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Book
Fatigue and Fracture of Non-metallic Materials and Structures
Author:
Year: 2020 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Abstract

The mechanics of fracture and fatigue have produced a huge body of research work in relation to applications to metal materials and structures. However, a variety of non-metallic materials (e.g., concrete and cementitious composites, rocks, glass, ceramics, bituminous mixtures, composites, polymers, rubber and soft matter, bones and biological materials, and advanced and multifunctional materials) have received relatively less attention, despite their attractiveness for a large spectrum of applications related to the components and structures of diverse engineering branches, applied sciences and architecture, and to the load-carrying systems of biological organisms. This book covers the broad topic of structural integrity of non-metallic materials, considering the modelling, assessment, and reliability of structural elements of any scale. Original contributions from engineers, mechanical materials scientists, computer scientists, physicists, chemists, and mathematicians are presented, applying both experimental and theoretical approaches.

Keywords

Ethylene-propylene diene monomer rubber EPDM --- grommet --- physical properties --- optimization of shape design --- reliability of rocks --- fatigue load --- strain energy --- red sandstone --- distribution of strain energy --- indices --- multi-scale simulation --- fatigue loading --- road bridge decks --- stagnant water --- fracture toughness --- blast furnace slag --- particle size --- compressive strength --- concrete --- concrete cracking --- crack patterns --- carbon fiber-reinforced polymers—CFRP --- RC strengthening (in bending and shear) --- RC beams --- soft materials --- polymers --- strain rate --- defect tolerance --- digital image correlation --- stress concentrators --- notch blunting --- lightning strike --- composite reinforced panel --- blow-off impulse --- electric-thermal coupling --- boundary effect --- size effect --- tensile strength --- physical modelling test --- rock structure --- fracture --- deformation --- mining --- neutral axis --- self-healing --- successive strain gauge --- flexural test --- bridge decks --- pseudo-cracking method --- data assimilation --- triaxial compression test --- sandstone --- rock mechanics --- rock fracture --- energy evolution --- rock-like material --- crack propagation --- discrete element --- strain rate tensor --- velocity field --- jointed rock --- uniaxial tension loading --- numerical analysis --- discrete element method --- strata structural behavior --- numerical simulation --- tension weakening --- fractures --- goaf consolidation --- fatigue life --- modified asphalt mixture --- four-point bending beam fatigue test --- two-point trapezoidal beam fatigue test --- overlay tester --- embedment --- shale rock --- proppant pack --- fracture width --- fly ash --- fineness --- fracture energy --- critical stress intensity factor --- assessment --- bridge evaluation --- compressive membrane action --- concrete bridges --- fatigue --- fatigue assessment --- live loads --- prestressed concrete --- punching shear --- scale model --- CFRP --- Low Velocity Impacts --- Cohesive Zone Model (CZM) --- Finite Element Analysis (FEA) --- VUMAT --- inter-laminar damage --- intra-laminar damage --- chemical grouting --- flowing water --- water plugging rate --- joint roughness coefficient --- damage model --- mode-II microcracks --- thermodynamics --- reinforced concrete beam --- impact and quasi-static loading --- retrofitting --- mineral grain shape --- particle flow code --- uniaxial compression simulation --- rock mechanical property --- mesostructure --- finite element analysis --- cohesive zone model --- high performance concrete --- fibre-reinforced high performance concrete --- compressive stress --- compressive modulus of elasticity --- maximum compressive strain --- tension --- pressure-tension apparatus --- nondestructive testing --- ultrasonic pulse velocity --- ABAQUS FEA --- high-temperature wedge splitting test --- fracture parameters --- reducing condition --- carbon-containing refractories --- strain-softening --- failure probability --- diamond composite --- material failure characteristics --- reliability --- rock cutting picks --- civil engineering --- fiber-reinforced composite laminate --- multi-directional laminate --- delamination --- elastic interface --- energy release rate --- mixed-mode fracture --- enhanced PG-NEM --- functionally graded material (FGM) --- stress intensity factor (SIF) --- modified interaction integral --- metallic glasses --- shear bands --- mechanical properties --- fracture mechanism --- small wind turbine --- stall regulation --- pitch regulation --- aeroelastic simulation --- n/a --- Fatigue --- Fracture mechanics --- Structural integrity --- Polymers --- Composites --- Ceramics --- Concrete --- Rock --- Soft matter --- Advanced materials. --- carbon fiber-reinforced polymers-CFRP


Book
Innovative Methods and Materials in Structural Health Monitoring of Civil Infrastructures
Authors: ---
Year: 2021 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Abstract

In the past, when elements in sructures were composed of perishable materials, such as wood, the maintenance of houses, bridges, etc., was considered of vital importance for their safe use and to preserve their efficiency. With the advent of materials such as reinforced concrete and steel, given their relatively long useful life, periodic and constant maintenance has often been considered a secondary concern. When it was realized that even for structures fabricated with these materials that the useful life has an end and that it was being approached, planning maintenance became an important and non-negligible aspect. Thus, the concept of structural health monitoring (SHM) was introduced, designed, and implemented as a multidisciplinary method. Computational mechanics, static and dynamic analysis of structures, electronics, sensors, and, recently, the Internet of Things (IoT) and artificial intelligence (AI) are required, but it is also important to consider new materials, especially those with intrinsic self-diagnosis characteristics, and to use measurement and survey methods typical of modern geomatics, such as satellite surveys and highly sophisticated laser tools.

Keywords

structural health monitoring --- jointless bridge --- high-speed railway --- bearing --- expansion device --- displacement analysis --- structural reliability estimation --- modal identification --- finite element model updating --- cyber-physical systems --- crowdsourcing --- temperature effects --- time-lag effect --- Fourier series expansion --- box-girder bridges --- structural engineering --- overall deformation monitoring --- perspective transformation --- edge detection --- close-range photogrammetry --- railway embankment --- condition assessment --- ground penetrating radar --- multi-attribute utility theory --- laser scanner --- line scanner --- structure monitoring --- deformation --- dynamic measurements --- scan-to-BIM --- point cloud --- HBIM --- FEM --- Rhinoceros --- terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) --- ground-based real aperture radar (GB-RAR) --- vibration frequency --- spectral analysis --- displacement --- structural health monitoring (SHM) --- vibration-based damage detection --- system identification --- subspace system identification (SSI) --- tie rod --- natural frequencies --- mode shapes --- root-mean-square error (RMSE) --- environmental monitoring --- long-range mapping --- MMS --- sub-millimetric EDM geodetic techniques --- damage detection --- damage localization --- hybrid approach --- neural network --- timber bridges --- stress-laminated timber decks --- monitoring --- humidity-temperature sensors --- wood moisture content --- multi-phase models --- finite element method --- moving load identification --- strain influence line --- load transverse distribution --- strain integral coefficient --- identification error --- n/a

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