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All kinds of knowledge, from traditional know-how to modern science, are socially contingent and the product of an age-long and permanent social struggle. This book unravels the creation and the exchange of agronomic knowledge in rural Europe, from the early eighteenth century up until the end of the twentieth. It explores the spreading of knowing through the lens of "knowledge networks": where did agricultural knowledge come from and how did one learn to run a farm? Who was involved in this process of knowledge exchange? Which strategies and communicative methods were employed and what kind of networks were active? The answers to these questions mirror, as the book illustrates, the inventiveness of the actors on the scene: the creativity of a French naturalist in establishing links with local farmers to stop the circulation of a devastating grain moth, the power of the agricultural press to instill "proper values" into Hungarian farming practices or to shape the identity of the Galician agrarian movement, and the agency of post-war British farmers in selecting their own information, from sources such as lectures to the Young Farmers' Club, visits by public advisors and representatives of commercial firms, and radio programs.0From the start of the agricultural Enlightenment, increasingly farmers have been besieged by a growing army of experts, telling them what to do, when and how. The chapters here reveal the continuous tensions between science-based agriculture and practice-based farming, between the expert image of an ideal agriculture and the (less known) self-image of being a good farmer. The dominant process, as this book shows, is that of an instrumental top-down transmission of knowledge from "the lab to the field". But between these two poles, complex and flourishing networks developed, functioning as trading zones in which knowledge and experience could be circulated, put to the test, forgotten, altered, rejected - and sometim

Communication in agriculture --- Agricultural innovations --- Technological innovations --- Agriculture --- Innovations, Agricultural --- Technological change in agriculture --- Agricultural communicators --- Agricultural communication --- History --- Technology transfer --- Innovations --- Agronomy --- Economic geography --- History of Europe --- anno 1800-1999 --- anno 1700-1799

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Food science and technology --- Housekeeping --- anno 1900-1999 --- Europe --- Food industry and trade --- Agriculture --- Agricultural innovations --- Aliments --- History --- Technological innovations --- Industrie et commerce --- Histoire --- Innovations --- Academic collection --- Food preparation industry --- Food processing industry --- Food trade --- Agricultural processing industries --- Processed foods --- Innovations, Agricultural --- Technological change in agriculture --- Technology transfer --- Food --- Food processing --- Food technology --- Processing --- Food industry and trade - Technological innovations - Europe --- Food industry and trade - Europe --- Agricultural innovations - Europe --- Mer du Nord (région) --- Alimentation --- Histoire rurale --- 20e siècle

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Late medieval and early modern cities are often depicted as cradles of artistic creativity and hotbeds of new material culture. Cities in Renaissance Italy and in seventeenth- and eighteenth-century north-western Europe are the most obvious cases in point. But, how did this come about? Contributors to this volume set out to analyze whether, in what context and why regulation or deregulation influenced innovation and creativity in late medieval and early modern cities, and what the impact was of long-term changes in the political and economic sphere.

Economic production --- Environmental planning --- economics --- science [modern discipline] --- urbanization --- Late Medieval --- anno 1200-1799 --- Italy --- Benelux-Euregio --- City and town life --- Technological innovations --- Urbanization --- Guilds --- Craft guilds --- Gilds --- Labor organizations --- Merchant companies --- Workers' associations --- Artisans --- Employers' associations --- Labor unions --- Cities and towns, Movement to --- Urban development --- Urban systems --- Cities and towns --- Social history --- Sociology, Rural --- Sociology, Urban --- Urban policy --- Rural-urban migration --- Breakthroughs, Technological --- Innovations, Industrial --- Innovations, Technological --- Technical innovations --- Technological breakthroughs --- Technological change --- Creative ability in technology --- Inventions --- Domestication of technology --- Innovation relay centers --- Research, Industrial --- Technology transfer --- City life --- Town life --- Urban life --- History. --- Societies, etc. --- Benelux countries --- Low countries --- Intellectual life. --- Economic conditions.

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arbeidsvraagstukken --- Sociology of work --- arbeidstevredenheid --- arbeidssociologie --- Arbeid en arbeiders --- Travail et travailleurs --- AA / International- internationaal --- Technological innovations --- -Arbeid --- 338.020 --- Arbeidsethiek --- Arbeidssatisfactie (arbeidstevredenheid, arbeidsvreugde, personeelstevredenheid) --- Technological unemployment --- Work --- Arbeidssociologie --- #GGSB: Sociaal-economische ethiek --- 331 --- 379.8 --- 331.01 --- 331.15 --- Industry (Psychology) --- Method of work --- Work, Method of --- Human behavior --- Labor --- Occupations --- Work-life balance --- Unemployment, Technological --- Unemployment --- Labor supply --- Breakthroughs, Technological --- Innovations, Industrial --- Innovations, Technological --- Technical innovations --- Technological breakthroughs --- Technological change --- Creative ability in technology --- Inventions --- Domestication of technology --- Innovation relay centers --- Research, Industrial --- Technology transfer --- Social aspects --- Theorie van de arbeid. --- arbeid --- vacantie - vrije tijd - vrijetijdsbesteding - vrije tijd buiten de arbeid - vacantiegenoegens - vacantiespreiding (zie ook 331.811.5) --- theorie van de arbeid - arbeidswetenschap - arbeidseconomie --- verhouding tussen werkgevers en werknemers - collectieve arbeidsverhoudingen - industriele verhoudingen - industrial relations --- Effect of technological innovations on --- Technological unemployment. --- Work. --- Social aspects. --- -338.020 --- Theorie van de arbeid --- Sociaal-economische ethiek --- Boekgeschiedenis (kennisdomein) --- Socioculturele geschiedenis na 1830 (kennisdomein)

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Technology transfer --- International business enterprises --- Transfert de technologie --- Entreprises multinationales --- French drama (Comedy) --- Household employees in literature. --- International business enterprises. --- Italian drama (Comedy) --- Patents. --- Valets in literature. --- History and criticism. --- societes multinationales --- technologie --- AA / International- internationaal --- 347.720.1 --- 347.770 --- 347.771 --- multinationals --- Aard, definitie, eigenschappen van handelsvennootschappen. Bedrijfspatrimonium. Multinationale bedrijven. --- Industriële, commerciële en wetenschappelijke eigendom: algemeenheden. --- Octrooien. Octrooibureau. Wetenschappelijk eigendom. --- Servants in literature --- Valets in literature --- -Italian drama (Comedy) --- -Servants in literature --- Drama --- Sociology of literature --- Thematology --- French literature --- anno 1700-1799 --- anno 1600-1699 --- History and criticism --- Aard, definitie, eigenschappen van handelsvennootschappen. Bedrijfspatrimonium. Multinationale bedrijven --- Industriële, commerciële en wetenschappelijke eigendom: algemeenheden --- Octrooien. Octrooibureau. Wetenschappelijk eigendom --- Italian drama (Comedy) - History and criticism --- French drama (Comedy) - History and criticism