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Real-time and networked embedded systems are important bidirectional bridges between the physical and the information worlds. Embedded intelligence is increasingly pervading industry, infrastructure, and public and private spaces, being identified as an emerging societal and economic “neural system” that supports both societal changes and economic growth. As cost/performance improves, objects connected in everyday life increasingly rely on embedded intelligence in an ever-growing array of application fields, specialized technologies, and engineering disciplines. While this process gradually builds the IoT, it exposes a series of specific non-trivial timing and other extra-functional requirements and system properties that are less common in other computing areas. The ten articles in this book propose solutions to the specific open problems of cyber–physical and real-time embedded systems applicable to both traditional application domains, such as industrial automation and control, energy management, automotive, aerospace and defense systems, as well as emerging domains, such as medical devices, household appliances, mobile multimedia, gaming, and entertainment systems.]
Internet of Things (IoT) --- Embedded Systems --- Cyber-Physical Systems --- Real-Time Systems
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This open access book provides an overview about results of the InSecTT project. Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT) is the natural evolution for both Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Internet of Things (IoT) because they are mutually beneficial. AI increases the value of the IoT through machine learning by transforming the data into useful information, while the IoT increases the value of AI through connectivity and data exchange. Therefore, InSecTT—Intelligent Secure Trustable Things, a pan-European effort with over 50 key partners from 12 countries (EU and Turkey), provides intelligent, secure and trustworthy systems for industrial applications to provide comprehensive cost-efficient solutions of intelligent, end-to-end secure, trustworthy connectivity and interoperability to bring the Internet of Things and Artificial Intelligence together. InSecTT creates trust in AI-based intelligent systems and solutions as a major part of the AIoT. InSecTT fosters cooperation between big industrial players from various domains, a number of highly innovative SMEs distributed all over Europe and cutting-edge research organizations and universities. The project features a big variety of industry-driven use cases embedded into various application domains where Europe is in a leading position, i.e., smart infrastructure, building, manufacturing, automotive, aeronautics, railway, urban public transport, maritime as well as health. The demonstration of InSecTT solutions in well-known real-world environments like airports, trains, ports and the health sector shows their applicability on both high and broad level, going from citizens to European stakeholders. The first part of the book provides an introduction into the main topics of the InSecTT project: How to bring Internet of Things and Artificial Intelligence together to form the Artificial Intelligence of Things, a reference architecture for such kind of systems and how to develop trustworthy, ethical AI systems. In the second part, we show the development of essential technologies for creating trustworthy AIoT systems. The third part of the book is composed of a broad variety of examples on how to design, develop and validate trustworthy AIoT systems for industrial applications (including automotive, avionics, smart infrastructure, health care, manufacturing and railway).
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This open access book aims at deepening the understanding of the relation between cyber-physical systems (CPSs) as socio-technical systems and their digital representations with intertwined artificial intelligence (AI). The authors describe why it is crucial for digital selves to be able to develop emotional behavior and why a humanity-inspired AI is necessary so that humans and humanoids can coexist.
Artificial intelligence --- Cooperating objects (Computer systems) --- Transhumanism. --- Social aspects. --- Philosophy --- Trans-Humanism --- Digital Twins --- Digital Society --- Artificial Intelligence --- Transformative Change --- Cyber-Physical Systems --- Robotics --- Transhumanisme --- Intel·ligència artificial
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This Open Access book introduces readers to many new techniques for enhancing and optimizing reliability in embedded systems, which have emerged particularly within the last five years. This book introduces the most prominent reliability concerns from today’s points of view and roughly recapitulates the progress in the community so far. Unlike other books that focus on a single abstraction level such circuit level or system level alone, the focus of this book is to deal with the different reliability challenges across different levels starting from the physical level all the way to the system level (cross-layer approaches). The book aims at demonstrating how new hardware/software co-design solution can be proposed to ef-fectively mitigate reliability degradation such as transistor aging, processor variation, temperature effects, soft errors, etc. Provides readers with latest insights into novel, cross-layer methods and models with respect to dependability of embedded systems; Describes cross-layer approaches that can leverage reliability through techniques that are pro-actively designed with respect to techniques at other layers; Explains run-time adaptation and concepts/means of self-organization, in order to achieve error resiliency in complex, future many core systems.
Electronic circuits. --- Computer engineering. --- Internet of things. --- Embedded computer systems. --- Microprocessors. --- Circuits and Systems. --- Cyber-physical systems, IoT. --- Processor Architectures. --- Minicomputers --- Embedded systems (Computer systems) --- Computer systems --- Architecture Analysis and Design Language --- IoT (Computer networks) --- Things, Internet of --- Computer networks --- Embedded Internet devices --- Machine-to-machine communications --- Computers --- Electron-tube circuits --- Electric circuits --- Electron tubes --- Electronics --- Design and construction --- Circuits and Systems --- Cyber-physical systems, IoT --- Processor Architectures --- Electronic Circuits and Systems --- Cyber-Physical Systems --- Fault-Tolerant Computing --- Reliability Enhancers in Embedded Systems --- SoCs based on cross-layer-reliability --- System-Level Reliability Analysis --- Dependable Software Execution --- Open access --- Electronics: circuits & components --- Electrical engineering --- Cybernetics & systems theory --- Computer architecture & logic design
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This Open Access book celebrates Professor Peter Marwedel's outstanding achievements in compilers, embedded systems, and cyber-physical systems. The contributions in the book summarize the content of invited lectures given at the workshop “Embedded Systems” held at the Technical University Dortmund in early July 2019 in honor of Professor Marwedel's seventieth birthday. Provides a comprehensive view from leading researchers with respect to the past, present, and future of the design of embedded and cyber-physical systems; Discusses challenges and (potential) solutions from theoreticians and practitioners on modeling, design, analysis, and optimization for embedded and cyber-physical systems; Includes coverage of model verification, communication, software runtime systems, operating systems and real-time computing.
Electronic circuits. --- Computer engineering. --- Internet of things. --- Embedded computer systems. --- Electronics. --- Microelectronics. --- Circuits and Systems. --- Cyber-physical systems, IoT. --- Electronics and Microelectronics, Instrumentation. --- Microminiature electronic equipment --- Microminiaturization (Electronics) --- Electronics --- Microtechnology --- Semiconductors --- Miniature electronic equipment --- Electrical engineering --- Physical sciences --- Embedded systems (Computer systems) --- Computer systems --- Architecture Analysis and Design Language --- IoT (Computer networks) --- Things, Internet of --- Computer networks --- Embedded Internet devices --- Machine-to-machine communications --- Computers --- Electron-tube circuits --- Electric circuits --- Electron tubes --- Design and construction --- Cooperating objects (Computer systems). --- Circuits and Systems --- Cyber-physical systems, IoT --- Electronics and Microelectronics, Instrumentation --- Electronic Circuits and Systems --- Cyber-Physical Systems --- cyber-physical systems --- embedded systems --- model verification --- software runtime systems --- real-time computing --- open-access embedded systems --- Electronics: circuits & components --- Cybernetics & systems theory --- Electronics engineering
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This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact
complexity --- fractality --- non-stationarity --- fractional calculus --- homeostasis --- smart medical devices --- critical phenomena and its implications --- emergence --- self-organization --- robustness --- physiological resiliency --- quality-of-life physiological control --- cyber-physical systems
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A key aspect of cyber-physical systems (CPS) is their potential for integrating information technologies with embedded control systems and physical systems to form new or improved functionalities. CPS thus draws upon advances in many areas. This positioning provides unprecedented opportunities for innovation, both within and across existing domains. However, at the same time, it is commonly understood that we are already stretching the limits of existing methodologies. In embarking towards CPS with such unprecedented capabilities, it becomes essential to improve our understanding of CPS complexity and how we can deal with it. Complexity has many facets, including complexity of the CPS itself, of the environments in which the CPS acts, and in terms of the organizations and supporting tools that develop, operate, and maintain CPS. This book is a result of a journal Special Issue, with the objective of providing a forum for researchers and practitioners to exchange their latest achievements and to identify critical issues, challenges, opportunities, and future directions for how to deal with the complexity of future CPS. The contributions include 10 papers on the following topics: (I) Systems and Societal Aspects Related to CPS and Their Complexity; (II) Model-Based Development Methods for CPS; (III) CPS Resource Management and Evolving Computing Platforms; and (IV) Architectures for CPS.
component-based software engineering --- mode --- mode-switch --- complexity --- cyber-physical systems --- systems engineering --- uncertainty --- microgrid --- distributed design --- self-similar architecture --- plug-n-play --- distributed control --- distribution network --- field test --- autonomous cyber-physical systems --- resilience --- ethics --- nano-bio-info-cogno technologies --- smart cyber-physical systems --- self-generated intelligence --- ampliative reasoning mechanism --- procedural abduction --- data-driven system control --- run-time acquired data --- computational functions --- self-adaptation capability --- human/socially-centered applications --- embedded systems --- software component --- component-based development --- CBD --- GPU --- GPU component --- allocation --- component allocation --- architecture layer --- time-triggered system --- real-time --- adaptation --- scheduling --- multi-core --- real-time systems --- Fixed-Priority Preemptive Scheduling (FPPS) --- mixed-criticality systems --- n/a --- Cyber Physical Systems --- Reactive Systems --- Model-Based Design --- Embedded Systems --- Automatic Code Generation --- IDE --- Internet of Things --- model testing --- mutation testing --- energy consumption --- EAST-ADL
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This open access proceedings presents new approaches to Machine Learning for Cyber-Physical Systems, experiences and visions. It contains some selected papers from the international Conference ML4CPS – Machine Learning for Cyber- Physical Systems, which was held in Hamburg (Germany), March 29th to 31st, 2023. Cyber-Physical Systems are characterized by their ability to adapt and to learn: They analyze their environment and, based on observations, they learn patterns, correlations and predictive models. Typical applications are condition monitoring, predictive maintenance, image processing and diagnosis. Machine Learning is the key technology for these developments. The Editors Prof. Dr. Oliver Niggemann held the professorship at the Institute for Industrial Information Technologies (inIT) in Lemgo (Germany) from 2008 to 2019 and was also deputy head of the Fraunhofer IOSB-INA until 2019. In 2019, he took over the university professorship "Computer Science in Mechanical Engineering" at the Helmut Schmidt University in Hamburg. His research at the Institute for Automation Technology is in the field of artificial intelligence and machine learning for cyber-physical systems. Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen Beyerer is a full professor for informatics at the Institute for Anthropomatics and Robotics at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology KIT and director of the Fraunhofer Institute of Optronics, System Technologies and Image Exploitation IOSB. Research interests include automated visual inspection, signal and image processing, active vision, metrology, information theory, fusion of data and information from heterogeneous sources, system theory, autonomous systems and automation. Dr. Maria Krantz is a Postdoc at the Helmut Schmidt University in Hamburg. Her main research interests are causality in Cyber-Physical Systems and applications of diagnosis algorithms in production systems. Dr. Christian Kühnert is senior scientist at the Fraunhofer Institute of Optronics, System Technologies and Image Exploitation IOSB. His research interests are in the field of machine-learning, data-fusion and data analytics for cyber-physical systems.
Cooperating objects (Computer systems). --- Computer engineering. --- Computer networks. --- Artificial intelligence. --- Neural networks (Computer science). --- Cyber-Physical Systems. --- Computer Engineering and Networks. --- Artificial Intelligence. --- Mathematical Models of Cognitive Processes and Neural Networks.
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This book is an open access book. This book provides an overview of the ERIGrid validation methodology for validating CPES, a holistic power system testing method. It introduces readers to corresponding simulation and laboratory-based tools, including co-simulation, real-time simulation, and hardware-in-the-loop. Selected test cases and validation examples are provided, in order to support the theory discussed. The book begins with an introduction to current power system testing methods and an overview of the ERIGrid system-level validation approach. It then moves on to discuss various validation methods, concepts and tools, including simulation and laboratory-based assessment methods. The book presents test cases and validation examples of the proposed methodologies and summarises the lessons learned from the holistic validation approach. In the final section of the book, the educational aspects of these methods, the outlook for the future, and overall conclusions are discussed. Given its scope, the book will be of interest to researchers, engineers, and laboratory personnel in the fields of power systems and smart grids, as well as undergraduate and graduate students studying related engineering topics.
Energy systems. --- Power electronics. --- Renewable energy resources. --- Computer engineering. --- Internet of things. --- Embedded computer systems. --- Energy Systems. --- Power Electronics, Electrical Machines and Networks. --- Renewable and Green Energy. --- Cyber-physical systems, IoT. --- Embedded systems (Computer systems) --- Computer systems --- Architecture Analysis and Design Language --- IoT (Computer networks) --- Things, Internet of --- Computer networks --- Embedded Internet devices --- Machine-to-machine communications --- Computers --- Electronics, Power --- Electric power --- Electronics --- Design and construction --- Energy Systems --- Power Electronics, Electrical Machines and Networks --- Renewable and Green Energy --- Cyber-physical systems, IoT --- Energy Grids and Networks --- Electrical Power Engineering --- Energy Policy, Economics and Management --- Cyber-Physical Systems --- Power Systems --- Smart Grids --- Validation and Testing --- Power Systems Testing --- Power Systems Lab Validation --- Real Time Simulation --- Smart Grids Validation Testing --- Open Access --- Energy technology & engineering --- Electrical engineering --- Alternative & renewable energy sources & technology --- Cybernetics & systems theory
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This open access book reports on cutting-edge electrical engineering and microelectronics solutions to foster and support digitalization in the semiconductor industry. Based on the outcomes of the European project iDev40, which were presented at the two first conference editions of the European Advances in Digital Transformation Conference (EADCT 2018 and EADTC 2019), the book covers different, multidisciplinary aspects related to digital transformation, including technological and industrial developments, as well as human factors research and applications. Topics include modeling and simulation methods in semiconductor operations, supply chain management issues, employee training methods and workplaces optimization, as well as smart software and hardware solutions for semiconductor manufacturing. By highlighting industrially relevant developments and discussing open issues related to digital transformation, the book offers a timely, practice-oriented guide to graduate students, researchers and professionals interested in the digital transformation of manufacturing domains and work environments. .
Computer engineering. --- Internet of things. --- Embedded computer systems. --- Engineering economics. --- Engineering economy. --- Robotics. --- Automation. --- Cyber-physical systems, IoT. --- Engineering Economics, Organization, Logistics, Marketing. --- Robotics and Automation. --- Automatic factories --- Automatic production --- Computer control --- Engineering cybernetics --- Factories --- Industrial engineering --- Mechanization --- Assembly-line methods --- Automatic control --- Automatic machinery --- CAD/CAM systems --- Robotics --- Automation --- Machine theory --- Economy, Engineering --- Engineering economics --- Embedded systems (Computer systems) --- Computer systems --- Architecture Analysis and Design Language --- IoT (Computer networks) --- Things, Internet of --- Computer networks --- Embedded Internet devices --- Machine-to-machine communications --- Computers --- Design and construction --- Cyber-physical systems, IoT --- Engineering Economics, Organization, Logistics, Marketing --- Robotics and Automation --- Cyber-Physical Systems --- Industrial Management --- Industrial Automation --- Open Access --- Semantic Web Technologies --- Simulation-based Decision Making --- Cycle Time Modeling --- Automated Material Handling system --- Material Flow Simulation --- Digitalized Workplaces --- Automated Decision-making --- Cross Factory Decision-making --- Mixed Criticality Systems --- Digital twin --- Rapid Prototyping --- System dynamic simulation --- Return on quality --- iDev40 --- EADTC 2018 --- EADTC 2019 --- Electrical engineering --- Cybernetics & systems theory --- Engineering: general --- Management of specific areas
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