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For some legal philosophers, if a law is procedurally correct, enacted in ways constitutionally recognised and agreed upon, then the content is of no significance. It is a "good" law, no matter what it does or justifies. The question of one's consent or opposition to any particular law is extraneous to the legality and is regarded merely as a political matter. The assumption is that a certain procedure and logic in law creation has taken place, and the law can be altered by a change in political leaders in a subsequent political election. However, this view and assumption obscure an uncomfortable fact. Some laws can be "bad" or "immoral." Critical legal theory suggests that there are often two (or more) sets of laws, and it makes no difference if Lady Justice is blindfolded or not. Laws change in the process of history, in part, because societal norms change. As common understandings of morality evolve, law adapts itself to the new moral environment. Norms can change slowly or rapidly, even within a lifetime. This book examines both social and legal norms and theories of how they are both created. Christine M. Hassenstab investigates how laws on sterilization, birth control and abortion were created, by focusing on the act of legislation; how the law was driven by scientific and social norms during the first and closing decades of the 20th century in the USA (especially in the state of Indiana) and Norway. The primary focus of Body Law and the Body of Law is the sociology of law and how and why the law changes. The author develops the notion "body law" for reproductive policies and uses sociological theories to untie the various strands of social history and legal history and looks at two cases of legislation. The book is divided in to two main sections. The first examines eugenic laws in the USA state of Indiana and Norway during the first decades of 20th century. The second part is about the birth control and abortion debate in both countries throughout the late 1960's and 1970's.Christine M. Hassenstab is a lawyer and sociologist. She served as a criminal defense attorney for 15 years (1987-2001) in Seattle, Washington. Currently, she is an adviser in the EU Grants Office at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology in Trondheim, Norway.

Law, Politics & Government --- Law, General & Comparative --- Human body --- Abortion --- Eugenics --- Social norms. --- Sterilization --- Law and legislation --- Birth control. --- Bacteriology --- Contamination (Technology) --- Disinfection and disinfectants --- Surgery, Aseptic and antiseptic --- Folkways --- Norms, Social --- Rules, Social --- Social rules --- Manners and customs --- Social control --- Homiculture --- Race improvement --- Euthenics --- Heredity --- Involuntary sterilization --- Abortion, Induced --- Feticide --- Foeticide --- Induced abortion --- Pregnancy termination --- Termination of pregnancy --- Birth control --- Fetal death --- Obstetrics --- Reproductive rights --- Body, Human --- Human beings --- Body image --- Human anatomy --- Human physiology --- Mind and body --- Technique --- Surgery --- Law. --- Law --- Anglo-American law --- Law, Anglo-American --- Acts, Legislative --- Enactments, Legislative --- Laws (Statutes) --- Legislative acts --- Legislative enactments --- Jurisprudence --- Legislation --- abortion politics, birth control, eugenics, Indiana, Norway, sociology of law, social norms, sterilization.

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This Special Issue of the International Journal of Molecular Science comprises a comprehensive study on “Antimicrobial Materials with Medical Applications”. The Special Issue has been inspired by the great progress made in the development of new antimicrobial materials that go beyond the resistance of microbes to modern antibiotics. It covers a selection of recent research and review articles in the field of antimicrobial materials and their medical applications. Moreover, it also provides an overview of this increasingly diverse field, presenting recent developments and the latest research, with particular emphasis on new antimicrobial surfaces, medical devices, contact lens, package materials, etc.

bisdemethoxycurcumin --- curcumin --- curcuminoid --- demethoxycurcumin --- photodynamic inactivation --- Staphylococcus aureus --- Staphylococcus epidermis --- prosthetic joint infection --- fracture-related infection --- bone graft substitute --- revision arthroplasty --- local antibiotic --- antimicrobial activity --- oxo-titanium(IV) complexes --- polymer-inorganic composites --- physicochemical properties --- thermal properties --- multi-functionalized cellulose microfibers --- controlled release --- wound dressing --- antioxidant activity --- sericin --- AgNPs --- ZnO --- green synthesis --- cavity disinfection --- antimicrobial substances --- chlorhexidine --- adhesion --- bonding --- dental caries --- Cr2O3 --- Abutilon indicum (L.) Sweet --- antibacterial --- anticancer --- antioxidant --- biocompatibility --- metallic nanoparticles --- silver --- gold --- synthesis --- characterization --- surface reactivity --- stability --- antibacterial activity --- Escherichia coli --- multidrug resistant bacteria --- silver nanoparticles --- oregano leaves’ extract --- antimicrobial materials --- hydrogels --- contact lens --- plasma electrolytic oxidation --- additive manufacturing --- titanium bone implants --- antibacterial biomaterials --- surface biofunctionalization --- implant-associated infection --- cavity disinfectants --- primary teeth --- bond strength --- face shield --- facial protective equipment --- SARS-CoV-2 --- phage phi 6 --- MRSA --- MRSE --- polyethylene terephthalate --- benzalkonium chloride --- COVID-19 --- multidrug-resistant bacteria --- bioreduction --- biocapping agent --- bionanofactories --- biomedical --- n/a --- oregano leaves' extract

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Amphibious warfare --- Decontamination (from gases, chemicals, etc.) --- Biological decontamination --- Radioactive decontamination --- War --- Public Health Practice --- Technology, Industry, and Agriculture --- Technology, Industry, Agriculture --- Social Problems --- Public Health --- Sociology --- Environment and Public Health --- Health Care --- Social Sciences --- Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena --- Biological Warfare --- Chemical Warfare --- Military Science --- Decontamination --- Nuclear Warfare --- Military & Naval Science --- Law, Politics & Government --- Military Science - General --- Planning --- Atomic Warfare --- Warfare, Atomic --- Warfare, Nuclear --- Naval Science --- Military Sciences --- Naval Sciences --- Science, Military --- Science, Naval --- Sciences, Military --- Sciences, Naval --- Warfare, Chemical --- Chemical Warfares --- Warfares, Chemical --- Biologic Warfare --- Warfare, Bacterial --- Warfare, Biological --- Bacterial Warfare --- Warfare, Biologic --- Science, Social --- Sciences, Social --- Social Science --- Community-Based Distribution --- Contraceptive Distribution --- Delivery of Healthcare --- Dental Care Delivery --- Distribution, Non-Clinical --- Distribution, Nonclinical --- Distributional Activities --- Healthcare --- Healthcare Delivery --- Healthcare Systems --- Non-Clinical Distribution --- Nonclinical Distribution --- Delivery of Dental Care --- Health Care Delivery --- Health Care Systems --- Activities, Distributional --- Activity, Distributional --- Care, Health --- Community Based Distribution --- Community-Based Distributions --- Contraceptive Distributions --- Deliveries, Healthcare --- Delivery, Dental Care --- Delivery, Health Care --- Delivery, Healthcare --- Distribution, Community-Based --- Distribution, Contraceptive --- Distribution, Non Clinical --- Distributional Activity --- Distributions, Community-Based --- Distributions, Contraceptive --- Distributions, Non-Clinical --- Distributions, Nonclinical --- Health Care System --- Healthcare Deliveries --- Healthcare System --- Non Clinical Distribution --- Non-Clinical Distributions --- Nonclinical Distributions --- System, Health Care --- System, Healthcare --- Systems, Health Care --- Systems, Healthcare --- General Social Development and Population --- Environment, Preventive Medicine & Public Health --- Environment, Preventive Medicine and Public Health --- Health, Public --- Problem, Social --- Problems, Social --- Social Problem --- Health Practice, Public --- Health Practices, Public --- Practice, Public Health --- Practices, Public Health --- Public Health Practices --- Wars --- Decontamination (from radioactive substances) --- Radiological decontamination --- Biological agents decontamination --- Biological materials decontamination --- Decontamination from biological agents --- Decontamination of biological agents --- Infectious agents decontamination --- Microbiological agents decontamination --- Joint operations (Military science) --- Troops, Landing of --- Radiation --- Violence --- Bioterrorism --- Community Health --- Health, Community --- Preventive Medicine --- Education, Public Health Professional --- Contamination (Technology) --- Nuclear engineering --- Radioactivity --- Disinfection and disinfectants --- Microbial contamination --- Chemical warfare --- Civil defense --- Gases, Asphyxiating and poisonous --- Unified operations (Military science) --- Safety measures --- War use --- Armed Conflict --- Conflict, Armed --- Conflicts, Armed --- Labor Exploitation --- Social Exploitation --- Exploitation, Labor --- Exploitation, Social --- Exploitations, Labor --- methods. --- prevention & control. --- United States. --- Planning. --- Operational readiness. --- U.S. Navy