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With their helical structure, cholesteric liquid crystals figure prominently in liquid crystal science. The selective reflection of light is their flagship property, and they offer a myriad of applications as advanced optical materials with multiscale properties. The cholesteric structure is also a ubiquitous design in the animal and plant kingdoms. This book contains eight contributions on fundamental investigations about defects, textures and structures of cholesteric materials, and experimental studies aimed at applications such as temperature sensors, head-up displays for improving automobile driving safety, or smart windows.

Chemistry, Physical and theoretical.

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This book titled "Recent Trend in Electrochemical Science and Technology" contains a selection of chapters focused on advanced methods used in the research area of electrochemical science and technologies; descriptions of electrochemical systems; processing of novel materials and mechanisms relevant for their operation. This book provides an overview on some of the recent development in electrochemical science and technology. Particular emphasis is given both to the theoretical and the experimental aspect of modern electrochemistry. Since it was impossible to cover the rich diversity of electrochemical techniques and applications in a single issue, the focus is on the recent trends and achievements related to electrochemical science and technology.

Electrochemistry. --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Electrochemistry & magnetochemistry

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The replacement of the bridging H atom in H-bonds by a multitude of other, more electronegative, atoms has led to the rapidly growing study of related noncovalent bonds generally known as halogen, chalcogen, and pnicogen bonds. It has recently been recognized that elements of the tetrel family (C, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb) also engage in such bonds, wherein the tetrel atom serves as an electron acceptor to an incoming Lewis base, and that these bonds can be quite strong. This type of bond has the potential to be of importance comparable even to that of the well-researched H-bond, as it may be far more prevalent than has been realized, perhaps a common feature of chemical and biological systems too numerous to mention. The articles included in this volume delve into the many facets of tetrel bonds: the factors determining their strength, their geometrical requirements, various phenomena in which they play an outsized role, and the means by which they can be detected and measured.

Chemistry, Physical and theoretical. --- Physical biochemistry.

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This open access title presents atmospheric simulation chambers as effective tools for atmospheric chemistry research. State-of-the-art simulation chambers provide unprecedented opportunities for atmospheric scientists to perform experiments that address the most important questions in air quality and climate research. The book covers technical details about chamber preparation and practical guidelines on their usage, while also delivering relevant historical and contextual information. It not only serves as a key publication for knowledge transfer within the simulation chamber research community, but it also provides the global atmospheric science community with a unique resource that outlines best practice for the operation of simulation chambers. The authors summarize the latest advances in chamber interoperability and standard protocols in order to provide the research community and the next generations of scientists with a unique technical reference guide for the use of simulation chambers. The volume will be of great interest to researchers and graduates working in the fields of Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences.

Atmospheric chemistry. --- Atmospheric science --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical

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The recent studies focused on development of advanced carbon nanostructured materials, functionalized carbons, nanostructured oxides, electrocatalysts, and catalytic composite materials are collected in this reprint. The advantage of using novel catalytic materials and adsorbents in various applications is demonstrated.

Catalysis. --- Activation (Chemistry) --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Surface chemistry