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Located at the link between man and the nature that surrounds him, food overlaps in the cycle of production, preparation, consumption and excretion of biological necessity, cultural technique and cultural transformation. Against the background of cultural-scientific contexts, food is examined as an "art material", as a material and motif of art, and the material "metabolism" that can be grasped in it between cultural valuations and processes of decay. The anthology brings together questions, discussions and perspectives from the two-day conference "Metabolisms. Food in Art" at the Warburg House and the Dieter Roth Museum Hamburg in November 2017.

Decay --- Transience --- Food --- Eat art --- Object art --- Intermediality --- Cultural technique

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This book contains a collection of different research activities where several technologies have been applied to the optimization of biodegradation processes. The book has three main sections: A) Hydrocarbons biodegradation, B) Biodegradation and anaerobic digestion, and C) Biodegradation and sustainability.

Biodegradation. --- Biocorrosion --- Biodecay --- Biodecomposition --- Biodeterioration --- Biological corrosion --- Biological decay --- Biological decomposition --- Biological degradation --- Decay, Biological --- Decomposition (Biology) --- Degradation, Biological --- Biochemistry --- Decomposition (Chemistry) --- Microbiology --- Engineering --- Physical Sciences --- Engineering and Technology --- Ecological Engineering --- Environmental Engineering

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With its wide spectrum of data, case studies, monitoring, and experimental and numerical simulation techniques, the multidisciplinary approach of material, environmental, and computer science applied to the conservation of cultural heritage offers several opportunities for the heritage science and conservation community to map and monitor state-of-the-art knowledge on natural and human-induced climate change impacts on cultural heritage—mainly constituted by the built environment—in Europe and Latin America. Geosciences’ Special Issue titled “Preservation of Cultural Heritage and Resources Threatened by Climate Change” was launched to take stock of the existing but still fragmentary knowledge on this challenge, and to enable the community to respond to the implementation of the Paris agreement. These 10 papers exploit a broad range of data derived from preventive conservation monitoring conducted indoors in museums, churches, historical buildings, or outdoors in archeological sites and city centers. Case studies presented in the papers focus on a well-assorted sample of decay phenomena occurring on heritage materials (e.g., surface recession and biomass accumulation on limestone, depositions of pollutant on marble, salt weathering on inorganic building materials, and weathering processes on mortars in many local- to regional-scale study areas in the Scandinavian Peninsula, the United Kingdom, Belgium, France, Italy, Greece, and Panama). Besides monitoring, the methodological approaches showcased include, but are not limited to, original material characterization, decay product characterization, and climate and numerical modelling on material components for assessing environmental impact and climate change effects.

Central America --- typical and extreme weather conditions --- indoor air quality --- climate modelling --- mineralogy --- adaptation --- degradation --- decay --- exposure tests --- mortars --- experimental research --- preventative conservation --- heritage materials --- moisture transport --- damage functions --- wood --- medieval buildings --- mechanical decay --- long-term monitoring --- climate change --- stable isotopes --- mitigation --- Norwegian protected buildings --- preventive conservation --- relative humidity --- cultural heritage --- built heritage --- mitigation actions --- salt climatology --- conservation --- outdoor climate --- built cultural heritage weathering --- indoor climate --- environmental impact --- hygrothermal simulation models --- surface recession --- biomass accumulation --- zero status --- masonry --- Scandinavian countries --- ?13C --- measurements --- climate variations --- chemical decay --- warning report --- salt crystallisation --- climate change scenarios --- ?18O --- management --- depositions on marble --- biological decay

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This book contains a collection of different research activities that include the biodegradation compounds with contaminant characteristics and special products of different interests as an added value product or that allows following up various biological processes. The chapters consider the degradation of contaminant compounds generated by industrial activities, i.e., oil industry by-product compounds and halogen compounds or compound generated by natural phenomena such as tsunamis, which require interventions to recover damaged soils. In addition, the book contains chapters that involve special product degradation processes such as chlorophyll, which corresponds to a biological process indicator as photosynthesis.

Biodegradation. --- Environmental monitoring. --- Biomonitoring (Ecology) --- Ecological monitoring --- Environmental quality --- Monitoring, Environmental --- Applied ecology --- Environmental engineering --- Pollution --- Biocorrosion --- Biodecay --- Biodecomposition --- Biodeterioration --- Biological corrosion --- Biological decay --- Biological decomposition --- Biological degradation --- Decay, Biological --- Decomposition (Biology) --- Degradation, Biological --- Biochemistry --- Decomposition (Chemistry) --- Microbiology --- Measurement --- Monitoring --- Environmental monitoring

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Polyamines are small organic compounds found in all living organisms. In recent years, there have been many exciting advances in our understanding of plant polyamines, such as the determination of the biosynthetic and catabolic pathways of plant polyamines and the identification of the roles that plant polyamines play in cellular processes. This Special Issue contains six original research papers and three review articles, providing valuable insights and information for future polyamine-related research.

polyamine oxidase --- norspermidine --- thermospermine --- Selaginella lepidophylla --- Arabidopsis thaliana mutant --- polyamines --- spermidine --- nonsense-mediated decay --- no-go decay --- non-stop decay --- quality control --- translation --- copper amine oxidases --- H2O2 --- ROS --- ABA --- stomatal closure --- back conversion pathway --- polyamine catabolism --- stress response --- terminal catabolism pathway --- Ranunculus biternatus --- Ranunculus pseudotrullifolius --- Ranunculus moseleyi --- secondary metabolite variation --- amines --- quercetins --- natural populations --- environment --- redundancy --- sub-Antarctic plants --- Arabidopsis --- phloem --- rice --- spermine --- xylem --- nitrogen metabolism --- abiotic and biotic stress --- hydrogen peroxide --- antioxidant machinery --- heat shock proteins --- heat stress --- polyamine oxidases --- PA acetylation --- PA oxidation --- PA back-conversion --- putrescine --- tomato --- spermidine synthase --- fruit shape --- cell division --- cell expansion --- copper amine oxidase