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In the last decades, inedible lignocellulosic biomasses have attracted significant attention for being abundant resources that are not in competition with agricultural land or food production and, therefore, can be used as starting renewable material for the production of a wide variety of platform chemicals. The three main components of lignocellulosic biomasses are cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, complex biopolymers that can be converted into a pool of platform molecules including sugars, polyols, alchols, ketons, ethers, acids and aromatics. Various technologies have been explored for their one-pot conversion into chemicals, fuels and materials. However, in order to develop new catalytic processes for the selective production of desired products, a complete understanding of the molecular aspects of the basic chemistry and reactivity of biomass derived molecules is still crucial. This Special Issue reports on recent progress and advances in the catalytic valorization of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin model molecules promoted by novel heterogeneous systems for the production of energy, fuels and chemicals.

n/a --- hemicellulose --- catalytic transfer hydrogenolysis reactions --- furfural --- ZSM-5 --- syngas --- renewable aromatics --- Diels–Alder --- lignin --- hydroisomerization --- levulinic acid --- bio-oil upgrade --- metal ferrites --- aromatic ethers --- hierarchical zeolites --- Chilean natural zeolites --- bioethanol --- renewable p-xylene --- desilication --- dimethylfuran --- GC/MS characterization --- biomass --- H-donor molecules --- heterogeneous catalysis --- polyols --- Brønsted acids sites --- spinels --- solketal --- glycerol --- chemical-loop reforming --- zeolite --- cellulose --- insulating oils --- hydrogenolysis --- lignocellulosic biomasses --- bio-insulating oil --- glycidol --- Diels-Alder

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Heterocycles feature widely in natural products, agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals and dyes, and their synthesis is of great interest to synthetic chemists in both academia and industry. The contributions of recent applications of new methodologies in C–H activation, photoredox chemistry, cross-coupling strategies, borrowing hydrogen catalysis, multicomponent and solvent-free reactions, regio- and stereoselective syntheses, as well as other new, attractive approaches for the construction of heterocyclic scaffolds are of great interest. This Special Issue is dedicated to featuring the latest research that is ongoing in the field of heterocyclic synthesis. It is expected that most submissions will focus on five- and six-membered oxygen and nitrogen-containing heterocycles, but structures incorporating other rings/heteroatoms will also be considered. Original research (communications, full papers and reviews) that discusses innovative methodologies for assembling heterocycles with potential application in materials, catalysis and medicine are therefore welcome.

amine nucleophiles --- alkynoic acids --- cascade reaction --- gold catalysis --- fused N-heterocycles --- solid-phase synthesis --- ketone --- traceless synthesis --- natural products --- enol ethers --- photocatalysis --- photoredox --- visible-light-induced catalysis --- photoredox cyclization --- organic dyes --- heterocycles --- dihydrocoumarins --- synthesis --- 3-trifluoroacetyl coumarins --- phenols --- antifungal activities --- terpyridines --- 3,2′:6′,3″-terpyridine --- cyclohexanol derivative --- condensation --- heterocyclic --- 1,2,3-triazol --- triazolylmethyl phosphinate --- triazolylmethyl phosphate --- copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition --- click reaction --- azides --- cinnolines --- triazoles --- CuAAC --- alkynes --- cycloalkynes --- Richter cyclization --- Suzuki coupling --- fluorescence --- cytotoxicity --- coumarin --- pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine --- silica sulfuric acid --- 2H-pyran --- valence isomerism --- 1-oxa-triene --- dienone --- oxa-electrocyclization --- Knoevenagel --- propargyl Claisen --- cycloisomerization --- asymmetric dimeric β-carboline --- acylhydrazone group --- cytotoxic --- antitumor --- structure–activity relationship --- γ-lactam --- pyrrolidones --- multicomponent reactions --- organocatalysis --- pyridine --- CF3CO-acetylenes --- 1,3-oxazines --- fluorinated heterocycles --- saturated oxygen heterocycles --- cyclic ethers --- total synthesis --- multicomponent reaction --- α-halohydrazones --- Staudinger reaction --- aza-Wittig --- 1H-imidazole-2(3H)-thione --- 2H-imidazo[2,1-b][1,3,4]thiadiazine --- purine --- nucleobase --- aromatic substitution --- arylation --- fluoroalcohol --- α-chloroglycinates --- 5-acylamino-1,3-thiazoles --- Hantzsch reaction --- TMSBr --- propargylic alcohols --- cascade cyclization --- 4-bromo quinolines --- synthesis of benzofurans --- intra-molecular approach --- inter-molecular approach --- n/a --- 3,2':6',3"-terpyridine --- structure-activity relationship

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This Special Issue is result of a call for papers of the Section Industrial Crystallization of MDPI’s scientific journal Crystals. It addresses scientists and engineers active in research and process & product development in life-science industries (e.g. pharmaceuticals, fine chemicals and biotechnology products) and bulk chemical applications (e.g. desalination) as well. The contributions comprise several fundamental and application-oriented facets of crystallization providing an overview of industrially relevant subjects in the field. Main issues cover phase equilibria and solid-state behavior of crystalline compounds, crystal shape and size and related measurement techniques. Melt and solution crystallization are considered specifically addressing contemporary aspects of continuous crystallization and process intensification.

K-MER zeolite --- synthesis parameter --- morphology --- cyanoethylation of methanol --- catalyst --- multi-dendrite motion --- CA-LBM model --- dendritic growth --- natural convection --- numerical simulation --- melt crystallization --- freeze crystallization (FC) --- recycling --- ionic liquid (IL) --- solid–liquid equilibrium --- cellulose --- nanocrystals --- modification --- poly(butylene succinate) --- crystallization --- kinetics --- chirality --- deracemization --- preferential crystallization --- racemic conglomerate --- phase behavior --- polymorphism --- aryl glycerol ethers --- spherical BaTiO3 nanoparticle --- hydrothermal synthesis --- nanoscale TiO2 seed --- crystal growth --- dielectric property --- curcumin --- purification --- ternary mixture of curcuminoids --- reverse osmosis --- membrane fouling --- gypsum scaling --- fluorescent-tagged polyacrylate --- fluorescence --- scale inhibition mechanisms --- solvent effect --- crystal habit --- aspect ratio --- molecular dynamics (MD) --- surface structure --- amine --- biocatalysis --- enzyme --- process intensification --- enantioselective --- fluidized bed --- continuous --- chiral separation --- racemate resolution --- enantiomer --- asparagine monohydrate --- fine chemicals --- continuous crystallization --- crystal shape --- process design --- DTB crystallizer --- scale up --- L-serine --- L-alanine --- enantiomers --- isomorphic miscibility --- thermal expansion --- PXRD --- TRPXRD --- optical measurement techniques --- crystal size measurement --- inline probe --- crystal needles --- microcrystals --- microplate --- grid scanning --- in situ data collection --- n/a --- solid-liquid equilibrium

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This Special Issue is one of the first for the new MDPI flagship journal Chemistry (ISSN 2624-8549) which has a broad remit for publishing original research in all areas of chemistry. The theme of this issue is Supramolecular Chemistry in the 3rd Millennium and I am sure that this topic will attract many exciting contributions. We chose this topic because it encompasses the unity of contemporary pluridisciplinary science, in which organic, inorganic, physical and theoretical chemists work together with molecular biologists and physicists to develop a systems-level understanding of molecular interactions. The description of supramolecular chemistry as ‘chemistry beyond the molecule’ (Jean-Marie Lehn, Nobel Lecture and Gautam R. Desiraju, Nature, 2001, 412, 397) addresses the wide variety of weak, non-covalent interactions that are the basis for the assembly of supramolecular architectures, molecular receptors and molecular recognition, programed molecular systems, dynamic combinatorial libraries, coordination networks and functional supramolecular materials. We welcome submissions from all disciplines involved in this exciting and evolving area of science.

anion binding --- chloride receptor --- switchable system --- hydroquinone --- redox switch --- metal-organic frameworks --- vapour sorption --- solvatochromism --- desorption kinetics --- ion-channels --- crown-ethers --- bilayer membranes --- self-assembly --- supramolecular chemistry --- host–guest chemistry --- coordination cage --- catalysis --- crystal structure --- copper chloride complexes --- H-bonding pattern --- tetrazole ligands --- X-ray diffraction --- Hirshfeld surfaces --- uranium(VI) --- carboxylates --- capsules --- structure --- luminescence --- multicomponent cocrystal --- cocrystallization mechanism --- cocrystal synthesis --- crystal engineering --- porous material --- molecular recognition --- halogen bond --- co-crystal --- molecular tecton --- binary solid --- network structure --- σ-hole --- molecular electrostatic potential --- calixarenes --- coordination clusters --- manganese --- molecular magnetism --- host–guest interaction --- cucurbit[7]uril --- 4-pyrrolidinopyridinium --- copper complexes --- chlorido ligand displacement --- catalysis regulation --- Schiff base ligands --- urea hydrolysis --- coordination chemistry --- hydrogen bonds --- metalla-assemblies --- coordination-driven self-assembly --- orthogonality --- ligands --- metal ions --- complementarity --- hydrogen bonding --- cyclotricatechylene --- metal–organic cage --- helicate --- metallosupramolecular --- chirality --- copper(II) complexes --- pyrazolato ligands --- supramolecular assembly --- X-ray crystallography --- magnetic susceptibility --- EPR spectroscopy --- isotropic exchange --- antisymmetric exchange --- dipolar interaction --- DFT calculations --- hydrogen bond --- pyrazine --- chloropyrazine --- chloropyrazin-2-amine --- copper halide --- supramolecular structure --- conformational polymorphism --- intermolecular contacts --- N,N′,N″,N‴-Tetraisopropylpyrophosphoramide --- pyrophosphoramide --- synthons --- supramolecular motifs --- n/a --- host-guest chemistry --- host-guest interaction --- metal-organic cage --- N,N',N",N‴-Tetraisopropylpyrophosphoramide