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Kant's reflections on animals open up a hitherto overlooked approach to his conception of human intuition and imagination. In her book, Rahel Villinger shows how Kant's aesthetics, epistemology, and theory of history become completely readable against the background of the assumption of animal cognition through intuition and imagination. Kant as a frigid thinker of human reason, who sees in the forces of sensuality nothing but immorality and animal lethargy: this prejudice is still widespread. In fact, sensuality for Kant is an intrinsic and independent faculty of knowledge through intuition and imagination. Kant radically upgraded sensuality, which was independent of reason, from the rationalistic school philosophy of his day and also against the newly emerging philosophy of German idealism. We need the imagination of other animals to be able to think our own and to critically push the boundaries. Therefore, an imagination of animals with Kant includes both: the notion of a superhuman power of purely sensual intuition and imagination whose singularity and immediacy reflect the perfection and infinity of divine intuition; and the specific imagination of rational animals, whose descriptive activity combines image and writing, vividness and concept, and which becomes possible only through the imagination of their premature origin - their animal prototype. The guide to his reflections on animals thus reveals a hidden ambiguity in Kant's thinking of sensual nature, which determines the foundations of modern aesthetics, poetics, and pictorial theory.
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In Animal Rationality: Later Medieval Theories 1250-1350 , Anselm Oelze offers the first comprehensive and systematic exploration of theories of animal rationality in the later Middle Ages. Traditionally, it was held that medieval thinkers ascribed rationality to humans while denying it to nonhuman animals. As Oelze shows, this narrative fails to capture the depth and diversity of the medieval debate. Although many thinkers, from Albert the Great to John Buridan, did indeed hold that nonhuman animals lack rational faculties, some granted them the ability to engage in certain rational processes such as judging, reasoning, or employing prudence. There is thus a whole spectrum of positions to be discovered, many of which show interesting parallels with contemporary theories of animal rationality.
Animals (Philosophy) --- Cognition in animals --- Animal intelligence --- History --- Intellect of animals --- Intelligence of animals --- Animal psychology --- Instinct --- Psychology, Comparative --- Animal cognition --- Philosophy
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Une "question animale" se pose avec insistance aujourd'hui: découvertes majeures en éthologie, avec ta mise en évidence de cultures animales ; prolifération de discours philosophiques, d'essais littéraires, de récits consacrés aux bêtes, multipliant les protocoles de relecture qui questionnent les rapports entre la raison et le sensible ; développement d'une " éthique animale" et "environnementale". Car cet intérêt se dessine sur fond de catastrophe écologique et d'extinction des espèces. Alors que les avancées scientifiques font apparaître des mondes perceptifs communs aux animaux et aux hommes, que l'imagination littéraire avait sondés autrement, leurs communautés vécues reculent, voire disparaissent, produisant une inquiétude nouvelle. L'idée surgit d'un "contrat" moral entre humains et animaux que l'époque moderne aurait rompu. Faut-il construire un tel contrat pour notre présent, et avec quels instruments? Ou faut-il repenser de fond en comble nos rapports avec le monde animal? Sur ces questions se confrontent utilitarisme anglo-saxon et déconstruction continentale, les uns parlant de droits, de devoirs et d'intérêts mutuels, les autres oeuvrant à "rouvrir la question du pathos" et faisant entendre le "silence des bêtes", tandis qu'une nouvelle littérature, fictionnelle ou non, requestionne les pouvoirs et les limites de l'empathie et de la compassion. Au risque d'alimenter un nouveau mythe : celui de l'animal-victime, témoin muet d'une faute humaine universelle, qui viendrait rejoindre et représenter les victimes des catastrophes historiques du XXe siècle. Ce livre tente d'accompagner ces questions et ce mythe sur un mode critique, qui nous invite à penser à nouveaux frais nos similitudes et nos différences.
Animals (Philosophy) --- Human-animal relationships --- Animal welfare --- Literature (General) --- animal --- philosophie --- relation homme-nature --- littérature --- Animalité (philosophie). --- Relations homme-animal. --- Animaux --- Littérature --- Dans la littérature. --- Thèmes, motifs.
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Museum of Nonhumanity is the catalogue for a full-size touring museum that presents the history of the distinction between humans and animals, and the way that this artificial boundary has been used to oppress human and nonhuman beings over long historical periods. Throughout history, declaring a group to be nonhuman or subhuman has been an effective tool for justifying slavery, oppression, medical experimentation, genocide, and other forms of violence against those deemed “other.” Conversely, differentiating humans from other species has paved the way for the abuse of natural resources and other animals. Museum of Nonhumanity approaches animalization as a nexus that connects xenophobia, sexism, racism, transphobia, and the abuse of nature and other animals. The touring museum hosts lecture programs in which local civil rights and animal rights organizations, academics, artists, and activists propose paths to a more inclusive society through intersectional approaches. The museum also hosts a pop-up book shop and a vegan café. As a temporary, utopian institution, Museum of Nonhumanity stands as a monument to the call to make animalization history.
Animal rights --- Animals (Philosophy). --- Human beings --- Human-animal relationships. --- Moral and ethical aspects. --- Animal nature. --- Animal-human relationships --- Animal-man relationships --- Animals and humans --- Human beings and animals --- Man-animal relationships --- Relationships, Human-animal --- Animals --- Animal nature of human beings --- Philosophical anthropology --- Philosophy --- Exhibition catalogues & specific collections --- posthumanism --- art --- animal rights --- critical animal studies --- ethics --- moral philosophy --- museums
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