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The European Union's efforts to approximate substantive criminal law began under the third pillar of the Maastricht Treaty, then amended by the Amsterdam and Nice Treaties. As with other areas of cooperation in criminal matters, this domain has been 'communitarised' by the Lisbon Treaty. Since then, it is the area where the most initiatives have been introduced. In this context, the purpose of the book is twofold. The first aim is to evaluate the changes introduced by the new Treaty and, three years after its entry into force, to provide an overview of the concrete implementation and practical impact of these changes. The second is to reflect on future prospects.

Criminal law --- International crimes --- Philosophy. --- Law and legislation.

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What are chances and challenges of referring to human rights law in defining crimes under international law? Under what circumstances is a reference to human rights law dogmatically appropriate and practically likely? The answers to these questions are explored through a look at the theoretical framework, practical application in jurisprudence as well as empirically through interviews with judges. By highlighting the common roots and the differences between both areas of law, the existing inconsistencies in the application of the law, as well as approaches which could contribute to their solution, the book presents a crucial contribution to the debate on legal certainty and innovation in international criminal law.

International criminal law. --- International law and human rights. --- Human rights and international law --- Human rights --- Criminal law, International --- ICL (International criminal law) --- Criminal law --- International law --- Criminal jurisdiction --- International crimes --- Law --- Civil Rights

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Today, nearly any group or nation with violence in its past has constructed or is planning a memorial museum as a mechanism for confronting past trauma, often together with truth commissions, trials, and/or other symbolic or material reparations. Exhibiting Atrocity documents the emergence of the memorial museum as a new cultural form of commemoration, and analyzes its use in efforts to come to terms with past political violence and to promote democracy and human rights. Through a global comparative approach, Amy Sodaro uses in-depth case studies of five exemplary memorial museums that commemorate a range of violent pasts and allow for a chronological and global examination of the trend: the U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum in Washington, DC; the House of Terror in Budapest, Hungary; the Kigali Genocide Memorial Centre in Rwanda; the Museum of Memory and Human Rights in Santiago, Chile; and the National September 11 Memorial Museum in New York. Together, these case studies illustrate the historical emergence and global spread of the memorial museum and show how this new cultural form of commemoration is intended to be used in contemporary societies around the world.

Collective memory. --- Crimes against humanity --- Political atrocities --- Genocide --- Museums. --- Cleansing, Ethnic --- Ethnic cleansing --- Ethnic purification --- Ethnocide --- Purification, Ethnic --- Crime --- Atrocities --- International crimes --- War crimes --- Collective remembrance --- Common memory --- Cultural memory --- Emblematic memory --- Historical memory --- National memory --- Public memory --- Social memory --- Memory --- Social psychology --- Group identity --- National characteristics --- Memorialization --- Historical museums. --- 911 memorial. --- 911. --- genocide. --- holocaust museum. --- holocaust. --- memorial museum. --- museums. --- september 11 memorial.

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Much of the literature on post-violent contexts addresses problems of transitional justice, memory studies, and post-conflict reconciliation.�This volume inscribes an innovative domain of inquiry, situating itself creatively amidst these discussions but building upon the literatures of museum and heritage studies.�The contributors (themselves�practitioners, artists, curators, activists and academics) draw from a broad range of geographical and theoretical material, �and�explore new ways of bearing witness vis-a-vis curatorial practice, heritage work and memorializing the past, to examine the challenges and limitations of such endeavors.

ART --- Crimes against humanity --- Crimes against humanity. --- HISTORY --- History of ideas. --- Kollektives Gedächtnis. --- Libraries and Museums. --- Material culture. --- Menschenrechtsverletzung. --- Museum exhibits. --- Museums & museology. --- Museums --- Museumspädagogik. --- Museumsverwaltung. --- Political atrocities --- Political atrocities. --- Politisches Delikt. --- Politiska grymheter --- SOCIAL SCIENCE --- Utställningsteknik. --- Verbrechen gegen die Menschlichkeit. --- Vergangenheitsbewältigung. --- Museum Studies. --- Social History. --- Curatorship. --- Utställningar. --- Media Studies. --- Violence in Society. --- Museum exhibits --- Atrocities --- Museum curating --- Museum curatorial practice --- Museum curatorship --- Curatorship --- Display techniques --- Displays, Museum --- Museum displays --- Exhibitions --- Museum techniques --- Crime --- International crimes --- Genocide --- War crimes

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This two-volume book, published open access, brings together leading scholars of constitutional law from twenty-nine European countries to revisit the role of national constitutions at a time when decision-making has increasingly shifted to the European and transnational level. It offers important insights into three areas. First, it explores how constitutions reflect the transfer of powers from domestic to European and global institutions. Secondly, it revisits substantive constitutional values, such as the protection of constitutional rights, the rule of law, democratic participation and constitutional review, along with constitutional court judgments that tackle the protection of these rights and values in the transnational context, e.g. with regard to the Data Retention Directive, the European Arrest Warrant, the ESM Treaty, and EU and IMF austerity measures. The responsiveness of the ECJ regarding the above rights and values, along with the standard of protection, is also assessed. Thirdly, challenges in the context of global governance in relation to judicial review, democratic control and accountability are examined. On a broader level, the contributors were also invited to reflect on what has increasingly been described as the erosion or twilight' of constitutionalism, or a shift to a thin version of the rule of law, democracy and judicial review in the context of Europeanisation and globalisation processes.

Constitutional law. --- Constitutional Law. --- European Law. --- International Criminal Law . --- Human Rights. --- Fundamentals of Law. --- Constitutional law --- Constitutional limitations --- Constitutionalism --- Constitutions --- Limitations, Constitutional --- Public law --- Administrative law --- Interpretation and construction --- Law—Europe. --- International criminal law. --- Human rights. --- Law—Philosophy. --- Law. --- Acts, Legislative --- Enactments, Legislative --- Laws (Statutes) --- Legislative acts --- Legislative enactments --- Jurisprudence --- Legislation --- Basic rights --- Civil rights (International law) --- Human rights --- Rights, Human --- Rights of man --- Human security --- Transitional justice --- Truth commissions --- Criminal law, International --- ICL (International criminal law) --- Criminal law --- International law --- Criminal jurisdiction --- International crimes --- Law and legislation --- Constitutional law - Europe --- Law --- Law—Europe --- International criminal law --- Law—Philosophy