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AA / International- internationaal --- LDC / Developping Countries - Pays En Développement --- 050 --- 654 --- 338.043 --- 384.0 --- Officiële publicaties (per land). --- Informatieverwerking. Bureautica. --- Technologische vooruitgang. Automatisering. Computers. Werkgelegenheid en informatica. --- Telecommunicatie: algemeenheden. --- Electronic commerce --- Information technology --- Internet --- Economic aspects --- Developing countries --- Economic policy. --- E-books --- DARPA Internet --- Internet (Computer network) --- Wide area networks (Computer networks) --- World Wide Web --- Cybercommerce --- E-business --- E-commerce --- E-tailing --- eBusiness --- eCommerce --- Electronic business --- Internet commerce --- Internet retailing --- Online commerce --- Web retailing --- Commerce --- Information superhighway

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In Defense of Monopoly offers an unconventional but empirically grounded argument in favor of market monopolies. Authors McKenzie and Lee claim that conventional, static models exaggerate the harm done by real-world monopolies, and they show why some degree of monopoly presence is necessary to maximize the improvement of human welfare over time. Inspired by Joseph Schumpeter's suggestion that market imperfections can drive an economy's long-term progress, In Defense of Monopoly defies conventional assumptions to show readers why an economic system's failure to efficiently allocate its resources is actually a necessary precondition for maximizing the system's long-term performance: the perfectly fluid, competitive economy idealized by most economists is decidedly inferior to one characterized by market entry and exit restrictions or costs.

Monopolies --- Production (Economic theory) --- AA / International- internationaal --- 338.50 --- 380.22 --- 338.040 --- 338.043 --- 338.82 --- Microeconomics --- Supply and demand --- Demand (Economic theory) --- Supply-side economics --- Combinations in restraint of trade --- Commercial corners --- Corners, Commercial --- Engrossing --- Forestalling --- Commercial crimes --- Trade regulation --- Competition --- Monopolistic competition --- Monopsonies --- Restraint of trade --- Trusts, Industrial --- Vormen van monopolistische orde (algemeenheden). Economisch malthusianisme. --- Concurrentie. Monopolie, duopolie, oligopolie. --- Ondernemingen: algemeenheden. --- Technologische vooruitgang. Automatisering. Computers. Werkgelegenheid en informatica. --- Ondernemingen: algemeenheden --- Technologische vooruitgang. Automatisering. Computers. Werkgelegenheid en informatica --- Vormen van monopolistische orde (algemeenheden). Economisch malthusianisme --- Concurrentie. Monopolie, duopolie, oligopolie --- Monopolies.

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Regional disparities and spatial clustering are ubiquitous in today’s world. This study contributes with empirical findings on the distribution of European research and patenting activity since the 1980s at the regional level. Besides a general theoretical part, it offers a quantitative clustering analysis, which makes use of EPO patent applications and a harmonized regional and technological classification. Moreover, the pan-European study incorporates a structural analysis of inter-regional co-patenting networks at the regional and technological level that covers the 1990s and 2000s. Finally, European regional income and growth disparities are addressed by placing emphasis on the spatial distribution of research activity and the regional settlement structure.

Technological innovations --- Industrial clusters --- Research --- Patents --- Regional planning --- Innovations --- Grappes industrielles --- Recherche --- Brevets d'invention --- Aménagement du territoire --- Economic aspects --- Aspect économique --- Inventions --- Regions --- Industrial clusters -- Europe. --- Inventions -- Europe -- Regions. --- Patents -- Europe -- Regions. --- Regional planning -- Europe. --- Research -- Europe -- Regions. --- Technological innovations -- Economic aspects -- Europe. --- Business & Economics --- Economic History --- EEC / European Union - EU -Europese Unie - Union Européenne - UE --- 338.043 --- 338.43 --- 338.6 --- Technologische vooruitgang. Automatisering. Computers. Werkgelegenheid en informatica. --- Regionaal beleid. Industriële ontwikkeling en omschakeling van bepaalde regio's. Nieuwe industrieën. --- Wetenschappelijk onderzoek en ontwikkeling. --- Regions. --- Aménagement du territoire --- Aspect économique --- Regional development --- State planning --- Human settlements --- Land use --- Planning --- City planning --- Landscape protection --- Creative ability in technology --- Research, Industrial --- Industrial property --- Intangible property --- Science --- Science research --- Scientific research --- Information services --- Learning and scholarship --- Methodology --- Research teams --- Agglomerations, Industrial --- Cluster industries --- Clusters, Industrial --- Firm clusters --- Industrial agglomerations --- Industry clusters --- Business networks --- Government policy --- Prior art (Patent law) --- Technologische vooruitgang. Automatisering. Computers. Werkgelegenheid en informatica --- Regionaal beleid. Industriële ontwikkeling en omschakeling van bepaalde regio's. Nieuwe industrieën --- Wetenschappelijk onderzoek en ontwikkeling --- Technological innovations - Economic aspects - Europe --- Industrial clusters - Europe --- Research - Europe - Regions --- Patents - Europe - Regions --- Inventions - Europe - Regions --- Regional planning - Europe --- Christ --- Clustering --- concentration of technology fields --- Erfindernetzwerke --- Europäische Patentanmeldungen --- Europe --- Growth --- Innovationscluster --- Innovative --- inventorship clustering analysis --- Kern-Peripherie-Struktur --- Networks --- Patenting --- Places --- Räumliche Disparität --- European R&amp --- D networks