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Die zentralen Aussagen der Newtonschen Mechanik sind fur Lernende nur schwer zu verstehen. Nicht zur physikalischen Theorie passende Schulervorstellungen erschweren den Aufbau von Konzeptverstandnis. Dies liegt u.a. an der wahrgenommenen Unvereinbarkeit der Newtonschen Gesetze mit Alltagserfahrungen der Lernenden. Oft vorgeschlagen wird hier Computereinsatz zur Bearbeitung authentischer Bewegungen mit Reibungseinflussen. Die vorliegende Mixed-Methods-Studie (N = 274) umfasst die Entwicklung und Pilotierung eines Testinstruments, die theoriegeleitete Konzeption zweier Interventionen zur Newtonschen Dynamik fur die gymnasiale Oberstufe (mathematische Modellbildung bzw. Videoanalyse von Bewegungen) sowie deren quantitative und qualitative Evaluation. Das Ziel war, ein angemessenes Kraftverstandnis bei den Lernenden aufzubauen. Mit Blick auf den gesamten Lernzuwachs ergibt sich kein Unterschied zwischen den Varianten, wohl aber in einzelnen Inhaltsbereichen und im Modellverstandnis der Lernenden. Eine Mehrebenanalyse zeigt, dass u.a. das Interesse an theoretischen Zusammenhangen und die kognitive Belastung den Lernzuwachs beeinflussen. Die Analyse von Bildschirmaufnahmen deutet an, dass die Phase der Ergebnissicherung und die Nutzung von Modell- bzw. Messdaten wichtig fur den Lernerfolg sein konnten. Die Thematisierung von komplexen Bewegungen mithilfe des Computers ist erfolgreich und fuhrt in beiden Gruppen zu einer starken Verbesserung im Kraftverstandnis.

Mechanics. --- Classical mechanics --- Newtonian mechanics --- Physics --- Dynamics --- Quantum theory

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Taking issue with a widely held view that Nietzsche's writings are essentially fragmentary or aphoristic, Gary Shapiro focuses on the narrative mode that Nietzsche adopted in many of his works. Shapiro proposes a reading of Nietzsche that recognizes his rigorous critique of the metanarratives of traditional philosophy and religion but that also takes seriously the philosopher's claim to be a master of many styles. By articulating the stories and the critique of story-telling to be found in Nietzsche's writings, Nietzschean Narratives explores the radically plural and yet inevitable nature of the narrative function. Shapiro offers extended readings of three emblematic but contrasting narrative works—Thus Spoke Zarathustra, The Antichrist, and Ecce Homo. His approach is informed by the tension between the critical and the poetic sides of Nietzsche's narrative thought and practice and by the issues raised in recent literary and philosophical discussions of Nietzsche's writing. Such Nietzschean themes as eternal recurrence, the question of origins, and the problematics of self-knowledge are reinterpreted in the context of the narratives in which Nietzsche develops or employs them.

Philosophers --- Nietzsche, Friedrich Wilhelm, --- Nietzsche, Friedrich --- Nietzsche, Friederich --- Classical mechanics --- Philosophy. --- Germany.

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This open access book introduces a non-destructive vibration analysis method for calculating the internal tension force of tested tie rods. This method was formalized in 2003 and patented after two years of investigation, with the patent expiring in 2005. The objective of the book is to present this method through numerous concrete examples. It covers the theory and principles of instrumentation, explaining how vibratory responses are analyzed to calculate the free and total lengths of the tie rod, as well as its diameter, which includes the reinforcement and its grout. The data obtained from this method can be utilized to: Verify that tie rods adhere to drawings Resize tie rods A notable strength of this book lies in demonstrating the relationship between dynamic stiffness and the tension force of the tie rod, along with the calibration method using static tensile tests. However, performing static tensile tests at heights poses difficulties due to equipment weight, and there is a genuine risk of failure, especially for older tie rods. The book addresses important aspects such as the uncertainty of results and sampling. The examples provided in the book primarily stem from tests conducted in Brazil, where more than 2,000 tie rods were tested over a two-year period on motorway and railway retaining walls. In practical terms, this amounts to 16,000 non-destructive tests as each tie rod is tested eight times. These aging structures, in existence for several decades, exhibit load losses ranging from 1% to 5.5% per year during these periods. The book acknowledges the observation of cyclic load effects on these reinforcements, which warrant further investigation. In one of the tested walls, a limited number of tie rods were re-tensioned. Retaining wall managers increasingly employ this method for maintenance diagnostics. It allows for a representative sample to be taken, providing insight into the existing conditions.

Statics. --- Mechanics, Applied. --- Mechanics. --- Mechanical Statics and Structures. --- Engineering Mechanics. --- Classical Mechanics.

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Dieses Open Access Buch widmet sich dem Problem der Mechanik des Zusammenstoßes zweier makroskopischer Körper. Falls die Dynamik der Körper als Ganzes dies erlaubt, ohne in unüberschaubare Komplexität zu verfallen (in der Regel ist das nur für das reine Normalstoßproblem der Fall), werden allgemeine axialsymmetrische Stoßpartner betrachtet. Für das allgemeine räumliche Stoßproblem wird sich auf den Kontakt von Kugeln beschränkt. Zunächst werden im Buch sehr ausführlich die kontaktmechanischen Grundlagen (Elastizität, Plastizität, Viskoelastizität, Adhäsion, Gradientenmedien) dargestellt und anschließend auf das Stoßproblem übertragen. Mit der Methode der Dimensionsreduktion, der ein eigenes Kapitel gewidmet ist, steht außerdem seit wenigen Jahren ein Werkzeug zu Verfügung, das die sehr effiziente analytische und numerische Behandlung von dynamischen Kontaktproblemen (wie z.B. Stößen) ermöglicht. Den Abschluss des Buchs bilden Anwendungsfälle aus verschiedenen Gebieten. Der Autor M.Sc. Emanuel Willert studierte Physikalische Ingenieurwissenschaften an der TU Berlin und der Polytechnischen Universität Tomsk. Seit 2015 ist er als Wissenschaftlicher Mitarbeiter am Fachgebiet Systemdynamik und Reibungsphysik der TU Berlin tätig. Er ist Erstautor mehrerer wissenschaftlicher Publikationen und Co-Autor der Monografie „Handbuch der Kontaktmechanik“.

Mechanics. --- Mechanics, Applied. --- Applied mathematics. --- Engineering mathematics. --- Solid Mechanics. --- Classical Mechanics. --- Mathematical and Computational Engineering. --- Engineering --- Engineering analysis --- Mathematical analysis --- Applied mechanics --- Engineering, Mechanical --- Engineering mathematics --- Classical mechanics --- Newtonian mechanics --- Physics --- Dynamics --- Quantum theory --- Mathematics --- Mechanics --- Mechanics, Applied --- Applied mathematics

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The world is governed by motions. The term kinetics partially originated from the Greek word ""kinisis,"" which means motion. How important is motion in our life is easily understood. But, how the kinetic theories have been developed during years? Which are the new kinetic theories and updates in recent years? This question and many others can be answered with this book. Some important areas discussed in this book are the kinetic theory of gases, kinetic theory of liquids and vapors, thermodynamic aspects, transportation phenomena, adsorption-kinetic theories, linear and nonlinear kinetic equations, quantum kinetic theory, kinetic theory of nucleation, plasma kinetic theory, and relativistic kinetic theory.

Kinetic theory of matter. --- Matter, Kinetic theory of --- Matter --- Molecular theory --- Statistical mechanics --- Physical Sciences --- Engineering and Technology --- Classical Mechanics --- Kinematics --- Physics