignin valorization, and sugar conversion or introduces new bioproducts (chemicals and materials) from renewable resources, addressing the current status, technical/technoeconomic challenges, and new strategies.

Biomass --- two-step pretreatment --- steam explosion --- organosolv treatment --- empty fruit bunch --- pinewood --- green pretreatment --- enzymatic hydrolysis --- lignin structural features --- poplar --- FTIR --- contaminants --- by-products --- lignin valorization --- lignin applications --- 3D printing --- electrochemical material --- medical application --- drying effect --- cellulose --- hornification --- porosity --- bioethanol --- economic analysis --- hand sanitiser --- oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) --- simultaneous saccharification and fermentation --- SuperPro Designer® --- renewable fuel --- high-density fuel --- α-pinene dimerization --- turpentine --- stannic chloride molten salt hydrates --- xylooligosaccharides --- autohydrolysis --- sweet sorghum bagasse --- isobutanol --- biorefinery --- metabolic engineering --- biomass utilization --- aqueous biphasic system --- dilute acid hydrolysate --- furfural production --- solvent extraction --- response surface methodology --- biomass fractionation --- bioproducts

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Recently, there has been a growing awareness of the need to make better use of natural resources. Hence, the utilization of biomass has led to so-called biorefinery, consisting of the fractionation or separation of the different components of the lignocellulosic materials in order to achieve a total utilization of the same, and not only of the cellulosic fraction for paper production. The use of plant biomass as a basic raw material implies a shift from an economy based on the exploitation of non-renewable fossil fuels, with limited reserves or with regeneration cycles far below the rates of exploitation, to a bioeconomy based on the use of renewable organic natural resources, with balanced regeneration and extraction cycles. To make this change, profound readjustments in existing technologies are necessary, as well as the application of new approaches in research, development, and production."Biorefinery" is the term used to describe the technology for the fractionation of plant biomass into energy, chemicals, and consumer goods. The future generation of biorefinery will include treatments, leading to high-value-added compounds. The use of green chemistry technologies and principles in biorefineries, such as solvent and reagent recovery and the minimization of effluent and gas emissions, is essential to define an economically and environmentally sustainable process.In particular, the biorefinery of lignocellulosic materials to produce biofuels, chemicals and materials is presented as a solid alternative to the current petrochemical platform and a possible solution to the accumulation of greenhouse gases.

lignocellulosic biomass --- solid-state fermentation --- enzymatic hydrolysis --- aerated bioreactor --- Aspergillus oryzae --- lignin --- lignocellulose --- aromatics --- biobased --- epoxy --- fatty acid --- biopolymers --- biobased materials --- biorenewable --- bio-based filament --- 3D printing --- sugarcane bagasse pulp --- barley straw --- composite --- flexural strength --- biobased polyethylene --- nanocellulose --- β-cyclodextrin --- cryogels --- films --- biomaterials --- cellulose --- dialdehyde cellulose --- organosilane chemistry --- 29Si NMR --- solid state NMR --- silanization --- lignocellulose valorization --- ‘lignin-first’ --- reductive catalytic fractionation --- lignocellulose nanofibers --- horticultural residues --- paperboard --- recycling --- biosurfactants --- enzymatic saccharification --- fermentation --- quinoa saponins --- steam-pretreated spruce --- lignocellulosic material --- xylose --- furfural --- iron chloride --- microwave reactor --- biorefinery --- electrosynthesis --- biomass --- carbohydrate --- saccharides --- electro-oxidation --- electroreduction --- residue --- agro-industry --- high-value products --- banana --- torrefaction --- Jerusalem artichoke --- biofuel --- energy crops --- agiculture --- micro-fibrillated cellulose --- formaldehyde adhesives --- wood-based panels --- kraft lignin --- adsorbent material --- copper adsorption --- H2S adsorption --- H2S removal --- n/a --- 'lignin-first'

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Beauty masks, diapers, wound dressings, wipes, protective clothes and biomedical products: all these high-value and/or large-volume products must be highly compatible with human skin and they should have specific functional properties, such as anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties. They are currently partially or totally produced using fossil-based sources, with evident issues linked to their end of life, as their waste generates an increasing environmental concern. On the contrary, biopolymers and active biomolecules from biobased sources could be used to produce new materials that are highly compatible with the skin and also biodegradable. The final products can be obtained by exploiting safe and smart nanotechnologies such as the extrusion of bionanocomposites and electrospinning/electrospray, as well as innovative surface modification and control methodologies. For all these reasons, recently, many researchers, such as those involved in the European POLYBIOSKIN project activities, have been working in the field of biomaterials with anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties, as well as biobased materials which are renewable and biodegradable. The present book gathered research and review papers dedicated to materials and technologies for high-performance products where the attention paid to health and environmental impact is efficiently integrated, considering both the skin-compatibility of the selected materials and their source/end of life.

pullulan --- biopolymers --- exopolysaccharides --- biodegradation --- biocompatibility --- poly(lactic acid) --- poly(butylene succinate) --- chitin nanofibrils --- starch --- skin compatibility --- anti-microbial --- poly(hydroxyalkanoate) --- biopolyesters --- beauty masks --- releasing --- skin compatible --- polyhydroxyalkanotes --- sugarcane molasses --- antibacterial materials --- essential oils --- coating --- poly(lactide) --- chitin–lignin nanocomplex --- grafting from --- lactide oligomers --- platelet-rich fibrin --- wound healing --- skin wounds --- wound dressing --- hyperspectral imaging --- principal component analysis --- spectroscopy --- chitosan --- partial least squares regression --- nir --- actives substances --- cn-nl/ga --- skin --- antifouling --- antimicrobial --- antiviral --- electrospinning --- breast implant --- ear prosthesis --- biomedical device --- chronic wound --- biopolymer --- bio-based --- surface modification --- nanolignin --- electrospray --- anti-inflammatory --- blends --- PLA --- PHBV --- nanocomposite --- tissue engineering --- biodegradable --- nanofiber --- n/a --- chitin-lignin nanocomplex

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

This book provides important aspects of sustainable degradation of lignocellulosic biomass which has a pivotal role for the economic production of several value-added products and biofuels with safe environment. Different pretreatment techniques and enzymatic hydrolysis process along with the characterization of cell wall components have been discussed broadly. The following features of this book attribute its distinctiveness: This book comprehensively covers the improvement in methodologies for the biomass pretreatment, hemicellulose and cellulose breakdown into fermentable sugars, the analytical methods for biomass characterization, and bioconversion of cellulosics into biofuels. In addition, mechanistic analysis of biomass pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis have been discussed in details, highlighting key factors influencing these processes at industrial scale.

Biomass conversion. --- Biomass energy. --- Lignocellulose. --- Ligno-cellulose --- Lignocellulosics --- Cellulose --- Lignin --- Bio-energy (Biomass energy) --- Bioenergy (Biomass energy) --- Biofuels --- Biological fuels --- Energy, Biomass --- Microbial energy conversion --- Energy conversion --- Fuel --- Microbial fuel cells --- Refuse as fuel --- Waste products as fuel --- Microbial biotechnology --- Engineering --- Physical Sciences --- Engineering and Technology --- Bioresource Engineering --- Energy Engineering --- Biomass as fuel --- Renewable fuels --- Renewable energy sources