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This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact

cardiooncology --- cardiotoxicity --- antracyclines --- biomarkers --- GPCR (G protein coupled receptors) --- epigenetics (methylation/demethylation) --- HPSC-cardiomyocytes --- HDLP

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Ischemic heart disease is a cardiovascular condition with very high prevalence worldwide and a major source of morbidity and mortality, especially in the geriatric population. The management of coronary artery disease is one that requires high-level expertise. The presence of comorbidities, usually multiple at advanced ages, makes the diagnosis and therapy very challenging. In this setting, the effort of a multidisciplinary team is urgently needed to achieve integrated management of these cases, being the only one capable of leading to the best results for the patient.The purpose of this reprint is to bring together the experience of specialists in treating ischemic heart disease in the presence of major related conditions that require particular modulations of diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. The chapters address difficult areas of interference between ischemic heart disease and frailty, cancer, liver diseases, inflammatory bowel disease and the new SARS-CoV-2 infection. Special consideration is granted to cardiac remodeling and progression to heart failure. Niche topics such as acute coronary syndromes triggered by carbon monoxide poisoning are present as well. The book also contains a particularly interesting chapter dedicated to the genetic substrate of ischemic heart disease, which once again emphasizes the need for a multidisciplinary team approach to this disease.We consider the reprint an excellent source of information for medical practitioners who have to solve complex cases of ischemic heart disease.

Medicine --- Cardiovascular medicine --- coronary artery disease --- ischemic heart disease --- atherosclerosis --- genetic risk factors --- heritability --- polymorphism --- GWAS --- PRS --- COVID-19 --- myocardial ischemia --- electrocardiography --- accelerated atherosclerosis --- coronary spasm --- coronary thrombosis --- endothelial dysfunction --- cancer --- prevention --- radiotherapy --- chemotherapy --- liver cirrhosis --- prevalence --- liver transplantation --- treatment --- myocardial injury --- cytokines --- biomarkers --- heart failure --- left ventricular remodeling --- myocardial infarction --- wall stress --- inflammation --- neurohormonal activation --- inflammatory bowel disease --- ulcerative colitis --- Crohn’s disease --- cardiovascular risk --- frailty --- chronic coronary syndrome --- elderly --- acute coronary syndrome --- carbon monoxide poisoning --- severity of poisoning --- cardiotoxicity --- troponin --- cardiac dysfunction --- non-alcoholic fatty liver disease --- liver-heart axis --- n/a --- Crohn's disease

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Biomarkers are of critical medical importance for oncologists, allowing them to predict and detect disease and to determine the best course of action for cancer patient care. Prognostic markers are used to evaluate a patient’s outcome and cancer recurrence probability after initial interventions such as surgery or drug treatments and, hence, to select follow-up and further treatment strategies. On the other hand, predictive markers are increasingly being used to evaluate the probability of benefit from clinical intervention(s), driving personalized medicine. Evolving technologies and the increasing availability of “multiomics” data are leading to the selection of numerous potential biomarkers, based on DNA, RNA, miRNA, protein, and metabolic alterations within cancer cells or tumor microenvironment, that may be combined with clinical and pathological data to greatly improve the prediction of both cancer progression and therapeutic treatment responses. However, in recent years, few biomarkers have progressed from discovery to become validated tools to be used in clinical practice. This Special Issue comprises eight review articles and five original studies on novel potential prognostic and predictive markers for different cancer types.

MSI2 --- OSCC --- oral cancer --- musashi 2 --- prognosis --- N-cadherin --- EMT --- breast cancer --- new metastasis --- eribulin --- blood --- biomarker --- bladder cancer --- immune checkpoint inhibitor --- CD8+ T effector cells --- microRNA --- biomarkers --- head and neck cancer --- laryngeal cancer --- prediction --- metastasis --- lifestyle habit --- chemo-/radio resistance --- therapeutic target --- AKT --- AR --- castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) --- MAPK --- mTOR --- PI3K --- prostate cancer --- therapeutic resistance --- WNT --- miRNA --- melanoma --- melanoma resistance to MAPK/MEK inhibitors --- resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors --- TNBC --- BRCA1/2 --- HRR --- PDL1 --- TILs --- PI3KCA --- PTEN --- CTCs --- CSC --- pancreatic cancer --- K-RAS oncogene --- oncogene dependency --- targeted therapies --- genomic mutations --- transcriptomics --- metabolomics --- selenoproteins --- cancer --- HUB nodes --- major histocompatibility complex (MHC) --- human leukocyte antigen (HLA) --- antigen processing machinery (APM) molecules --- carcinogenesis --- tumor predisposition --- cancer immunotherapy --- pheochromocytoma --- paraganglioma --- head and neck neoplasms --- head and neck tumors --- genetic syndromes --- mutations --- hyperglycemia --- cardioncology --- nivolumab --- cytokines --- cardiotoxicity --- acetyltransferase --- cancer prognosis --- NAA10 --- n/a

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Creatine plays a critical role in cellular metabolism, primarily by binding with phosphate to form phosphocreatine (PCr) as well as shuttling high-energy phosphate compounds in and out of the mitochondria for metabolism. Increasing the dietary availability of creatine increases the tissue and cellular availability of PCr, and thereby enhances the ability to maintain high-energy states during intense exercise. For this reason, creatine monohydrate has been extensively studied as an ergogenic aid for exercise, training, and sport. Limitations in the ability to synthesize creatine and transport and/or store dietary creatine can impair metabolism and is a contributor to several disease states. Additionally, creatine provides an important source of energy during metabolically stressed states, particularly when oxygen availability is limited. Thus, researchers have assessed the role of creatine supplementation on health throughout the lifespan, as well as whether creatine availability may improve disease management and/or therapeutic outcomes. This book provides a comprehensive overview of scientific and medical evidence related to creatine's role in metabolism, health throughout the lifespan, and our current understanding of how creatine can promote brain, heart, vascular and immune health; reduce the severity of musculoskeletal and brain injury; and may provide therapeutic benefits in glucose management and diabetes, cancer therapy, inflammatory bowel disease, and post-viral fatigue.

ergogenic aids --- cellular metabolism --- phosphagens --- sarcopenia --- cognition --- diabetes --- creatine synthesis deficiencies --- concussion --- traumatic brain injury --- spinal cord injury --- muscle atrophy --- rehabilitation --- pregnancy --- immunity --- anti-inflammatory --- antioxidant --- anticancer --- creatine --- nutritional supplements --- fertility --- newborn --- development --- brain injury --- post-viral fatigue syndrome --- chronic fatigue syndrome --- GAA --- creatine kinase --- dietary supplements --- exercise --- skeletal muscle --- glycemic control --- type 2 diabetes mellitus --- phosphorylcreatine --- dietary supplement --- ergogenic aid --- youth --- athletes --- osteoporosis --- osteosarcopenia --- frailty --- cachexia --- innate immunity --- adaptive immunity --- inflammation --- macrophage polarization --- cytotoxic T cells --- toll-like receptors --- vascular pathology --- cardiovascular disease --- oxidative stress --- vascular health --- female --- menstrual cycle --- hormones --- exercise performance --- menopause --- mood --- children --- height --- BMI-for-age --- stature-for-age --- growth --- phosphocreatine --- creatine transporter --- supplementation --- treatment --- heart --- heart failure --- ischemia --- myocardial infarction --- anthracycline --- cardiac toxicity --- energy metabolism --- cell survival --- bioinformatics --- systems biology --- cellular allostasis --- dynamic biosensor --- pleiotropic effects of creatine (Cr) supplementation --- inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) --- ulcerative colitis --- Crohn’s disease --- creatine kinase (CK) --- phosphocreatine (PCr) --- creatine transporter (CrT) --- intestinal epithelial cell protection --- intestinal tissue protection --- creatine perfusion --- organ transplantation --- Adenosine mono-phosphate (AMP) --- activated protein kinase (AMPK) --- liver kinase B1 (LKB1) --- mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) --- reactive oxygen species (ROS) --- glucose transporter (GLUT) --- T cell antitumor immunity --- metabolic regulator --- cancer immunotherapy --- supplements --- muscle damage --- recovery --- immobilization --- atrophy --- muscular dystrophy --- amyotrophic lateral sclerosis --- Parkinson’s Disease --- cardiopulmonary disease --- mitochondrial cytopathy --- hypertrophy --- athletic performance --- weightlifting --- resistance exercise --- training --- muscular power --- muscular adaptation --- muscle fatigue --- adipose tissue --- muscle strength --- physiological adaptation --- mitochondria --- thermogenesis --- MAP kinase signaling system --- sodium-chloride-dependent neurotransmitter symporters --- signal transduction --- intradialytic creatine supplementation --- hemodialysis --- muscle --- protein energy wasting --- clinical trial --- muscle weakness --- chronic fatigue --- cognitive impairment --- depression --- anemia --- resistance training --- sports nutrition --- strength --- toxicity --- methylation --- hyperhomocysteinemia --- neuromodulation --- MCDA --- mitochondriopathia --- cardiac infarction --- long COVID --- hypoxia --- stroke --- neurodegenerative diseases --- noncommunicable disease --- adenosine 5′-monopnophosphate-activated protein kinase --- anthracyclines --- creatine supplementation --- cardiac signaling --- cardiotoxicity --- doxorubicin --- soy --- vegetarian/vegan diet --- amino acids --- dietary ingredients --- performance